1949-03-09 — Page 1

PANDIT NEHRU

Coca-Cola

KARENS IN

CONTROL

・For the Proprietor of “

HONGKONG TELEGRAFII. For and on behalf of

SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, LTD,

Publisher

The

Today's Weather: Moderate East or Boutheast winda: cloudy. with bright Intervali; morning drizzle or for in the chsiern part of the area tomorrow; milld.

Noon/1 p.m. Observation Barometriy pressure, 1015.3 subs., 29.08 in, Temperature, 71,2 deg. F. Dew point, 24 der. F. Rela- tive humidity. 77. Wind direction, East Wind force, 14 knols.

High water: 9 ft. 4 in. at 3.28 p.m. Low water: 1 I. 7 in. - at 12.40

Dino

At the

Hongkong Telegraph.9

VOL. IV NO. 56 ·

Burma Govt. Faces Grave Situation

London, Mar. 8.—Reports from Burma said today that Premier Thakin Nu's Gov-| | ernment apparently has lost control throughout the country excepting a 12-mile radius around Rangoon.

WEDNESDAY, MARCH 9, 1949.

India To Leave 3 Candidates

The British Commonwealth

SEVERING TIES SOON

DECLARES NEHRU .

New Delhi, Mar. 8.-The Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, said today that India will sever her Commonwealth ties and become an independent. Republic "within the next few months."

During a Parliamentary debate of foreign affairs, Mr Nehru declared that India would nut commit herself to future military or poli- tical alliances but would pursue the role of a world peace-maker. He said that for this reason, India would soon end her Common- wealth relations and become an independent Republic upon the adoption of the new con- stitution.

Premier Nehru maintained that the supreme question now facing India and the world was how to avoid another global war. He said if India is kept clear of alliances, it would be best fitted to play

the part in AL avoidance of war as the "meeting

of ground the East and West,"

Serious Turn

In W. Hunan

Draslíc censorship was said to be preventing detailed reports but the headquarters offices of the British interests in Burma received messages relayed from India which indicated strongly that the initiative is now in the hands of the Karens ar other Shanghai, Mar. 9. The Insurgent gratips.

three-weeks old rebellion in The Headquarters of the Bur-Went Hunan Province, where #

force of come 10,000

is now in the hands of the in- surgents.

Several

•Britishi

Revolt

discon-

to

Including the Steel Brothers.senal is located to Chinese

Therefore, the Prime Minis- ter avowed that Indir in the future would" bind herself with other nations only for the pur- pose of consultation and co- operation

реасс.

in the interests of

"We will not. Interfere with other peoples and we will resist all interferences in our affairs. India will not become part of theworld manoeuvring

for

.

mah Oil Company said reports tented elements, aided by troop future war." indicated that Yenungyaung, deserters,

attempting nre

Premier Nehru told Parlia chief oil town in Central Burma, | overthrow Generat Clictl

representatives that Chlen's Provincial Government, mentary look serious turn during the India and Asia, unlike Europe, 48 hours with the rebels had no legacy of conflicts und past companies, capturing Yenki, where an ar-old injuries and therefore were

and attacking well able

to play 'the peace- Yunnling,

muaker role. "En our external today. reports

a our internal These two cities are probably potley as well the Inrgest in West Hunan,

political and economic policies, The Nationalist-authorities of we do not accept anything which said the province, who recently rush- that additional donger to Burina ed all regular troops northward in the slightest degree may mean was developing on the Siamese to bolster the Yongise river de- dependence upon any

said which

to have sent an authority." border

completely fences, are in under the control of the Com-urgent request to Nanking for munist insurgents.

Burma's biggest industrial group, to have chartered were sold .airplanes to fly their British

staff to Calcutta,

Uncensored dispatches

outside

reinforcements.

However, Mr Nehru Bald The rebels, whose weapons this did not mean that India British Foreign Office sources range from pitchforks to cope had any intention of withdraw- said that Premier Thakin Nutured machineguns, are reporteding from the United Nations. had sent a "negative reply" to to have no political background. "We are prepared to associate

other

countries the Commonwealth governments' Their revolt is said to be promp-with

conciliatlonted solely by a desire for poli-friendly way suggestion that a mission yhe sont lo Burmitical and economic reforma United Nations United Fress,

EDITORIAL

Neuter.

United Press.

Those Sinister Confessions THungarian. The Bulgation confes

Bulgarian trials

n

the follow

sequence

H

or

in

П

and within the

structure."

For China's Premiership

Nanking, Mar. 9-Acting President LI Tsung-Jen will choose between three candidates when he makes his final cholee for the Premierullo, saurces close to the President told Reu- ters this morning.

The candidates are sald to be: firstly, Dr Ku Meng- yu,

former Kuomintang Minister · of Communications who had declined to accept Premiership

the

In

Deputy

Dr Wong Wen-hao's cabluet; secondly, Gen

General Ilo Ying-chin, leader of the Whompos Military Academy clique In Army and the Kuomintang: and thirdly, Marshal Yeu

al-tinti, Governor

of Taiyuan and defender of this Important besieged Nationalist city in North China.

спл-

Ku-yen, *

Another probable didate, according to Reuter Bources, i afd to be Pro: felnor Chen prominent Legislator who Important taking an part in the movement to reduce the next Cabinet to eight portfolios and two Commissions.

Tho

Land

oľ

try

Bresent

of une

portfoilos Administration

and Health ahould be incorporated in the Mini-

of the

Interior, the Audit portfelio incorporated In the Trealdent's Office and the Ministry of Food In the Fluance Ministry. according

Professor to Chen's plans. Reuter- AAP.

211

The King To Undergo An Operation

Not Dangerous Says Bulletin

London, Mar. 8.-King George VI is to undergo an operation to improve the blood supply to his right foot, it was officially 'an- nounced tonight.

The announcement, made in a Bucking- ham Palace bulletin signed by six doctors, stated that the operation would be performed at an early date. The official announcement added that the King's, general health was excellent.

It is understood the operation is not dan gerous. It involves an incision on the right side to cut the nerves controlling the blood supply to the foot.

fn the left leg the flow of blood of has been restored in the main arteries to a satisfactory degree. In the right leg the main artery

lumbar

Reservations -

Price 20 Cents

KING GEORGE VI

Baldwin To

Return To Leeward Is.

HAS TALK WITH

Tal: 27880

Prison For 13 Pastors

FOUR TO SERVE LIFE TERMS

Sofia, Mar. 8.----Four Protestant pastors wero sentenced to life imprison- ment for espionage. Nine others were given terms ranging from five to 15. years. Two were released on parole.

Tho Sofia üistrict court. where the 15 ministers had been on trial since February 25 on charges of treason. espionage and black market- jing, did not invoke the death

penalty in any case."

Judge Constantino Undjiev, preskiing justice of the three-

man

court, after reading the sentences, commented that all countries have the death penalty for espionage but the court was lentent because of "your sincera confession.."

SATISFIED

MR ATTLEE

All defendants announced London, Mar. 8.-Earl

that they were satisfied with Baldwin, Governor of the the. verdlets and sentences. The expressed Leeward Islands, is going, prosecution

sympathectomy sugar colony.

on the

performed would be right side. The King has ac-

advice cepted this

and the operation will be performed at an early date."-Reuter,

NOTHING TO-ALARM --

the

Also

The decision to operate docs | is still obstructed and the clrcu- not indicate any sudden develop-tation is being carried on, less ment In the King's condition, a efficiently than in the left leg, Court reporter stated tonight, through a collateral circulation. There is no cause for alarm "With a view to improving back-in spite of the indig-satisfaction with the outcome of over the King's condition. the blood supply to the right

mass trial. rule official The

text of the off

Under the Bulgarian law, the an- foot, and to safeguard this for nant criticism of his

future, we have advised from the "upper crust" of sentences went into effect ot nouncement read: "The King's the health continues to be excellent. His Majesty that the operation society in the tiny British once. If either side had been dissatisfied it could have op- Court. pealed to the Supremo The sentences wers handed down under a complex system of

against varying charges

They defendants. overlapped and duplicated in separate many cases with regard to pri- son terms, fines and deprivatiori of civil rights for various periods.

The heaviest sentences went to the four pastors labelled by as the leading the prosecution

Their United defendants.

composite sentences, allowing for overlap- A period of complete restcers of the Royal Navy and pings and duplications, were life was essential before an opera- British officials and politicians, imprisonment. Anes of 1,000,000

(US$3,500) In expects to leave for Govern- leva

Bao Dai Signs Franco-Vietnam Agreement

UNITY AND INDEPENDENCE WITH FRENCH UNION

Paris; Mar. 8.-The-President of-the- French Republic, M. Vincent 'Auriol, and the ex-Emperor of Annam, Bao Dai, today. formally signed an agreement proclaiming the unity and independence of Vietnam in the framework of the French Union.

After the ceremony, which took place in the President's Office, Bao Dai announced that he would leave for Saigon on April 25 as head of the new State of Vietnam.

Court

pources, emphasising tonight that there is no cause of any kind for alarm, said that ever since the King's illness the doctors was diagnosed have had the possibility of an operation in mind

tion could be contemplated

The loquacious, prankish son of Stanley Baldwin, pic- war Conservative leader and, a former Premier, saw tho Prime Minister, Mr Clement Attlee, today, and came out smilling.

"Matters have been softled to our mutual satisfaction," he told Reuters after the Inter-

view.

The man, who has been ad- cused of Insulting States air base personnel, of.

day.

and loss of

THOSE SENTENCED These

order to prepare the collateral ment House, Antigua, on. Fri- civil rights forever. arteries--the group of small arteries surounding

main

the

artery to take up the strain of the extra blood flow to the foot.

four were: Vassit THREE INTERVIEWS

Georgiev Zyapkov, 48, Con- Authur Creech Jones, was pre- Ivanov, 48, Methodist; Nikola The Colonial Secretary, Megregational; Yanko Nikolov sent when Earl Baldwin went Mikhailov Naumov, 49, Baptist; It was understood that

the

to No. 10. Downing Street, the and Georgi Nicolov operation will take place dur-

Chernov, 40, ing-the-next-week.- possibly at Premier's official residence. Lord Pentecost..

Set: Lambel Lumbar Baldwin had had three inter-

Other sentences were: Palace. Buckingham

views with the Colonial Secre- Marinov It 19

Mishkov 41. Con- sympathectomy, though

tary since his recall to London gregational, 15 years; Georgi not a common operation, is a

"for consultations" a month ago. Nicoloy Vassey, 40, Baptist, 15 technique well-known denling with diseases of the yesterday that it was clear that, 44, Baptist 10 years; Zahori A despatch from Antigua said years: Ivan Angelo Stankulov, arterial obstruction. The opera-whatever decision the Govern Spassov Raychev, 60, Baptist,

tion is a

for

of

a comparatively new ment took on Lord Baldwin's 10 years. Mitko

Mettev development of the sur

surgery

future, many people in the Dimitrov, 30, Church of Christ, the nervous system, which was

and first

eight months: performed Leeward Islands would be dis-six-years successfully

pleased. about 20 or 25 years ago.

Haralan Vanov Popov, 41, Pente- Local labour organisations It is by no means a dangerous

cast, 15 years; Fravico Ivanov, operation, according to high were pressing strongly for the Bezlov, 28, Methodist, 15 years; Alexander Georgiev return of a Governor they re-and medical authorities, and in most cases the patient need remain garded as their champlon against Zahariev, 74. Methodist, and

of under

the for not the "tyranny the nnnesthetic

sugar Georgiev Dinev, 40, Pentecost,

werd released barons."

parole. more than 30 minutes.

(Continued on Page 5). United Press,

He

The said today's agreement

Vietnam State woule was the detailed development have a common currency with of a draft

the rest of Indo-China, that is, signed aboard

The operation consist of a French cruiser last June and with Cambodia and Laos, and superseded all treatles

small Incision in the skin of the signed a common customs zone.

con- France and

2.The Indo-Chinese pinstre | ride to enable the nerve "my

would come within the French trolling the blood supply to the fool to be cut. This results in and social franc area. would be introduced

between ancestors."

Major economic reforms

3-French citizens would bo

to raise the living standards of able to settle and invest money the people in Indo-China, he freely in Vietnam.

addd.

a dilation of the blood channels subsequent relief of the and condition by effecting a greater 4.The Vietnam State would blood flow through

the small

The agreement took the form have its own d'plomatic repre-collateral arteries-Reuter. of an exchange of letters be-sentatives In China, Slam and tween them as a basis for the the Vatican. future relation of the two coun-

though of this there 1 no reliable evidence. It is almost certainly-for of this. there is evidence-something like slow psychological torture. For this, among others, we have a wliness, Peter Koer, one of the Bulgarian agrarian lenders. He was

trics. arrested in July, 1946 and held for three months; he "confess- ed" and was of

released: later he was re-arrested. His fate Is unknown. But during his release he made a signed statement. He was kept hungry for three weeks: only a little bread and water each day. Then "interrogated" for five days. An hour's questioning at a time while he stood handcuffed without food or water.

Was

sions follow the Hungarian. There nothing either strange or abnormal in the confession of guilt by an accused man. There is nothing strange abnormal in the recantation of views But previously enthusiastically held. there is something strange, abnormal, even sinister about this trials and confessions in the Soviet Union and its associated countries. It single is the endless repetition of a pattern. The accused men are arrested. They are held in prison several weeks without any communication with the outer world. Then they are brought to trial fa

"On the fifth day I collapsed and blaze of well organised publicity. They confess. And their taken back 40 my cell: You reach a state ⚫confessions are always of precisely the of utter physical and' moral' collapse.

Government

indifferent You become completely character required by the for political and propaganda purposes, towards your own life and fate, you tong A thing credible once or twice becomes. only for the end, any end, which will Incredible when repented a score of

This bring reprlove from suffering." tities, The colneldence is beyond belief. may well be an explanation of the "con- of fessions," of "nccomplices," hinta The precise adaptation of confessional supply to propaganda demand creates an which Koey speaks "that your family has inescapable impression of planning.

been arrested and will be tortured.” What seems entirely certain is that theso convenient confessiona

direct are the outcome of Home experienco undergone behind prison walls. They may not Be In every single case entirely false. For It may be admitted that there is far maro trenchery among Communists than in more healthy societies. But the confes. slons are in such clrcumstances at least as ilkely to be fal e as true. They are utterly valueless, as evidence of anything.

It

it

is the uniformity which is so puzzling, so sinister. This is something which could happen.occasionally. But it is beyond credibility or even credulity "that should happen every time. The con- clusion. is inescapable. Something happens to these men in prison which breaks their will and morale, makes them ready to say almost anything required of them yet leaves no physical tracca. It may be the administration of drugs

*ས་

ASSEMBLY DEBATE

TO HAVE OWN ARMY

5. The Vietnam State would have its own army, but the Franch Union forces of the

The French Government has would be able to move freely ixed March 11 for a debate on jon Vietnam territory and Indo-China, where France has France would hold strategiè been intermittently, fighting the bases there. Vietmini Nationalists led by In wartime, the two armies

Next War In Arctic

Aboard HMS Vengeance,

the Communist President. De Ho would be under the command off Rosyth, Scotland, Mar. 8. Chi Minh-since December 1948. of • French general.

end

Army-It was a "dead certainty** future conflict

The debate is intended to cranes would be bought in that any

with a vote ratifying the agree ment, details of which are being

kept secret for the time being, French jurisdiction would would be fought In the Arc-

assent

to French citizena tic, Commander E. B. Mott,

and in particular, recording residing in Vietnam. Vietnam of the United States Navy Parliamentary

to the faw would apply to Vietnamese Bureau of Ordnance, said to- rescinding of the old French and

to foreigners belonging

which France treaty rights in Cochin-China,countries with the rice-bowl of Vietnam.

day.

Commander Mott was aboard had no jurisdictional pgres- the. light aircraft carrier Ven-

From Salgon it was reported ment. that Dr Ho Chi Minh's Govern-

(13,000 toris) as the United States observer when it

7.--French

schools would ence ment had announced over Radio continue to provide the same

but arrived in the Firth of Forth Vietminh that was preparing | curriculum as in. France

from today

month-long tests of n list of war criminals,

would include 鼈 courte

In warships and aircraft

the Arctic

The full text of the agree-Vietnamese history and civil-Arctic.conditions.. ment for Vielnam autonomy sallon.-Reuler.. withi the French Union, signed in Paris today, may not bu published until

Bao Dal BANK HOLD-UP returns to Saigon as head of REPORT DENIED the Vietnam State.

HICHLICHTS

Usually reliable sources, gave these highlights of the ogree ment:

unțier

Unicas

problem was solved now, the comman-

may der declared, "we ourselves unprepared for Aretia warfare."

The Anglo-Americans must

And

ΟΙ

It was stated by officials of onter -Into the problems the Hongkong and Shanghai Arctic warfare wholeheartedly. can overcome the Bank this morning that nothing"Unless we was known of the reported hold- adverse weather handicaps, the up of a bank customer yesterday, Arctic is not a natural feld for 1.-Vietnam would consist of who, it was alleged, was robbed aircraft warfore. The whole fate the three provinces of Annam, of his money as he was leaving of a nation depends on Tonkin and Cochin-China,"`and | the premises,

weather, for the Arctic appears would *hovo administrative Police are investigating the to be a natural imbitation for Gulonomy.

| report.

lurking submarines."-Beuter.

on

THE HONG KONG

DISPENSARY

1949

JANUARY

IS AT YOUR,

SATURDAY

1949

DECEMBER

314

SATURDAY

Every day in the year

SUNDAYS & HOLIDAYS: OPEN IO A.M. TO | P.M..

TRADE

MARK

A.S. WATSON & Co.,Ltd.

the

TEL. 31261

ALEXANDRA BUDO