1949-02-15 — Page 1

For the

HONGKONG TELZOL

SOUTH CHINA MORNING TOWER,

Drink

Coca-Cola

Ice-Cold

The

TODAY'S WEATHER: Fresh North or Northeast winds; Ane. Noon Observations: Barometrie 'pressure 1027,2_mbs., 30.33 in. Temperature 60.4 deg. F. Déw paini 38 der. F., Relative humidity 42. Wind direction NNE,' Wind force 12 knota.

Igh waler: 7 ft. 0 in. at 10.55 pm. Low water: 2 ft. 4 in. ní 4.10 p.m.

Dine

At the

Hongkong Telegraph.G

VOL IV NO. 37

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1949.

U.S. NOT TO BE COMMITTED TO WAR

Condition Of Mr Walter Keates

"Unchanged"

Late this morning the Quern Mary Hospital authorities In- timated that the condition of Me Walter Keales, editor-in- chief of the China Mail, who was seriously Injured when knocked down by a tram in Des Voeux Road Central last night, remains unchanged.

Ar Keates was admitted to the hospital last night in what was described as a critical con- ditles.

The full nature and extent of his injuries have not yet been determined, but he is known to have suffered severe injuries to the head,

Bunche's New Proposal

Rhodes, Feb. 14.-The United Nations acting Mediator for Palestine, Dr Ralph Bunche, has proposed neutrality for Al Auja, Beersbeeb and Bir Aslur, the three

centres controversial which have been holding up, the Israeli Egyptian armistico nego. tintions.

It was learned authoritatively on Monday that Mr Bunche's proporal was Incorporated in working vapers submitted to the two delegations on January. 31. and that the Gyptians have accepted It. Their acceptance is described as "a major concession" by

United Nations official, The Israell delegation. contacting Tel-Aviv as to whether to concede the neutrality of these three strategic points which Israeli troops captured in their December offensive.

A source close to the Egyptinna indicated that the Israeli delegation so for appears willing to accept the proporal Associated Press.

INTO RAVINE

Rome, Feb.

BY ATLANTIC PACT

No Automatic Legal Or

Moral Obligation

SENATE LEADERS DEFINE

THEIR

POLICY

Washington, Feb. 14.-The Senate's foreign policy leaders sorved notice today that the North Atlantic pact would not bind the United Senators Tom States to go to war if a European ally was attacked. Connally (Democrat) and Arthur Vandenborg (Republican) defined that position in answer to a speech by Senator Forrest C. Donnell.

Senator Donnell told the Senate the pact now being negotiated might be Senator Vandenberg replied interpreted as a "moral commitment to fight." that he believed the American negotiators were reserving expressly the right of this country to decide for itself whether or not to go to war.

Senator Connally, chuirman of the Foreign Relations Committee, debate to make his own stand clear. He said the Committee on Foreign never approve or adept any language in the treaty that said the United States would go to war when one nation in Europe was attacked.

broke into the Relations would

He added that there should be no moral or legal commitment in the treaty automatically, but he said a lot of people that could plunge this country into war in and out of the Government wanted such a pledge in the pact, which the States is negotiating with Britain, Canada, France, Belgium, Holland bourg.

The key action clause has not yet been drafted in dhal form, but State Department sources here Indieated it would give each signatory the right to decide iis own course in the event one of them is attacked.

Senator Vandenberg told the Scnate the right to declaru war would remain here" in Congress, but

laid down in the Western Hemi- sphere security part.

Senator Donnell asked: "Then. can I understand you to mean that there will not be any decision to fight without proper action by this body?"

United and Luxem-

The Times, more friendly in its attitude, said, "Historically, perhaps, the European countries have been inclined to sign pacts, and to think what they meant afterwards. That is not the American way."-United

Press.

the United

Terrorists

Slay Briton

Bingapore, Feb. 15-Mr F. E. W. Harrison, Assistani Manager of the Somme Estate in Kulim, Kedah State, was shot dead on Monday morning while driving South to Kulla,

A volley of Insurgent bullets hit his car and Mr Harrison got When out and hid in a ditch. the ring cessed, he was found with a bullei through his head. The police found Mr Harri. son's car bullet ridden and the body lying in a swamp with several shots in the chest.

Mr Harrison was a former Army member of the Bellish wartime force 130 which operated in Malaya against the Japanese.

He was parachuted into the Jungle of the Ferak State In 1943 to John other European plantern organising guerilla banda-Associated Press.

Offensive Against Karens

EXPECTED TO BE LAUNCHED SOON Rangoon, Feb. 14.-Govern ment troops were expected to launch a big offensive against the Karen rebels in the Insein sector, North of Rangoon, on Monday and thus break a week end lull in the Burma Righting.

fier Vandenberg said in an disobeyed a Government call

Price 20 Cents

Tel: 27880

Li Tsung-Jen Winning Political Tug-o-War

MANY NATIONALIST LEADERS

RETURNING TO NANKING

Shanghai, Feb. 15.--Acting President Li Tsung- jen today is emerging victor in the government tug- of-war with Premier Sun Fo. Both facts and rumour pointed clearly to the victory for the Acting President in efforts to keep the capital in Nanking as long as there is the slightest glimmer of hope for peace with the Reds.

The facts are these: Tung Kwan-hsien, President of the Legislative Yuan, Yu Yu-pen, President of the Control Yuan, Liu Che, Vice-President of the Control Yuan, and General Ho Ying-chin, former Minister of National Defence on whom Premier Sun Fo reliably counted to take the job as Commander-in-Chief of the Nationalists in South China to continue the fight-all returned to Nanking.

The Deputy Premier and current-, from Nanking. Government troops ly Foreign Minister, Mr Wu Te-chen, are still in defence positions at sent word from Canton by Tunt Pukow, somewhere north from that he likewise Is returning to where Chen Yi's massed Nánking'in a' few days.

An Informal meeting of. Legisla- live Yuan members in Nanking voted unanimously to keep the law- making seat in _Nanking.

A

from

columns are marking time,

Red

THE PEACE FRONT On the actual peace front, the major development was the delayed United Press report

arrival in Felping of the Shanghai Canton said that Legislators there mission headed by Dr W. W. Yen. admitted a possible querum now in The plane Jeft Shanghal on Sun- Nanking and they are wavering in day morning but was held over- their decision to stay in Canton. night at Tsingtao because of a faulty Shanghat legislators are meeting to- tyre of plane. The members of day or tomorrow to decide which the mission were transferred to another plano on Monday and way to go.

SUN FO ILL

arrived in Peiping late in the after- that Dr Sun

Significant among the reports is noon.

Fo told his friends Mr Wu Yu-hou, who headed tho was suffering high blood Nanking mission to Peiping, address- that he pressure and his mother was urging Ing a Shanghat peace rally said he him to go to Macoo for a rest, was convinced that the Reds will There was no doubt about Sun Fo's announce a full-blown official peaco Peiping is According to Government sources, health. The Premier still uses a conference only after WANTS FIGURES Senator Vandenberg: "Correct,"

against all Senator William Knowland (Re- Washington, Feb. 14-Senator regular troops including Kachins, cane to get around as an aftermath completely secured

Nationalist in- he said that a declaration of com- publican) broke in to assert that the Arthur H. Vandenberg, Republican Ching and Gurkhas are expected to of his leg tumer operation last De Kuomintang and

Luences. He said the Reds planned munity of Interest between the United States "can no longer be foreign policy leader, tody asked strike at the rebels under cover of cember.

That there has been an agree to made a citywide house to house United States and the Western Euro- unmoved by an overt act of op- President Truman for

an air umbrella. the cost Monday

the comumencod estimate on armaments

third ment of some kind among top canvass in Peiping in order to weed LORRY PLUNGES powers would be on "infinliegression anywhere."

assurance" ngainst a Third World "We cannot sit back twiddling

plans

to send to Western week of the inseln sector fighting milltary officials to softpedat talks out and round up all possible and

contínuo the Rect elements remaining in Pelping. while thumbs

nation

which broke out when the Karens on reorganising to War. He said the existence of such our

to fight as long as pehce hopes still Until it is completed, according a pact in 1014 and 1939 might have

nation is over

overrun by an aggressive | I and II be-power," he said.

exist was seen in Ho Ying-chin's Mr Wu-there is not much chance interview that forestalled World Wars

Congress should surrender their arms.

oficially people 14.-Seven

that Mao Tze-tung will cause it would have warned Kaiser He added, unices

New res on Monday burned in return to Nanking. the United know the approximate cast of the

to were killed and 27 Injured when a wilhelm and Hitler of the possibility States was prepared to take affirma- projected military lend-lease pro- the Karen stronghold of Khawaig- He told the Press that he returned reply to Li Tsung-Jen's appeal lorry load of people..crashed into a

Lisét the time and place for an official to Nanking to help President live netion, "Wo-might find the gramme-before-it-passed-on-thean, south of Inseln, following an ravine near Anconn on Sunday

Iron Curtain extended not only "to $5,580,000,000 request for new Mar- derint bombardment. by Burmese Tsung-Jen in the Laak of making conference-United Press night, Ansa the Italian news agency

Spit fires early on Monday morning. peace with the Reds, General Ho DEMAND FOR CHIANG Senator Vandenberg said that, as the English Channel bul perhaps shall plan funds. reported on Monday.

Ying-chin,

who United Press.

long been Shanghai, Feb. 15. First public The development followed week- far as he was concerned, enforce-beyond."

KARENS RETREATING

China's delegate to the United demand that Generalissimo Chiang suggestions from Senator Van- ment of provisions of the North

EUROPEAN REACTION.

Nations Joint Military Commission Kai-shek should resume publie life denberg and others

that.

falling The Karens Allantle alliance would be based on

aro reported to be at Lake Success, has been regarded; was heard here. the self-determination principle

prices may make it possible retreating to Tyogmen, 14--Millions of

one mile Lorden, Feb.

More than 20 members of thủ Europeans were told by their news to cut foreign recovery spending.

South of Insein, following a heavy as an anchor around which Conser

vatives Chief Mir The ECA

Paul papers today that the United States

Gattack by regular troops under the would build the core of southern invite the Generallashing to start, a

still demanding fighting KMT Central Committee) vated was trying to reduce the Atlantic Hoffman, who will be asked to

protection of heavy artillery Are. defences. His role under President party reform movement defence pact in its fial stages to

view his figures in the light

Meanwhile, in Rangoon, Govern- Li was generally accepted as de- Fang Chih, director of the Shang- scrap

of paper.

recent price breaks, regards them

nent employees were dismissed for disobeying orders to return to duty.signed to keep the army under con- hai KMT headquarters was chair-

trol

in order not to affect peace- man of the group which met af the Is Anti bombarded withi The arms supply

demonstrations making efforts. programme

Government

City Bank Buliding.Associated the pending broke through which, designed to bolster

cordons police

of mill Press. The role developments North Atlantic security pact and surround Government mconing.

MARTIAL LAW.. to back up economic aid. Its cost prevent local workers from entering ary nature came in an

announcement that the Nationalists estimated unofficially at between the building.

Shanghai, February 15-Martial pbandoned Tingchow and Haimen, law was proclaimed in Foochow by $1,000,000,000 to $2,000,000,000,

President Truman gave

thethe Fukien Pacification Headquarters Barbed wire road blocks prevented both on the north banks of

Yangtse between Shanghai and reports the American owned Post- estimate in presenting the budget the demonstrators from driving up

to the Rangoon Secretariat gales but Nanking Forces were withdrawn Mercury. lost month,

demonstrators climbed

Regulations requiro' strict control of on to the across the river,. The action, itave

all travel involving residance cert- Government slogans. Associated the mouth to the point of an undefeates for foreigners--Associated

Oned area east of Pukow across Press,

Of the 40 poople aboard the truck, only six escaped Injury. The party had been to a meeting in a village near Ancona-Associated Press.

EDITORIAL

of American-netion,

OPERATIVE PRINCIPLE

Hongkong Citizenship

DECRUITING

RECRU

the long- for

Defence kong Volunteer Force

revives A Mubject

for- that has been practically Rotten in the stress and urgency of other things the Hongkong citizen. It could, if not should. we argued that the one and the

other are synonymous: without be difficult the second it may to achieve the first. Time show. Firi results of the re- cruling are claimed to be wholly satisficiory.

original An eur judgment were wrong, we shall be very pleased, WO want

SCC

Defence

not

that the

Forec 0,000 strong: It is the minimum, the maximun after which the authorities should strive. But

the conccialon Apart from those

register have who choles of deciding whether they will Into the milltary, naval,

services, alr

the Special Constabulary, what precisely in the Inducement to join up? For the non-Chinese the answer is easy: he or she has home and Income at stake, though that, In itself muight not necessarily

KO

or

Is

provide sufficient impetus, for so many have homes elsewhere, and to some Ilongkong is but a "port the Chinese of.

Το

Geographically, Yet socially,

issue narrow.

tho

Hongkong is

Es China

economio haven.

coononically and spiritually, Hongkong has little in common with China today. Outra is ordered society: # stabi

entliy:

politic

alont On this bnals the Chinesou Hongkong have Dors to reassess their position.

them Hongitang mean more to than China? This may be nut- ting it too high. It is like maying to the Englishman

here,

docs Honkong mean more to you than England? As things “re at --present-It cannot..But there.

should not mean As much at the to England

Englishman, and lo the Chinese 38 much China. The awareness of the Individu.1 vajuo AIR. Importance of Hongkong

nationalities

3.4

C

to

well

be invested in local citizen- ship. which embodies, first and

foremost, pride in, love of, and respect for the Colony of Hong- kong. Without such a status oli who live here. whether "im- WHO ported" or "local"

are without

FO Romo

(Ec.,

mere

裁

end

Cans rentrally, and Britonas irreducible,

were

headlines newspaper

real stripped to their

The United

States

would say.. Welshes."

Partly because of the secret dip- lomacy surrounding negotiations, according to some Western dip lomats, the Europeans had been led to believe that the United States

15

Senator Vandenberg

who

re-

of

mént

no salid

and others

to

House and

08

has

unofficial

was prepared to make commitments who seek an overall picture at forcan roota. of buses and shouted antithe Reds control of the river from in the pact which actually it had commitments may get some help Press. never considered

and could not from General Dwight D. Eisenhower make under its constitution."

Today's headlines and editorials for temporary duty. One of General returns today to the Pentagon stemmed from two things:

Eisenhower's jobs will be to defer- mine the extent of American military obligations in Europe and to explain them to Congress-United Press.

1. Reports that the United States wants to make its military commit- ment in the Atlantic Pact general and not precise.

2. The situation in the Scandinu- vlan countries, which are under pressure from the West to join the

The blame for this situation was placed entirely on the United States, The Dally Express headline said: "Atlantic Fact Crisis-U.S. Pledge

watered down still more."

sheet anchor. Under the existing set-up their faith, their hopes, and with many their allegiance, become a matter. of individual selection at whatever ume aud under whatever con- ditions they choose. It is feasible lo suggest that the great mistake made by the Imperial Govern ment was to offer Hongkong B form of self-government municipal council)

without first establishing cluizen

ས ;

at tus which would

way to guaranteeing that the people who really cared about the future of Hongkong should,' possesa their elected representatives, The standard (and

now accepted) complaint about the people of Hongkong is that, for the most part they do not représent the Colony's Interests only

their

to limit This is a problem which must be faced, sooner or later. And the solution appears to be to introduce a well defined Hong kong ektizenship klatus, aves primarily allegiance to the Crown of the Colony, and which, да а result (or a reward); ls endowed with speelle rights and privilogen, not to hò nhrogated at the whim of an administrative machine, but subject only to renunciation on the part of the individual By such system the loyalty of those who 'fore- *awear ølleziance will remain un-

ow!1.

no genuino reason why Hongkong | impaired.

which

at

COMMONS STATEMENT

London, Feb 14-No Government

committed liself to any

.] Commons.

I

yet

to

Kwok Kwong Sentenced To Eighteen

Remarking that he could not overlook the extreme seriousness, of the type of crime, Mr Justice;

Months Hard Labour

of W

be, doctrine of equity and no doctrine pact and from Russia to slay out, Involved in the proposed North Af. / Keynolds at the Criminal Ses-able damage was done to properties in their law in China, they had no

Jantle Pact discussions had sions this morning passed sen- the problem of rehabilitation

of trust. obligations, Mr Hector McNeil, labour

military

tence of eighteen months' hard came one of the most urgent of the problems which faced the Colony.

"Kwok was asked-I will not put on Kwok Kwong, 47, Ater the war there was also moral

it higher than that he was asked Minister of State, said today when foreman, convicted by a jury on deterioration of men

and persuna

to Initiate these jobs by a superior." replying to questions in the House of Friday night on four counts of not only in the lower ranks but in

"In his way and zald Mr Chen: the higher ranks,,' DISSATISFACTION

his thinking he could have shown theft of public servant and one The Daily Mail, in

first page

"We must also bear in mind that loyalty to that superior in no better He added that it would soon be of obtaining money by false there is a new spirit trying to editorial, called on the British Gov possible to give the House some in-pretences from the steward of emerge out of this destruction and uests even though he might have way than by carrying out these ro- ernment to give Norway militars formation on the subject.

the Kowloon Bowling Green many of the old systems, as in this found it necessary to do things Kunrantees which it said the U..

Mr McNell assured the House had refused. The

It will be recalled that come the system of the PWD which which were not legal. Ал І бау, ше Scotsman, of

that though it was not yet certain Club, Edinburgh, said in

new things. dispatch from

what form the pact would take It Austin Spary, 50, électrical in- might have satisfied conditions

several deendes

in but

this are striving for Washington that there

ago was intense would be consistent with the pur-spector, grade I, was acquitted o

a young man he modern time do not satisfy present Kwoke had been dissatisfaction in European circles

would have principles

been faced by two. of the on all eleven counts, Kwok being conditions, said counsel. "Such a alternatives: that

that he would have the last-minute American proposals posts and the

United Nations Charter. limit U.S. commitinents.

found Not Guilty on six charges, system when mornis are high have reported this matter to his superior Asked whether Eire was to be

but when "The view expressed here is that invited

Kwok's sentence is to date from their own safeguards

If he thought something" illegal or to join the Atlantic Pact the proposals, water down what was discussions, Mr McNeil repiled that the day of his arrest, August 11, morals are weakened the safeguards improper might have involved his Intended to be a full and forthright it was not In the present out year. His Lordship sald that which are imposed by self-discipline superior, but he would run the rinis

of losing in that case of military alliance into

powerful alate of the E to say which he took into hecount the fact that may not be sumclent"

If he was Instrument comparable

a young man the up to the date of this case and the Mr Chen, there was another aspect other alternative which he would respects to the ill-fated Kellogg Fact," countries would eventually be likely Kwok had been of good character! In the case of Kwok Kwong, sald

to join the pact.

fact that he would lose his pension his Lordship's attention.

which he would like to bring to it Fold.

He made no reply when asked

Kwok have before him and which w his job. The Manchester Guardian saft the United States could "hardly be

them today they very important item in the cafence In an eloquent plea, in mitigation Kwong was a man of the old type: young Chinese cul servants hav

chen, a man of the obedient type, but before proud, of some, recent passages. Its a Western Europa and whether Eire on behalf of Kwok, Mr Percy Chen, he was saying this without reference faced with

dilemma and apparent retreat beliind the shelter Intended to defend herself.

who was instructed by Mr C. A. She was mullers raised in the case, that is he would go immediately

to Russ for the defence, said that the Whatever these men were instruct the Anti-Corruption Squad and re- nt the Senate's authority should have

and been, avoidable

much

In that way Mr McNell further sinted that the case was of a now and particular ed to do they probably did feeling port it immediately. understanding, Europe

In times such as we were themselves to be more or less secure they, safemerd themselves on all been Foreign Secretary, Mr Ernett Revin, nature. prevented.

United States was anxious to make a statement'en living in after a great war had been in the responsibility which their sides from the deterioration of the should not have forced the pace if the pact as soon as possible when fought and also when the territory superiors might bear for giving such morale of men and from the de- It were not able

to produce the the state of, the negotiations has in which we were 19 involved instructions, Particularly was this

(Continued.on Page 5) Konds."

reached a conclusiva stage."-Router" in that war and when considèr- "true in the case of Chlacio since,.

The

1csa

in

Bomu

mis-

a

a liko

his rice bowl.

aro