1949-03-14 — Page 4

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, MARCH 14, 1949. -

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Produced by 20

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From the great novel by RACHEL FIELD

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World Copyright.

AMERICANS CAN'T AFFORD TO BE ILL

A

N

By PEGGY MANN

21-year-old American writer

American business they have anvinge set naide man, returning from a In ease of illness. Neces- quick trip to Britain, was nary operations nre often asked what he thought of put off with ሲ worrled the country. "All weeping shrug: "Can't afford it and wailing und nationalisa- now." That visit to the tion of teeth," he replied. doctor is indefinitely post- poned: doctors bills fre If he had spent a fort feared by low income fami- night in London's St Mary's lies almost as much as ill- Hospital, as I have, he would news. hold different vlows.

WILA.

In the United States ade- After my mother had quate medical attention is been in hospital for two given to those who can months the family afford it, but a serious - forced to move to a smaller nesa spolla disaster unless flat. there is suficient money in the bank.

J

My great aunt, who lives Young people contemplat on mengre savings, spent ing marriage are cautioned fourteen months in a "free" She will be to wait a year or two until public ward.

meeting her hospital debt for the next ten years. Two weeks in an American hos- pital wiped out my savings of a year.

The Hongkong Telegraph presents today the first in- stalment of a moving and tragic human document— the autobiography of a Communist whose dreams were shattered by the Kremlin's abuse of power

LOST ILLUSION

By FREDA UTLEY.

FIRST

visited

【ANCHESTER

born

Soviet M Freda Ulley was a col-

Russia in 1927, when Lenin's "New Economic Policy" was still in force and Trotsky not yet exited, although he had been climi- nated from the political scene. The people were en- of pros- joying a mensure perity and liberty unknown There three years later. was still

' semi-socialist. society, but signs of de- generation were perceptible.

wHu

lege radical who became au ardent Communist. She married 4 Russian,

and went to live in

Soviet Union. prepared to throw In her lot with the people. But six years of fe under Stalin's totâiltarian regime completely disillusioned her. In this, her life story, she tells why.

спе

Educated at King's College and the London School of Economics, London Univer- sity. Fred Utley was at en ume correspondent in Japan for the Manchester Guar dian, and later correspon- dent in China for the News- Cluronicle, She has written 3 number of books, the best known being "Japan's Feet Of Clay."

But I did not see them. As a delegate, an enthusias- tic and youthful Communist recently emerged from the chrysalis of the British La- bour Party, I believed all I was told.

I was without experience of a police state for me to nccept the Soviet re- to teach me that, no one in gline once I came to know It

Intimately, Russia would dare speak his mind-to-a-foreigner.-

I was, in Stalinist phraseo- logy, a "rulten liberal," a "petty

་་

It is in middle age that one bourgeols intellectual" www one sees how the influences of youth who foolishly desired social have determined the course of justice, freedom and equality,

In life. These influences my and imagine socialism meant an case were both socialist and end to oppression and Injustice,

Alberal.

A passion for emancipation of

suclely or mystical yearning to merge in a fellowship, led me

to enter the Soviet Union nud

my

Utley, at 10.

influence over the was dem" which, I had learned to profound, and he early implant think, was the causa of all ed in my mind those libertarian social injuslico. values which have consciously

or unconsciously motivated my

W:5

A favourite

not

Thus conditioned to paying for medlent services, I asked, on my discharge from St. Mary's How- pital, how much I owed. The Sister seemed surprised. "Why, nothing nl all she said.

Doctors, medicine, nursing care, excellent food for a fort- night, a hospital bed, continued treatment as an out-pallent, were all, incredibly, free.

or

There пте free wards Amerten, too, but they ara Kenerally regarded as "kill 'em Our scholarships were

clinics.") So cure 'em

10st sufficient for us to live, on, 50 my brother and I gave English sacrifice to have private or semi- Americans make great financial lessons to foreigners.

You the My private hospital rooms. of the brather taught at the Czecho-nursing care I received in Lon life. His socialism was colour-. headmistress, who imagined I slovak Legation, and I taught don for surpassed any I have éd and humanised by the nine- was going to reflect glory on employees of the Soviet Trade teenth century

the school by future nendemic Delegation. liberat atmos-

distinction, but in the end did phere.

more to awaken my budding revolutionary outlook than any- one else.

The early influences which shaped my thoughts and feelings thus were essentially liberal, based on belief la reason anci logic and desire for the eman- cipation of mankind in body and spirit.

Into The World

THEN wor came in

•

Then I met Boris Plavnik, an exiled Old Bolshevik to whom Communist theory was the breath of life. He was honest and sincere, though extremely vain.

known in an American privato room, with hospital expenses averaging £2 a day.

American nurses I have met have been the "Miss Bedpan" variety-brisk, busy and brittle. One greeted me every morning with: "Well, not dead yet?" An- other, more cheerful, paid fur Plavnik was most hurmang. more attention to my mule visi- 1914 and later in Moscow he sanktors than she did to me. father was ruined. I was 16 more and more into his shell, and had passed Cambridge I failed in my youth to per- Univercity's entrance examina- ing to condemn outright,

de analile to defend, but unwill- Still another belonged to sonie

the religious sect. I awoke the mor eive that Communism is a sub- tion. Airs Burton Brown, the atrocities committed by Stalin. ning after my operation to find a stitute for religion, and is essen-

headmistress, still thinking He would not let himself face tract on my bed-table, with the fiatly irrational in its mystical would win Layrels for the belief in Inevitable progress school,

the fact that the revolutionary title in large black letters: gave me a year's free movement had failed and de- "What If You Had Died In the through revolution. Perhaps, tulti

tultion Soo11 it became clear I

Night?" In my case the instinctive de- should

generated into tyranny. not be able to go to

American nurses are best ap- sire for a religion was the con- the University, because father

preciated after an illness. British pelling force leading me, step was dying of tuberculosis and

nurses impressed me

ns being by step, into the Communist I should have to start earning

young

and attractive, efficient, cheerful, human,"

trap.

When wan 11, I went to aboarding school un

Lake Ceneva, Those two years ira French Switzerland

muncy,

Then the headmistress made it clear my presence was no desirett Inglead She among longer

off, as no longer of Cerman girls, were the happiest cast me

to the of my life; the four succeeding any interest or value years at a boarding school in school. She let it be known 1 free and school was in the England the most unhappy.

my people were destitute.

"My brother was in the army, father was so ill we knew he would soon die. At 17 I left school, the school.

to leave it six years later with Edward Averling, son-in-law all. my political beliefs and my of Karl Marx and translator of personal happiness alike.

Against The Code

T

Swiss the

Us

I

Plavalk was lucky enough to go into an Insane asylum just before the great purge began.

Turning Point

in

And if it's home nursing that

daily cost is wanted, the America is around £3.

arc

Then medicines. They not free, as in Britain now. So often the prescription stays in the bureau drawer.

Sa passionate defender of the Soviet Union, I was the speaker, in a college debate on Russia, with H. N. Brailsford.

Bellain's idea of free convalen- Our opponents were

C. H.

H. cent homes, spanning the period Driver, n

n fellow history student, between hospital and health, is later a Professor at Yale, and entirely unknown in America: Sir Bernard, Pares, When next Only the rich can afford the I met Pares 12 years later, hetime and expense of adequate had become the defender of the convalescent care. USSR and I was back in Eng-

dating Stalin's Rusalo, but holding my tongue for my hus- band's sake,

*

for

atmosphere wns studious, I began to find the world as tolerant, kindly and healthy friendly, and decent as I had We skated, skied, and tabus thought it when in Switzerland,

Another impressive factor of ganed in winter: bathed in

13 My mother, daughter of

Lake

the British medical system I The General Strike of 1920 that it covers everything, "Na- Geneva, and rowed and travelled in France mankind, rather than a planned radient Manchester family, met walked in the summer. Sport Italy with my parents, once

work at the War began to father.

was the turning point of William Herbert Wa

mytionalisation. of teeth," was regarded as pleasure, not a

Office. The workere

were political development. The be-instance, would be welcomed by duty, and study-read hard friendly, kind, and pleasant trayal of high hopes by

the Americans,

who often pay study-was demanded

people. I even learned to laugh. Trade Union Congress and the through the nose aa well 115 Father died in January 1918. Labour Party led me

me into the through the mouth. Mother and I lived on about Communist fold.

It seemed

med Ride la an American subway; In that period of shattered "Das Kapital," brought him to

my life, US$11.00 a week I was earning there was no salution for un alt in an American library. You grandfather's house. My mixing with English, Germans,

the War Office. With rent of employment and low wages un-will certainly see someone hold- at the French, grandfather, tough

and Swiss,

$3.00 a week and war prices der capitalism, and only the in

ing a newspaper close to his nationalities, geols,"

was a other a manufacturer,

speaking

for food, we were sometimes overthrow of the capitalist duent French and German, I

list nose--someone who needs spec- free-thlaker and republican,

of hungry. My brother, transferred system and the "unity of

the tacles but who cannot afford and boasted how his wife's was little aware

to France in 1918, was wounded workers of the world"

could them. Under the British Health mother, old and very Ill hd the barriers. 1 naturally developed for the second time but by 1910

save humanity.

Plan opticians can concern. he was with us and life be- great Chartist leader, Feagus an international outlook.

themselves solely with a patient's Greek history. French re- O'Conner, in her bed when the

came a little coster.

ability to see rather than ability volutionary #terature I read in the, police searched childhood, and English nine for him. teenth-century poets of freedom.

Early Influences

came to Communism

I

came,

via

Influenced

my

"bour-

italions

Switzerland, From

I plunged into the frigid, men- tality-destroying atmosphere of an English boarding school for My mother secretly married girls. There was no hazing or Continental

but father in London antall my

against physical brutality,

was

the house

A Scholarship

the My

Enda rocial-

by a happy

1st father,

and

education. For

A

there me, then, the the wishes of my grandfather, was mental, or social, bullying Communist ideal seemed

father was then editorial of the worst kind.

fulfilment of the age-long strug gle of mankind for freedom and Justice.

My studies of ancient history and modern economics made me abhur servitude

My father had taken part in

I was invested with degree the day the Strike was called off.

my MA General

RS

A year later I was invited to visit the Soviet Union

of the Labour My father's teachings and my representative

17 Contmental education pre- and Socialist clubs in British vented me from becoming a "war universities. patriot." I never thought of the

to pay.

The British Health Service does away with many of the illa of American medical practice.

America may be envied in Britain as the land of the full larder, but you may be sure that Americans, in turn, envy the British freedom from finan cial fear in illness.

'radical Intellectual than with some understanding of

And it Britons should feel Bolshevik theory in the articles some resentment at the hospital I had written. I intended to hospitality extended to foreign Join the Party when I return non-contributors, they may be cd, for the propaganda effect assured that for the relatively would be greater if I became a

low expenditure involved, the country

is gaining

☐ valuable member after I visited Russia.

Invisible export.

Britain is showing, without

writer and music critic on tha London Star, the most famous The greatest offences against Germany, among whom I had I was regarded a promising

the social code were liberal newspaper of the time.

to study been at school from the age of young hard or to show nay originally 11 to 13, as any worse In dress or behaviour.

the English.

the code In any form, the great labour struggles of My sins against

At the War Office I became and the Communists seemed to the late eighties · and early were at first unconscious, then branch secretary of the Asso-

spirit of re- ciation of Women Clerks be the only socialists who really nineties. He had spoken belleved in world-wide equality the same platform as Friedrich belllon now, for the first time. Secretarica, Through this union

awakened. Dimiy Engels in Manchester. Half a had been

I obtained, in 1920, a scholar- and liberty.

London. University, century later I was to find my began to feel that the social chip at

and Yet the same influences which father's name on documents in hierarchy

code which where my brother Temple was .turned my hopes towards Rus- the library of the Marx Engels governed

our

-were enrolled on a grant from an school sla were to make it Impossible Institute in Moscow..

precisely that "capitalism sys- officers' fund..

from deliberate.

NANCY

Skirting Danger

LET ME

OH.

THANK

YOU'RE VERY POLITE

CARRY

YER PACKAGE,

MAM

YOU

OH, IT AIN'T

DAT..

The

and

By Ernio Bushmiller

I JUST

DON'T

LIKE

SNOW-

(Copyright To Be Continued Tomorrow).

fuss or fanfare, a great example to other countries in her social achievement.

BALLS

JAH-10-

bif

INSECT SPRAY

WITH ODI

When there's bif

Ineedn't use my fist!

SURE KILL

SOLFAGENTSI NAN KANG CO, UNION BLOGH F.

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