1949-06-01 — Page 1

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Today's Weatherr Moderate. Boulliwosi winding Walr. Neon Observations: Barometrio pressure, 1000.8 mbd., 25.73 In Temperature, 889 dog, F. I sw point, 70 der. F. ¿Relative. Bumidity, 70. Wind direction, SW. Wind farve, 14 kneis, di Low water Bit 6.33 pm, High water: 5. ft. 1 in at (4.02 mm) (Thursday).

Hongkong Telegraph.

VOL. IV. NO. 127

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1949.

HAS BEINFORCEMENTS German Unity Problem

H.K. BOARD

DILWARA

Southampton, May 31.-About 1.500 British. Army reinforcements for Hongkong boarded. the transport Dilwara here today, ready to sail tomorrow.

The draft includes the 27th Anti-Aircraft Regiment, the Royal Atillery, the 119th Light Anti- Aircraft Searchlight. Battery, a squadron of the 3rd Royal Tank Regiment, and Artillery Signals troops and a Royal Army Service Corps transport platoon, with units of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, and Royal Army Pay Corps.

An advance party of the 1st Battalion, the Argyle and Sutherland Highlanders is also travelling. Forty women are also sailing for the Far East in the Dilwers, including members of the Women's Royal Army Corps and nursas: for the Hongkong Naval Hospital. Reuter.

Soviet Envoy To China To See Vyshinsky

Paris, May 31-A Soviet Embassy spokesman said on Tuesday that the Russian Ambassador to China is en route to Paris for talks with Soviet Frogn Minister, Mr Andrei Vyshinsky.

Bald

Ambassador Roschin la com- ing here on a French plans, but the time of his arrival is not yet known, the spokesman

cald the Sources Diplomatie ambassador la bringing with

an up-to-the-minute re him Dorl on China, where the Com- munist forces are closing in on the present seat of the Nation- alist government at Cantón.

:

tho

with the Communist authorities

sinco for the first timo Spring offensive began.

Dynamite Abandoned

Hurled

At Troops Big Four To Turn

BATTLE AT TIN

MINES

La Paz, May 31. Striking minora hurled dynamite sticks from hill- top redoubts; today in e battla with Bolivian troops trying to keep order after tho weekend, of rioting in the Andes tin mines.

A klate of siego has been de- clared through Bolivia follow- ing the strikers' action

| bringing · about what a govern

ment spokesman described

"a state of civil war."

In

and

the

Two thousand strikers about 200 troops were fighting in the area, of the Huanunl The American Ambassador to mine where American Howard

Mr John Leighton Kaller, Superintendent of China, Stuart, was said to have begun mine, was being held as hos- working in Nanking with tage. Communist agency which has) At least 29 persons, including. the job of supervising the affairs two American engineers, have of foreign nationals and

been killed so far. terests in that region,

In-

Mr Stuart is believed to be of the big 6cveral acting for powers.

Attention To

Berlin Issue

The three Western Paris, May 31.-. Foreign Ministers now regard discussion of the German unity problem ended-without ̈progress — and consider that the Council of Foreign Ministers will start discussing the Berlin problem tomorrow, authoritative Western sources said tonight.

Western officials pointed out that this had not been officially stated at today's meet. ing of the Council.

But it was apparent at the end of the session that the Western Foreign Ministers had no further comments to make on either Mr Vyshinsky's proposals or their own, they added,

Two mines and a rullway Mr Boschin has been based

were reported to have been in Canton.

closed in the Catavia area, 15 Information reaching Western

miles away in the high Andes.

All foreign residents in the diplomats here suggests that the

The British Ambassador, Strmine areas were being evacuated Communists Chinese

Intend soon-possibly after the fall of Ralph Stevenson, and his staff to nearby cities.

all were sold to be in close touch

Mr John Fosier Dulles, United Canton-to

Most of the foreigners involved assembly with Mr Stuart. The part Sir Chinese consultative

aro American engineers and States Republican Party foreign work to write Ralph is playing, in establishing their familles they number affairs expert, said after today's cluded to sprovisional constitution for day to day working arrange aftoting, most very good/warle

ments with the Communists,

the children. The government has was done today, but no dedigion by restricted believed

convene

the whole country.

The assembly may also assign

a provisional government to rule hangover both the British and blamed a rightwing nationalist was taken light of today's to ignore the fourth, pariner, to

'al'

of

China pending the formation

permanent regimó. ·

the Chinese Communists feet as opposition revolutionary move-

guns

Royal

elated Press.

a result of the Yangise river ment for the uprising-Ass The diplomats expressed the affair, when Red chore view that Mr Roschin's visit to pounded units of the Paris may be connected with Navy. The informants said the

Alexandria, May 31-Forty the overall question of timing British are still trying hard to Russia's recognition of a new get the Communists to give a thousand

the to

sloop hashish were siezed when ave passage. Communist-led regime in China. safo

that it can sail alleged smugglers were arrested According to the informants, Amethyst so

to Hongkong--Associated today (Tuesday), the police an a representative of the big Wes-back

nounced-Associated Press. tern Powers has made contact Press.

EDITORIAL

Pounds worth of

A Preposterous Alternative RUSSIA, through the garrulous Mr

Vyshinsky, has negatived the Western 'Powers' plan for the unification of Germany, and, while this may not have been unexpected, it serves as yet another dilustration of the Intransigence of the Soviets, and, underscores the, appareat hopelessness of the Four Powers ever -reaching an agreement on this vital Issue. From Mr Vyshinsky's comments, it is not quite clear whether Russia rejects because the Western proposals simply they emanate from the United States, .Britain and France, or because the Kremlin seriously regards them as the detrimental to the interests of German people. But the tone of Mr Vyahinsky's rejection suggests that it is gulded by the first-mentioned influence." What are the fundamental propositions made by the Western Powers? They are summed up in five points: uniâcation of. Germany in accordance with the Bonn constitution; freedom of Individuals to move about their own country, to be free of arbitrary arrest and detention, freedom of speech, Press and, radio, freedom for all democratic political parties, free, elections; an occupation Statute which would permit termination of the military government; Imitation or prohibliion' of certain industries and the delivery of capital equipment as reparations, and no delivery of reparations from "current" production or stock; quadripartite Allied control to be exercised by High Commission. These five points would" strike the ordinary individual as providing an eminent basis for, the structure of a future, unified Germany. But Mr Vyshinsky, as contentious as eyer, argues (a) that the Bonn Constitu tion was not democratically formulated: (b) that the Western Powers do not know the meaning of democracy; (c) that only Xusala” understands that word' and can give it its correct Interpretation, either in

topolitics, law, religion, or human relations. Here we discover the unbridgeable gap Western and Eastern Europe

conception of what is the best method of bringing Germany back into the comity of nations. The Russians refuse to believe that any way of life, other than their own, can bring peace and prosperity to a country. And so insistent, are they about this that the conviction grows that it is not so much they despise the system of the Democracles, as they fear it, bocause it has already achieved so much of benefit to manklad. And this fear blinds them to realities and generates prejudices which are as unreasonable.as they are untenable. The terr, of Soviet propaganda and authoritative declarations by spokesmen such as Mr Molotov and Mr Vyshinsky during the past two years has been abuse of the Western Powers' determination to get on with a job af work in the most practicable way possible. Thus the suspension of reparations from "Western Germany has been described as and capitalistle trick to gain power dominance; the Bonn.Constitution Is derided as being non-representative of the people of Germany (although, of course, the People's Council, engincered and controlled by the Soyleta la just thati); the decision to get the Ruhe' operating to its fullest possible maximum to help Germany once again to become economically, scif supporting, is (con- demned as a Chauvinistic endeavour to make this industrial area a "lucky, dip" French for British, American Gand. monopolles. With such a distorted vision and afate of mind "It is no wonder that Russia can do nothing else than obstruct practical proposals for resolving one of the biggest of the post-war problems. And the Sovieta"; alternativo? A return to the original Four Power control (already proved a fasco) and a Bo-called democratie constitution arrived at by: means of "stuffed""." ballot boxes arul - nominated representatives. The Iden is preposterous, and Me Vyshinsky is certain to be told so before the Paris conference is brought to an abrupt and frulilers

Wend.

The main

Therefore, they expected that unless Mr Vyshinsky asked for further time to discuss German unity the Western Powers would favour going on to discuss item two of the agenda of the Council's four-point agenda- Berlin, including the currency question.

Mr Vyshinsky, denouncing Germany con- agreements on.

the between

three Westen Waware, during the past been concluded so as deliberately 18.month, said that they had,

une Council the eighth since the unree and a half-hour session of the Potsdam agreement...

Concluding, Mé Vyshinsky conference opened on Monday

said that the Soviet Government last was the Western rejection

three Western de mitted to the of the Russian Minister's appeal believed that the proposals sub-

the Council to

to receive

in legation from the Communist-Fowers must be rejected.

Congresa dominated People's

NO IMPOSITION the

Soviet zone

zone of Germany.

Mr The

Western Ministers, Dean Acheson (United States) Mr Ernest Bevin (Britain) and M. Robert Schuman (France) all rejected it on the grounds that the delegation would not be of the German representative people.

At today's meeting of the Foreign Ministers, Mr Vyshinsky spoke for two and a half hours, repeating his rejection of the Joint Western plan for German unity based on the Bonn Con- stitution.

M. Schuman said that past experience of the result of pre- Counci vlous meetings of the provided "some historical re minders" of the application of the principle of unanimity, ac- cording to authoritative British confererice sources.

He said, "We have given the Germans an opportunity to gain unity under Aliled control with have increased power and we invited the Soviet Government to join us in this.

"We have neither the power of imposing or the intention

the Soviet Go- decisions on vernment."..

It

VYSHINSKY'S COMPLAINT *Astacking the Western - Oc- cupation Statute, Mr Vyahinsky

M. Schuman added that said that it contained no ilme

an Mr Vyshinsky was so anxious for limit and

provided

atly to achieve a peace treaty, how indefinite and

could he hope to achieve it i lengthy

ion of occupa Mr Vyshinsky quoted Field-be would not agree to any in-

termediary stage? Marshal Lord”. Montgomery, Western Union Defence Chief, To support his appeal for the as having said in 1946 that the reception of a German dolega- occupation of Germany should tion, Mr Vyshinsky read to the Council a telegram from the last 10 years.

Qerman People's

10-

Communist Areas of Control

OUTER MONGOLIA

PEPING JAM 22,749

TSNAH: SEPT. 25.18

|| HANKOW

MAY 17,49

STIRNISING JABK IKED

- PENGPLA JAN,16,29]

CHANGSHA) Kwery ang

Dino.

For

the

P.G.

Reservations

Price 20 Centr

Reds Coming

South:

SES O

HANKING APR 23,19

SHANGHAI MAY 25,"19)

HANGCHOW

MAY 3,39

Wenchaw

Foochew

CHINA

HONGKONG

JAPAN

Naha OKINAWA

FORMOSA

AD

300 STATUTE MAJES

Map details, the southward progress of China's Communist forces which captured Shanghal on May 25, largest city of Asin. Using captured Manchuria as a springboard, Red armies have pushed con stantly.. southward since campaign started seven months ago. Shaded areas show approximate ter- ritory now controlled by Chinese Communists. Boxes list dates on which cities were captured by Reda. Soviet Russian territory and areas in con-

trol-of USSR are in black—AP Picturę.

Serious Labour Troubles In England

London, May 31.-The tide of unrest· which has brought Britain into the most serious labour situation since the war tonight threatened to engulf new sections of industry.

Trade union leaders, employers and Government officials were seeking to hold in check a series of unofficial strikes and "go slow" movements.

The latest reports showed: On the State-run Railways, 2,600 workers are refusing to do

overtime on plecework in a "go slow" tactics at two of the coun- try's key freight depols-Nine Elms near Londen, and London Road

Manchester.

In the docks, 4,700 men are on

General Dwight Eisenhower,

This telegram stated, ho Mr. Vyshinsky sald, had stated in the same year that it would bird Congress of the German strike at Avonmouth, Bristol and people allerded by over two Liverpool because of attempts quoted bo a lengthy perled. He

to discharge cargoes, from Canu-' General Lucius Clay, former thousand delegates elected from

dian vessels manned by crows of whole of Germany has American Military Governor of the

the Seafarers' International elected

of a delegation Germany, as putting it at 15 to cle 20 years and General Pietre presentatives of all parties and Union.

At the great Ford motor sc Keente French Military Gover of all democratie organisationsry, on the castern outskirts of

as well as representatives of London, 2,000 mon nor at 50 or 60 years,

have been Ho contrasted these state-

cultural life to submit the suspended because ther had be ments with the fact that the|Gorinan peace proposala. it gun a "go slow” movement. Occupation Statute contained no "We bog to be informed Ume, Umit.

when this delegation can be re-.

NOT SUITABLE TIME

MASS RALLY ----- Officials of the Railway "This Occupation Statuteceived,"

Executive and railway union not in the interests of the Ger

leaders mot today, to consider man poople. Their true interest

the North-East England "Sun- Iles in the conclusion of a peaco

||Me Acheson," Mr Bevin and days only unofficial strike trealy," Mr Vyshinsky Bald M. Schuman indicated that which again disorganised weak-

Statute Occupation Tho obstructed the conclusion of a they did not think that this end trafic.

{was" a ̧ sultable time to receive praco treaty,

THIS ANSWER

The London district of thu Railwaymen, a German delegation, authori-National Union of

40,000 workers, ¡tativo" conference · sources, ro- Mr Bevin had said the day

to hold a mass ported.

today before yesterday, "What can you

M. Schuman said that per- rally. .on wage claims of 10 suggest. In place of the Occupa»

shillings dak haps

weekly lion Statute

but the

Later that the

annouecutivo húnd ugreed', to

they could discuss the To that Mr Vyshinsky sald question when they reached National Union of Hallwaymen

three of the agenda. the answer was, "Why won it Item necessary to make any substitu- This team deals with prepara-way

tion for a German peace treaty, negotiate on the union's claims, tion for the peace treaty."

Mr Bevin The Soviet delegation had suggested that peace treaty they had dealt only should be drafted

In 1947.

and had

aald that they would

་.

gold that Aitherto and alternative 'pro- |

governmente

The Foreign have reached · ឈ

with

Ministère had

Executive have hitherto "If that suggestion had been

decision among refused to begin talks until the carried out we would avoided the situation which Mr themselves. Until they did he union's present claims were Bevin thinks calls for the Oc-thouzlit it was unwise to begin withdrawn

The National Union of Rail hearing delegationk. There were]''- cupation Blatute." ;;;

Germans in the waymen appealed to Manchester The Statute attempted to 4,000,000

Mr Bevin sald and Nine Elms of workers: to complete the split of Germany Western zones, which had occurred as a result they had asked to send resuma normal working so that of action of the three Western delegations at this time he the negotiations win endt bo

Thats a

27880

U.S. Shuts Down Mukden Consulate

Washington, May 81.--

The United States Stata Department has ordered the Closing of its consulato at Mukden; Manchuria, which the Communists have kept Vienlated from the outside" world for the last six 'months.

The State Department nid on Tuesday that orders havo: bèćn issued for the recall of Consul General Angus Ward, Mrs Ward and the consular staff of ning persone.

Mr Ward was deprived of his radio communications whan the Chinese Communists cap. sured the city last November. Since then, he has been unable to communicate with the State Department or other "Amerienn

onsulates in the Orient

He was kept at his post, however, in the vain hope that he might be able to establish a working relationship with the rich Communists running the. Chinese province where Soviet Russia has carved out a special sphere of infiucace.

MAY NOT HAVE HEARD

Orders for the consulato closing were issued two weeks ago: The Department was "still" without word on Tuesday whe- ' ther Me Ward · has received them.

The State Department sold In a statement that the closing was ordered in view. of the "arbitrary restrictions imposed on the consulate and a fullure of repeated efforts to permit.. the pificials from eprrying on normal funcilons in accordance with

international.

practice.

It added that

at communications for the consulate remained-ett oven after ordinary. null, and telegraph facilities for

others were restored between. Mukden and North China' cities.

Officials made. it plain that American official reposentatives will be retained for the time? being in other Chinese clules by the Communists, conquered including Nanking, Pelping and Tientsin. This is in accord with a decision to carry on necessary relations with

with the Communista as far as practicable.

Meanwhile, the State Depart- ment is, trying to arrange with Russia to send a replacement for Consul Paul F. Paddock, Jr. who is largely isolated at Dalten, Soviet-administered port city of Manchuria.

Mr Leonard Lee Bata

member of the Embassy staff at Nanking, has been waling since February 23 for Soviet permis- sion to go to Dairen by way of Viadivostok, the only routo now available.-Associated Press.

WHITBREAD

THE SUPERB LIGHT BEER

Powers in the Jan 18 months would have taken the same line. prejudiced 2/7 Sole Agents A

(Continued on, Page 3) but (Continued on Fags By although it began in 1940, cz).

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