THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, JULY 29, 1949.
FOR YOUR SPARE MOMENTS
LESSON HAND
McKENNEY ON BRIDGE
This Select Hand Takes Thinking
40
10005
• Q1045
K1043
432
❤KQJ72 +73
49872
N
W Ε
A0704
A943 J94
SAJS
Dealer
MAKQJ105 ·
❤Nono
• AKIZ
4ADG
Lesson and--E-W val.
Opening-48
10
BY WILLIAM E, McKENNEY
HAVE taken today's lesson hand from an arilele written by Geoffrey Mott-Smith in the April issue of the Bridge World, the title
of which is "Think! Think! Think!" It is a lesson in
self Mott-Smith is probably one of the greatest assemblers of bridge hands in the world, Before the war, when the World Dridge Olympics were held, it was up to him to select the hands.
Now he is in charge of the In- tercollegiate Championship Four- batment.
Once again be found
that he had to prepare a num-
DUMB-BELLS
LOOK AT THE WONDERFUL BARGAIN I GOT « A WHOLE BOX OF POKER CHIPS FOR FIFTY CENTS AND YOU TOLD ME THEY WERE WORTH, A DOLLAR APIECE!
.
CHESS PROBLEM
1
By W. J, WOOD BCF Tourney (6) Black, 12 pieces,
10
1
£
White, pleer.
UNUSUAL ANGLES Australian Men Better, Says American Bride
GRADUATE of Hunter "We do American girls 'go' College in New York who for Australian men? Why does married & New Zealander but the local product look so good has lived in Australia since away from home? Let me go please, and
BY THE
WAY by Beachcomber
It is the harbinger of
Spring, Quack, quack!
THUS Matthew Arnold, walking by the lake at Ramsay House. His words
1941, says Australian men are right on the rocks all right surged in my brain when I
or
"better bets-az bachelors husbands" than Amerienn men.
She is Mrs Violet Colbert, who was born at Now Rochelle. N. Y.
She wald American girls "go" for Australian men,
namo
maintain that it
on its own home ground."
read a query, "At what ago "You Australian girls who are dock a duckling begin to
fed on dazzling: Hollywood quack?"
versions of American manhood,
Circumstances alter caser, as and who recently were awed
Miched and tilladed
American the man said when he by and Mrs Colbert wrote "In De- uniforms and wealth, lend an pounds of sultanas from a fence of the Australian Male" car to one who speaks straight rate at the East India Dock. In Madagascar mala ducks under the
of
Carol
You always quael as they from the heart,
from emerge Coleman in the Melbourne take an Australian male any their shells, but very faintly. national fortnightly, Woman's time or place, always.
The English female duck quncks "Why? Because he has no at approximately three
weeks, line: because he's not messed Finnish ducks only quack
and
An hedged
by old age, anel then only when fraternilles. Because he doesn't provoked beyond all reason.
surfelt
of And now
rather would you suffer
have your cricket bat signed by Dany Kaye or by Bruce Wood- sophistication.
THY.
The wife of a factory manager in Melbourne, she andel in an Interview that she formed her opinon of the United States male in four years spent getting her
from de groe B. A.
Hunter Collège. She met her husband aboard the Matson liner Mon- lerey en
to Australia, Koute
in the 0s a letician worked Melbourne Alfred Hospital for six months, then married.
"The
How They React
up
from
A glassblower Hes here at
rest,
Who one day burst his noble i
chest
cock? Think They're Wolves
Epitaph American
1a male "Every convinced that his Bne 15 and sure- unique, devastating
effectivel and that it disguises the inner wolf.
bespeaks "Tiua
an attitude of conceit In the American male, and that is why Australian men The Huntingdonshire
fire,
are better beis--an bachelors of The American man husbands. expe expects to hunt, or to be hunted, while there
KT
Australian male," wrote. "} often surprised, pleased and Battered by his When he gets success abroad.
he is full of his back home,
fond of telling the glory, and lass next door that she doesn't the way him appreciate American girls did.
she
el
her of hands, which were maited White to play and mate in three, to the various colleges for the
Solution to yesterday's the 1 problem: selecting purpose of
poles for the undergraduate
1. Kt-B4, any; 2. Q., or championship which was played mater, ja Chiengo.
He gives today's hand, which he 'lud prepared was one that for a private Olyngile game in
Trinidad. He went so far
to
cay that the played at aix spades and th West must open the eight of upades.
contract must be
the ace
With the spade opening the declarer wing it with the ten spot. You can see that he can ruff only one diamond, 50 le castres
me king of diamonds and ruffs the third diamand. Now he should lead the king of hearts. East must
make the not
mistake of playing low. He must go up with the ace, which South will trump. Thrve
of more rounds irums are taken,
Now the declarer has to
friendliness.
While trying, in a fit of mailce,
To
blow a Recont Crystal Palace.
Cabmen
FOR THE
Britain To
BUSINESSMAN
US Gold Policy
Cut Price Of Harming World
Utility Goods
London, July 28,-Britain is to reduce the statutory maximum price In the shopu of utility clothing, utility footwear and utility household textiles by an average of five percent. Mr Harold Wilson, the President of the Board of Trade, announced today.
(Utility goods have
Government
controlled
prices and quality),
Ho told the House of Comuoi the of tho factors operating against the stabilization of personal incomes, and certainly a ziving rise to great
matieru the minds of
the general public, is the continued high level of the prices of essential consumer Foods,"
The reductions will come Into force early in Sep- tember-Neuter,
NY BLACK
PEPPER
BOYS AND GIRLS' MAGAZINE American boys are allowed to (Canon Tweedly) Less than an mediato pre-war days.
Punch's High, High Swing
--He Fastened It Right to a Cloud- By MAX TRELL "ONCE," sall Mr Punch to Knart and Hanid, the Shadows, quite small the "when I was thing I most enjoyed doing was swinging on a swing."
fun," "Swinging Is
agreed Hard.
Kuart sald he thought swing- ing was wonderful fun, too. "Only," he added. "you never
think-should he lead toward can go high enough, It's just the queen of clubs. If he does, like flying only you can't go
he will risk losing a diamond | high enough." and a club. He has only one chance and that is to hope that the player who has the fourth diamond, also has the king of clubs,
He, therefore, should lead the fourth diamond. West will have to win the trick and lead either a heart or a club which will give the declarer his contract.
Check Your
Knowledge
Mr Pinch smiled and nodded his head. "That," he said, “wan exactly what I always thought. Swinging on a swing was fine, but I couldn't go high enough. Well, my dears, even though 1 was very small at the time, derided to do something about making swings swing higher,"
Longor Swing
shook his
Trade-Havenga
MATTER TO BE RAISED
IN WASHINGTON
London, July 28.-The South African Finance Minister, Mr Nicolas Havenga, expressed the view today that the United States' gold policy was harming world trade.
A higher gold price, which America opposes, would ease the world dollar crisis, Mr Havenga said in an interview in London.
South Africa, the world's greatest gold producer, wants a higher price, but the American view is that an increase would in effect mean a devaluation of the dollar.
came to Mr Havenga, who London for the Commonwealth economie talks, said he fell that Anserica would sooner or later support a good price increase as off a resort to fend
rose,
UK-Indian Sterling Agreement
fast depression.
"In the meantime," he addedh
is being "International trade allowed to slip back,"
the gold price Commonwealth gold producers such as Australis, South Africa and several colonies, would earn Statement On Terms more dollars.
Also, Britain's
from -acquired
South gold- Africa and elsewhere in current trading would have a renter in-value in America,
In Week's Time New Delhi, July 28-Dr 8, P. Mookerjee, Indian Minister for The present price of gold Is Industry and Supply, sald today of the recent controlled by the International that the results Monetary Fund at US$35 an Indian-British sterling talks in London were *on the whole *ailsfactory and in Ute larger Interests of India"
New York. July 28. Black Bristles with integrity (Roch-pepper futures today sold at an is less self-con- dale Observer) Į ant stal-time Ilgi of $1.24 per
(Miss its impact sciousness between the sexes in stunned by
153 bound, nuine Elizabeth Bowen) The poetry of Australla, and more
The current price compares No rhetorical three flourishes (Minister of Trans-with the last official price ad- "I attribulo this to
A moving and dignified ministration celling of 15 cents causes: the early age at which port).
They a pound for Spot and a range boys and girls go out on dates in roll-call of simple men,
#p_zlX ents in America; the early age at which also serve who only sit and wall of 3 own or to drive cars, and the epic, but more than a catalogue;
nitat, human, dynamic (Baroness Dealers attributed the markei necessibility: and fraternities.
Tuyloon). The humble saga of strength to limited
little-known
as from India, plus the uncertainty heroes "The pastimes of high school such
CROP OF EVILS youth in Australia are more Thumpett, E. P., Toncart, M., and of new supplies from Indonesia,
the domestic canning and Mr Havenga said; "The pre- healthy mentally and physically. Quail, C.J.R. (Manx Guardian)
of fundamental position preserving industry approaches sent ... Irrefutable are
(The Statis- universal here, whereas in Newtician). Not a dull name in the period of heaviest consump- disequilibrium between gold and currencies is breeding a crop York, where tennis foes are high the whole book (Dame Pili don.
of evils. It has caused the grow
in International ing distortion trading relations and the arti
of trade ficial diverslon
"It has caused a black market
Tennis
and
and swimming
bathing benches
fantasticule, T.G.S.). cally overcrowded, these sports Tail-piece
are mite)
wealtiler to the classes. American high school youth have more
pastimes. The cult and fraternity
the survive Australia."
S
offerings
In the Spot market prospec. tive buyers bid up to $1.20 a only limited pound, but found offerings at about four cents a pound higher. Business, how-
ounce.
He said that he had married for love, but could not eat what
unexpected channels. "grown up"
she colled mutton bruth.
(News item). She simply took his broth away.
-(London Express Service)
of sorority would not sunlight of
ever, ruled quiet because of the hot weather.
American dollar.
cannot
into
The terms would be announced
in a week's time, he added.
Dr Mookerjee, who was nd- dressing the Central Advisory Council of Industries here, said that
the Indian Government would welcome foreign capital
cija.
in all currencies, including the for the industrialization of In-
The Action that gold is worth He said that as a matter of only the equivalent of highly policy the Government would Spot while pepper moved up artificial cross rates basex! on take indigenous Industries into to $1.60 per pound.
US$35 an ounce
be its confidence before allowing Prices closed as follow-
10 set up maintained much longer. September
any foreign concern October
convinced that the factories in India but once a American government will foreign concern was allowed to sooner
or later bo forced establish a factory it would be to realise this and agree to a treated in exactly the samo price readjustment on a more realistic basis."
YOUR BIRTHDAY........ By STELLA December
FRIDAY, JULY 29
YOU
must
unes.
this, in
January (1950) March
May Spot
$1.24 Bid
1.12
124 ked Spot White Muntok) 1.80 nominat
United Preas.
1. Why are bananus harvest-simple. I just deckied to make whole world:-- So I looked (Ds actively destructive as you fonality which attracts people; weight-a_record_price_
ed while grren?
manner as any other concern.
The South African Minister He said an expert committee will fo to Washington next hended by Sir Ardeshia Dalal, month and will attend the Director of the steel Arm of And former Indian September meglings of the In- Tains
Wis in- ternational Monetary Fund and Planning Minister, the Worki Bank-
vestigating the decline of capital investment,
TO RAISE ISSUE
of
6:18
DORN today, Punch decided to the his
have sometimes, and wwing to a cloud.
tremendous physi- turn, makes you depressed and
LONDON RISE cal stamina and can Ket pessimistic. tled my
A lot of through
work
moods con- Don't let these more. And then I
London, July 28-The price the Learn to swing to the top of a flagpole." short order. You are the type trol you.
control of pepper went right up. You are,
as a matter "The top who must always be nefive to them. Knart exclaimed:
senle here today, with Singa of a flagpole! That must have be happy. If there is nothing of fact, inclined to be some pore demanding and getting
You will what
superstitious and, if a6/ld. per pound for Black He said he intended to take Kaart and Hanid both asked, been high enough for you. Ma interesting in hand,
Ko out and
guard start something. woman
the matter against Lampong and 8/-d. per pound up formally Punch!" quite eagerly, what he decideri
Consequently, it is important being
by those who
Business was done raising the gold price. for white. Again Mr Punch to do. At this Mr Punch lit his
in Malabar pepper from India Mr Havenga recently told the could be. You have a magnetic per- pipe, took a puff or two, smiled head. "But it wasn't. I wanted that your ideals remain on a "tell fort,
at 085 shillings per hundred- South African Parliament that again and said: "It was very to have the highest swing in thebigh level for you
the price of gold had become anl of both sexes. You have the
problem, the re. I looked at should be constructive.
While the householder is only international talent for mixing many differ-
of which would or failure Impulsive by nature, you ent
measure the success types of people in your vaguely conscious that pepper is settlement the tops of hills, and the tops of.
And finally, one must not let yourself be ruled circle mountains.
International Monetary of acquaintancending costing for more than it ever mou ofternoon, I saw just the place by emotions alone. You have something to interest
did, manufacturers are acutely of the you in where I could tie my swing to
the power to distinguish be- each individual. Be careful in conscious of it and express the Fund.
Readjustment of the gold Hife part opinion that the pepper used to- tween good and bad; right and marriage that your make it the highest swing in the
It was a place wrong. Use it at every turn-
ner understands this type of day in the manufacture of can-price he said, would relieve the crisis by "multiplicity" or ned meat is probably one-third acute world dollar whole world.
the International where no one had ever thoughting in your life and you will emotional
less than in pre-war days. cabling
make " Monetary Fund to reach great heights of accom- there could be trouble ahead, of tying a swing before!"
United Press. plishment. You are interested
realistic revaluation" of many To find what the stars have and are new experiments
national currencies.-Associated In store for tomorrow, select
Press, never too timld to try out
star and read thing to "sce what happens." your birthday
paragraph. corresponding Unless your Judgment is kept the well-balanced and sound, you Let your birthday star be your may be disappointed in results daily guide.
longer wing. So I got a lot
around some more.
2. What seas are connected of rope and a wooden seat and
name
by the Kiel Ship Canal?
3. What Is the official of Persin?
4. What do the initials A. C.
French Debussy, stand for?
coinposer,
then
I looked around for a good high place to
to tie
my swing to. Mr Punch went on, “You see," "the more rope you've got, and the higher the place where you the it to, the higher the swing So the first place I
will go 5. Give the meaning of "chose found was the top of a tall onk jugee"?
..
classical 0. In
mythology who is the god of the sex? (Answers in Column 6)
CROSSWORD
22
Acrom 2. Cricksters would, no doubt. cal1
it underhand us. (7)
Aur
B. They are made to be
mounted, to) 11. Rotated, (4) 12 You wil, and ner in the local
Bors" otca. (4)
13. Quot a small hole would break
up any rope. (4)
14. Wattien portiapa, (4)
15 They have been tipped for man)
A losing bazard, (6)
10. Buttly 7 Vory (3)
17. Utter. (3)
18. This may suggest whisky to the
American. 195
xt. Went for the amphibian. (4)
22 Agreemente. (D)
25. la Busno to proceed 7 (8)
24. it's right on the road. 141
25 Enough to provide a stars ico
(D)
Down Just suspicion, (7) -
Bird that minden OUTILLO victim. (0)
Another bird and got a DOLCH musician. (0) 6. Bilp aWRY, (0)
d. Architecturally a projection of
ene part from another, 17.
de
441
nothing nião ba's a trier, (8)
10 Ite bunit is attadning. Hay
Nothing sweet about our Toas
made up ko this, (?)
19. A case that should contain many
point, 141
go Amineral
you
take
trom
crystal clear. (4)
jution at yesterday'a puzzie-AeroGY) By Refulgent; 9. Trami kla
inrikston) tê, Bes☀ dawaj 14, Mount
Ginint
Februari 10, Tableau: Li, Arad.
tree."
"Oh, and was that good?" Hanid asked.
Mr Punch shook his head, "No. It wasn't high enough for mc. So I looked around some
Rupert & the Arrows-55
"Where was it?" Knarf and Hank wanted to know.
"On a cloud right in the mid- dle of the skyp
"My goodness!" Hanld.
exclaimed
"On a cloud!” cried Knarf. "Oh, I wish I could swing on a cloud, Mr Punch!"
The Cloud This ime Mr Punch shed. "I don't think you would have "You can't liked it," he said. Imagine how much trouble I had tying my rope to ft. And then- Just when it was all tied and I was getting ready to climb the seat do you know what happened?" Knarf
in
ment
on
SATURDAY, JULY 30
Income.
NY FOREIGN
EXCHANGE
Chaing rates July 28.
AQUARIUS (Jan. 21-Feb. LEO (July 24-Aur. 23)--Bo
business pending muderate in all personal and 10) Push
Sign an agreement i Canada (dellar) business affairs. You can avoid deals.
England-amicial advantageous England-30-day futures complications If you are wise it is sufficiently
England-day futures Be astute. in your decisions.
PISCES (Feb. 20-Mar. 21)- Australia (pound) VIRGO (Aug. 24-Sept 22)—.
(pound) New Zealand an unexpected South Africa (pound) with A possible change in employ- If faced Involving 4 major Belgium (franc)
ent is indicated, Make sure situation that you are advancing er in- change, control affairs to your Delgium-tree
Denmark (krone) Jiking your inc
France official creasing
ARIES (Mar. 22-Apr. 20)-France-free LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct 23)-
The ho
home front is your best France-commercial attention More
should pald
See Holland (guilder) field of operation today. Let
Italy-oficial taken and Hanid waited for to matters of the heart.
needs are that family
Italy-export Mr Punch to go on.
romance lead the way today.
Norway (krone) The cloud," he said sadly.
SCORPIO (OCL 24-Nov. 22) chro of now.
TAURUS (Apr.) 21-May 21) Portugal (escudo) Be careful If travelling. Spain (pereta) "Just Balled off. It sailed off-Changes may not all be good Rupert once more trudges up the
Sweden (kron) watch the signs Otherwise, your day should bo of today, so with my swing. It called
Switzerland-free long stope, and as he arriver pants
make declsions
Romance moy Switzerland-unofficin!.. ons a pleasant one. behind the hills and the moun- carefully and ing at the top he apks small Why, it's figure not far away,
be in sight, too. tains. I chased it but I couldn't wisely. and he must
23. (Nov. Bingo," he says.
22-June 22) Then it disappeared SAGITTARIUS
GEMINI (May catch it have found the skis and the sticka
Dec. 22)--Some gains may be An increase In your income Egypt. (pound) over the edge of the sky.
today that left at the foot of the tree.
Maybe" Me Punch noded made
you
In planning your Iran (risit may help
future. Take Hi, Dingo, stop! Look at the
ad Turkey (tira) .................. after a pause; "maybe someone diplomatie. Don't be pushy, marriage present I've brought for you!" The
though.
vantage of opportunity: eln is enjoying my swing now. brainy pup turns in surprise. "Good
CANCER (June, 23-July 23) Maybe a monkey, or a swallow · CAPRICORN (Dec. 23-Jap. gracious. Rupert, what are you playing at? Why didn't you bring
is swinging on it, up and down-20)-1 in merchandising, you Take full advantage of yes- Argentine official higher than any other swing in ear stimulate sales by these kis back yourself?" hè calls. happily and
advertising. the world. But I never got on motional it. I never enjoyed if at all."
The little bear, runs to join him.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED,
BRONCHO BILL
THE SEVENTH FSTECR I'VE LOST BY WOLVES THIS WEEK.
ABE LANGLEY?
GATHER THE SETTLERD'AT MY STORED, AND WE'LL
FIGURE OUT WHAT
TO ·DO ́~
gains this way.
Work for the Rangers
K
WHY, THEM BOY RANGERS CAN PUT AN END TO THIS~ BRE
BRONCHO
Bibl
Rro
OUTWARD MAILS
It had recommended that the
of Government Indin should take carly steps to encourage the. inflow of American and other foreign capital whether on Government-to-Government basis or otherwise.---Reuler.
International
Bank Mission
For Yugoslavia
Washington, July 28-It was announced today that a mission from the International Bankc for Reconstruction and Develop ment would go to Yugoslavia next month to investigato
$00,000,000 application for And
loan,
On Monday, August 1, tha General Post Office and Kow- loon Central Post Office will ones from A.n. to Noon. The other Branch Post Omers from 8 am to 10 am There will be one delivery of Registered and Ordinary Correspondence one collection only from piliar boxe At 10 a.m. The Money Order Oftes wiii be entirely closed.
I hereby notised that all
servicce mall
for Shanghai, Tlestain and North China aro temporarily suspended,
Unless otherwise stated re- and parcel articles gistered posts close 30 minutes caller than the ordinary mail. If i Alis close before 10 ... registered and parcel posts close at 5 p.m. on the previous day. Matisare closed at Kowloon Central Post Once half an hour earlier than tbGF0. closing times,
Friday, July 29
Closing Times By Air. Foochow. Halhow, Swatow, Amoy, Talpet, Chungicing & Chengtu, 336
Japan. p.m.
Manila, Guam, Honolulu, USA & Canada, 8 p.m.
0
ឆត
The mission will study the country's economy in relation to
and the application,
will examine projects to be financed by the loan.
The Yugoslav government re- cently
lonn to requested the finance agricultural mechanisa- ton. Irrigation and drainage, and development of mining metallurgy, rehabilitation of the transport system, improvements- in forestry and an expansion, of the capacity of existing industry and the establishment of now ones-United Press,
US$0.04
4,031/20
4.0074 3.02 3.221
4.02
4.03
0226
.0220
2058
.00-1671 00381
,00371%
3100
00171
.00171
020
.0104
.0015
.3705 .2320 2350
MIDDLE EAST
4.13
p.m.
20129
3375
LATIN AMERICA
2017
.3002
04.24
.0250
.0035
.0220
0150
.1244
Closing Times By Bea
.0580
URA, Canada, Central, and South Spot ..... America via San Francisco (No Par-September
WHEAT-per bushal in cents.
Closing prices July 2
Uruguay (peso) Venezuela (bolivar) ....
3000
cols for Canada), 3 p.m.
3010
:
FAR EAST
2 pm.
India (rupee)
Calcutta, 5 p.m.
December Swalow, Formosa via Keelung, 2March ipsa)"
May moy,
CONN. Spol September
2.05.
2.08
7.07.
2.02-12-
1.41-34
1.8
Pakistan
((rupea),
Itongkong (dollar)
Tamkong via Canton, 5 pm.
| Marcia (1950)
May
RYE
December
Reptember
September
December
Amey,
Argentine unofBelal for advante- Brazil (cruzeira) pro- terday's chances
Business plans should Bolivia boliviano) Minke ment.
Chile-official Cile-free progress very well Indeed.
Colombia (pesa) Moxico (pera) Peru-official
By Harry F. O'Neill Fer-fren
SURE, HONEST ABE, I'LL HAVE MY BOYS
CLEAN OUT THOSIL
KILLERD
Al Parcel Ports for Manila. USA. (Kowloon and Toolutu CPO 4.30 p.m.; (GPO), 5 p.m.
(Printed Ordinary Air Mak
Matters, Samples and Small Packet Posts for Manila, Guam, Honolulu and UBA (Kowloon CPO) 4.30 p.m.; (GPO) 8 13.713..
Halphone and Hanol. B p.m.
3024
3030
2424
.4734
United Press.
am. (ord),
Netherlands East Indies.
Bingapore (dollar)
CHICAGO GRAINS
1.37-1-16 1.39-46 1.20-14
2.03-12-1.53
CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Answers.
Because if they ripen
the trees they lose their aroma,
become tasteless and the
Bangkok, 3 pm..
Parools only for Canada via Van-December couver, B.C., 3 pm.
SATURDAY, JULY 10"
Closing Times By Alt Swalow de Amoy, 136 km. (red):
Manila, 12.30 p.m.
USA and Canada. 2 p.in.
Kwellin, Kunming, CAleutia, Tai- peh, Holbow, Swntow
Chungking and Chengtu, 3.30 p.m.
Bangkok, a p.m.
Closing Tuman Ty Bea Boumbaya and Dalavie, 2 p.m. Japan, a pan.
Manila, Saigon and Marseilles, 3
splits and admits insects, 2. Thep.m. Ballia and North Seas. 3. Iran.
Swatow, 3 pm,
OATE
1.50-134-1
NEW YORK FLOUR-per, 200
Back, 1155 dollars
WINNIPEG" RYE-per, bushel in.
July Fialhow, Pakhol via Hollow and October 4. Claude Achille. d. An issuO | Straita, 3′ p.m.
December mready decided. 0, Neptune." Cerion and Medigascar, B. p.m.
1.
on
akin
centu July
December
October
WINNIPEG BARLEY
141 2.42+16
131
1.09.-
➡Uplied ProsN.
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.