1949-01-08 — Page 1

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SOLE AGENTS HAN KANG CO UNION BEGHAL

VOL. IV NO. 6

"Real Peace" Restored In Indonesia Say Dutch

Lake Success, Jan. 7,-Having restored "rent praco" in Indone. sin, Holland would now proceed towards the establishment of un all-Indonesian Federal In- terim Government, Dr Jan Herman Van Royen, the Dutch representative, told the Seenri- ty Council today.

The Council, meeting for the Brat fle since its return from

Paris, welcomed three new niembersi Norway, Egypt and Cuba, who were elected at the Parls General Assemi- bly in place of Belgion, Syria and Colombia.

Dr Van

Royen wald that afte Dutch Government still stood by the political principles underlying the Linggodfall and Renville aprec- ments concluded with the Republie of Indonesia and would carry them into effect

(The Linggadjali agreement of Just year provided for the setting up of a "United States of Indone- xia." The Renville agreement

brought a truce to the Indonesian fighting last January).

"The Federal Interim

Gavern-

ment will have the task of making. the final preparations for tr establishnient of Independent

C122

United States of Indonesia and for) the construction in Co-operation with Holland of a Dutch-Indonesiani Union.

TO HOLD ELECTIONS One of the steps to this end will be the holding of elections for a representallye body on a democratic; basis Dr Van Royen added,

"Upon the creation of the United Staten of Indonesia,

Sovereignty over Indonesia will be transferred

by The Netherlands to this State which will then, we propose, become a member of the

new

United

Nations in its own right."

The

Por the Proprietar HONGKONG TELEGRAFIL, {} For and on behalf of

SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, LITE

Dino

At the

P.G.

Thongkong Telegraph. G

NEW SECRETARY

OF STATE.

Dean Acheson, who suc- ceeds Mr George Marshall as United States Secretary

of State.

SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1949.

For

Reservations

Price 20 Cents

Tel: 27880

Reds Breach Tientsin's Palestine

City Defences

HAND TO HAND FIGHTING

IN VARSITY CAMPUS

Nanking, Jan. 7.-A usually reliable source reported today that the Com- munists entered the outer fringe of the Tientsin city area this afternoon. He said the Communists breached a gap in the southwestern part of the city defences and a small Communist unit broke into the Nankai University campus. two miles from the centre of Tientsin city. He said that severe hand to hand fighting was raging in the campus which is near the newly-constructed emer- gency airfield at the Race Course. The source did not give details regarding other parts of the city defence line.

Mr Marshall To Quit Office, January 20

NO CHANGE IN FOREIGN POLICY

Washington, Jan. 7.-President Truman today accepted the resignation of aging George Marshall as Secretary of State and appointed Dean Acheson, 55, as his successor,

Mr Marshall, 68, a professional soldier who became his country's No 1 warrior and No 2 statesman, will quit office on January 20-the day President Trumian begins his new term.

-

The father of the Marshall Plan, Undersecretary of State during the Dr Van Royen slad the Dutch the present Secretary was operated frst six months Jusses In the campaign up

of Mr Marshall's oton kist munth for a kidney ailment term. fanuary 3 were 60 men killed, and the ordeal left. him unable to of carry on the crushing burden of Poffice.

Tuur-

far below the number peaceful Indonesian civillan dered by Republican Infiltrants

In an announcement the months preceding duti

on the re- our signation, Mr Truman emphasised

that there Four Republican leaders, De 1. R. American foreign policy under the would be no shift in Soekarno, the President, Dr Hatts, guidance of Mr. the Premier, Dr Sjahrir,

Acheson. That Premier, and Dr Agus Salim

policy is one of Armness in dealings had with Russia

and been released from detention, he United Nations.

support of the added,

In this connection, Mr Tuman emplungised strongly at

news conference' that the

an

She since it might still endanger a public security if they were allowed ministration's policy toward Rustin entire freedom

of movement definitely had not softened.

throughout the whole of Indonesia that freedom has for the time being been limited to the Island of Banka They Enjoy complete throughout the Island-Reuter.

EDITORIAL

POLISHED DIPLOMAT

The incoming Secretary, a stave, Ibertypolished diplomat who served under four State Department regimes, was

Mr Truman's Message

PRESS

ESIDENT Truman's speech at the opening of the new Con- Kress this week dealt malaty wit domestic problems,

pro- gramme--tlie fullment of la election promiscais broad and ambitiuus. I cuts across the interests of Big Business, and is sure to come under heavy fire. from the Republicans for Dat reason. However, with his De- mocratic majority, Mr Truman has a chance to carry li out and

·vindicate policies which he has not so far been able to get Con- gress to support." Igly, on the Democratio programme are a big rise in the basle wage, broadler social security for the masses, ald to furniera. and federat

pro- grammes

for education and houston. Popular with Labour will be the proposal to remove the Taft-Mariley restrictions on trade unions. More controversial, but no less welcome, will be the civil rights proposals, almed at the elimination of racial distinction, ensure the success of his pro- the President called for. E economie controls and higher taxation to be levied moally against corp

corporations and those in the "middle and upper" Income brackets. New taxes are never popular with either party, and Mr Truman will have to face u battle royal to Introduce any form of economio controls to the

To

1row-

"home of free allowal con-

ever, the need for

and that

KO

trols, and their effectiveness In counteracting Inflation, luas been proved la Britalo, example should increase hir Truman's determination to through with the light, To put thla "new New Deal” into effect: the United States will have to sanction. higher Government spending, and despite the now taxes.

exponakare

foreign commitments will have to be thoroughly examined. Mr Tru-

·TILAN · WHS · not apeolio in his ro

on

He resigned in June, 1017, to return to his private law practice here.

said

A high official source told the United Press that the government is expected shortly to make a formal approach to the Big Four including Britain and France, for mediation assistance. He said it was undecided yet whether the approach will be made only to the United States and Russia or to all the Big Four, but now It is almost certain that a diplomatic move in this direction would be taken in the first step to implement President Chiang Kai-shek's New Year message.

This source' said that Foreign | In this connection, the Hsligsheng Ministry experts have already com- evening paper declared that hun pleted a study of the question of dreds of pillboxes, built by the inviting Big Four mediation and Nationalists around Tientsin outside the procedure will be followed in the protection dam, have been aban- making the invitation. The study doned without being destroyed and was mnde on Instructions from that many of them wero being used Premier Sun Fo.

by the Red

Reds for their current attack Ile said Foreign Ministry experts on Tientsin, "constituting a great submitted a comprehensive report threat to the city's defences." to Premier Sun Fo on the advantages Considerable fighting was

one

Drea

Armistice

"The Cat" To Talks Open

Die

Paris, Jan. 7.Mathilde Caree, 40-year old member of the French Resistance Movement, was condemned to death by a Paris court to- day for betraying 48 of her Resistance comrades to the Germans during the occupa- tion.

Carce, known as "The Cat", was said to have be- come the mistress of a German military intelligence officer, Hugo Bleicher, after he arrested her in Novem- ber, 1941.

Os ง

Carce was sent to London by the Germans in February, 1942, and accepted by the British War Office Resistance worker for five months before sho arrested by the British authorities in July.-Router.

was

Mme Chiang

Leaves For

Israeli Discussions With UN Officials

Tel-Aviv, Jan. 7.-Armistice falks aimed nt ending the Palestine war for good opened here between the Jewish Government and United Nations officials.

United Nations Headquarters at Haifa and the Egyptian Government in Cairo announced that

firing had halted in. Southern Palestine, the only active front, at noon GMT under the agreement previously reach-

ed.

A Jewish Government spokesman said here that fighting actually continued at sundown near Rafi, constal town just inside the Egyptian frontier, und Jewish

troops wero beating off Egyptian counter-at- tacks. It was hoped, however, that this.would prove a purely local in- eldent which would not interfere with armistice negotiations.

MINOR CLASHES

United Nations observers also re- ported a light exchange of fire on the central front near Qalqyllye, northeast of Tel-Aviv, where there have been minor clashes for several days between Jewish and Iraqi forces. A Jewish Army spokesman sald the flareup in fighting at Rafx was dwindling and United Nations sources said it was not expected to Washington, Jan. 7.-It was effect the general ceasefire unless it disclosed today that Madame got worse. Chiang Kai-shek, who camo The biggest news

Jews here over a month ago to' aparmisce

New York

to

the

of the talks here to the Egyption M. Vigler is to relay the result Goverment. foundation for a firm agreement on This will provide a The opening of formal artistics talks.

was that preliminary Big Four good olices. He said the suburb, where excited inhabitants to her embattled country, left sonal and disadvantages of inviting the concentrated along the city's western peal for more United States aid here with

also

talks had started M. Henri Vigler, per- report, however, did not make any city.

representative of the IN. moved even deeper into the native yesterday for New York, recommendation whether Big Four

mediator, Dr Ralph Bunche, acting for the United Nations. M. Vigier mediation should be brought, leaving

A member of her household con- and Jewish DEFENDERS' CLAIMS the decision to the Cabinet

In the meantime, the

firmed that she had gone, but discussed the time, place and scope Government officials Meanwhile, a reliable source told Headquarters made no mention of was staying in New York been of the armistice talks, which Dr

Garison refused to say where she the United Press that General Put the prevailing conditions along the the New York, friends of Madama the island of Rhodes on Tuesday or Resigning with Mr Marshall Chung-hsl, Central China comman- southern and western perimeter but

might return here.

Bunche suggested should start on Undersecretary when Mr Robert Lovett, who

der whore headquarters is at Han- confined their statement on 'became

Wednesday, the Chiung raid they understood she had Mr Acheson kow, also detained. shipments of operations in the north-eastern dis- "silpped" into New York for a quiet stepped out.

arms to Nanking order to make trict.

claiming a Communist force, visit with her sister, Madame H.H. Chiang resign even

is numbering about peace Mr Truman

the Budget eventually rejected by the Com- (20,000 men) were repulsed on the Madame Kung was

division Kung, at

Riverdale, New York. Director, Mr Janes Webb, soft-munists.

former French East Arsenal who The source said that one Hankow after three hours of fighting. for years has been a White House army the Second Army enroute Reds suffered 5,000

Meanwhile, Inter

The statement alleged that the in which Mr William Bullitt urged

greeted with cool allence- counsellor, would

beconic the

"HISTORIC VICTORY" Undersecretary. Mr Webb'e

Pengpu-Nanking front was

dend, 2,000 wounded whom they carried away .000.000 in job in ordered to return to Hankow the Budget Bureau will go to his

the United States to

to send US$800,

Yigal Yadin, chief of Military themselves, present assistant,"

General Mr Frank Pace, Int

Pai Chung-hist

100 The machine guns, and 1,000 rifles.

prisoners. 20

military

ald Operations in the and economic

Jewish Army, to Chins together Jr. Mr Frederick J. Lawion will riment was sald

asserted that the Jews had won a to be gravely

with top

top "ghlins Press censorship, directly affect- be moved up into the No 2 budget concerned about Pal's actions. The ing newspapers, will begin today, able

general" and

historie victory in their sweep into staff of an "adequate source said the government is ex- Saturday. Proofs of stories,

to direct

Egypt last week. He said the Egyp- the fight pected to send a lgh obviet

ngainst the Chinese Communists. other

tinus lost more than 2,400 men kill- to than articles carried by the official Hankow soon

However, straighten things Central News Agency, must be sub- led by Senator Styles Bridges of said Jewish planes shot down 10 ver, a group of Republicans, cd, wounded or captured. Ho also with the general. He sald General fect to the approval of the Garrison New Hampshire, served notice that Egyptian planes without loss and Pai's action may be that he needs authorities before publleation. they would put up a fight for Mr the troops, arms and food to bolster his Outgoing

Jews captured or destroyed lelograms will not be Bullitt's plan-United Press, defences against the Communists in subject to censorship but occasional

entire Egyptian brigade. the Hankow area-United Press.

checks will be made.-Reuter.

He added that 12 tanks destroyed and several Spitfire planes captured near El Arish, 30 miles Inside Egypt.

spoken expert administrator

spot.

END OF AN ERA

a

15

able officers"

ac

leaders the-report

MORE PRESSURE ON CHIANG Hudreds Die In

Shanghai Streets

onc

were

Bir Yadin said the Jews had not originally intended to go beyond the to have pald a special visit to Shunghai, Jan. 8-More than 800 Palestine frontier, but he said the Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek lo- bodies were picked up in Shanghai's surprised Egyptian troops, threatened day to deliver a letter said to suggest streets yesterday us

a severe cold with encirclement, fled across the that the President should step down wave gripped the refugee jammed border and the from his past to enable peace terms city.

Jews were ordered to pursue them and do to be negotiated

as much the Com- munists.

An estimated more than 5,000 damage as possible. He added that beggars have died of hunger nnd the The letter was said to have corne exposure in Shanghai in the

sweep carried

the Jews Inst estimated 45 miles into Egypt- General

Chen

Chien, three manths.-Associated Press. United Press,

ferences to foreign policy. There will be no quarrel with his broad alin of promoting peace through- out the world, though some may question his methods-for It- stance, the building up of milliary strength. Whether bigger armies contribute to international co- operation and understanding will always be debatable. But

the speech

President Truman understands

As Secretary of Stale, Mr into sking over the defence mont Governor of Hunan Province, who is

tone of Air Truncat's

showed that he

States

Ade

America's position of responsibi- lity in the world, His task. now is to divide United States re- sources between his Internal. pro- sramme and the country's com- mliments overicas branches of the United ministration are concerned with Joreign affairs-the State Depart- inent, the Army (because it ad- luisters the accupied countries) and the Economilo Co-opera- Hon Administration. If overseas spending is to be pruned, these three agencles must fully under- stand the Bims of Américasi foreley polley and faithfully pur sue them. Mr Truman will be helped by the fact that lie now has ille complete backing of Con- Ereks. This period of divided Authority in foreign affairs is over, though Mr Truman would be wise to try to continue the bl- partisan approach as far,

as pos- sible. The new Congress appar- ently enviages po deviation from the general line of foreign polley, and such projects as the North Atlantic defence. part,

the mill- lary aid programme for Western Europe, and the Marshall Plan, probably A through changed. In the past. however, despite

general agreement fundamentals, American foreign volley has not always been com- pletely coherent. President Tru- than and the Democrats are now presented with a new opportunity to make the best of American teinurces and goodwill, The whole world is vitally interested in their success,

on

with

The shakeup, enforced by Mr Marshall's failing health, marks the end of an era of great decisions in American foreign policy that began when Mr Marshall reluctantly stepped into office on January 21,

INCESSANT BARRAGE

Nanking. Jan. 7.-General Hwan 1946, and for the soldier statesman

Tientsin, Jan. 8.--The din of in-Jo-chih, the Vice-Minister of Na- it ends' lifelong career

artlery barrage, of cessant”

the tonal Defence, was rollably reported service that spanned two World bursting shrapnel in midale and the Wors and brought him honours crimson explosions lighting up the won by few if any mich

insky along the elty's outskirts com- the nation's history. As Army Chief blued to bring the drama and of Staff, he assembled and guided reality of the civil war to Tientsin the nation's urmies through the in the past 24 hours.

As the shella fell and res broke greatest war in history.

out

swarms of Nationalist soldiers has called Air with several casualties among them, Marshall "he

country's greatestame zoldier."

the city proper, In the southern sector, Marshall created and launched into

foreign action the Marshall Plan for Euro-householders had a grandstand view pean recovery, and under hisof falling shells through n lively guidance, America stiffened her afterunon yesterday. One shell foreign policy and checked the

landed within the grounds of the nggressive expansionisin of Russian Tientsin Race Club, between the

Kolf course and the ska.ing pond.

Another embedded itself only 30 Mr Truman nude it clear lie ne-yards short of the residence of the cepted Mr Marshall's resignation American Consul-General and Mrs with reluctance end, "deep regret."Robert L Smyth, literally topping He told reportera he regarded Mr at the gate in front of the lawn. Marshall no the "outstanding man"

diplomacy.

from

helloved to have joined with other Central China military leaders in ar altempt to force the Generalissimo from power-Router-AAP.

POISON GAS REPORT Shanghai, January. 7-The Com- munist Radio, Indicating intentions to continue military operations, to- day called for increased agricultural production to meet the requirements of occupied cities and foreign trade. It muid that the food supply of the Second World War and he

Undoubtedly other residences also must be increased to meet the needn

similar had hoped against hope that the though the

near-misses of Pelping, Tientsin, Nanking and Secretary would regain his strength

majority-varlously Shanghal na soon as these cities are zumetently to continue in office. estimated us 75% and 1055-burst "liberatert."". But he emphasised, that there would resoundingly Just beyond the de- be no shift in the direction, of fence moat behind the Tientsin American polley under Mr Acheson's Country Club. regime.

COMPLETE SURPRISE

came in for

The Radlo claimed thal Na tonnlist General Tu Yu-ming's surrounded· Army Gouthwest of Isuchow is preparing to break HEAVY GUN DUEL

through by using poison gas and All observers and wilnester said that government planes drop- described yesterday's gun, duct as Ded, polson gas all around the on- circled Red troops. It said the No- brought thele

and

re

The new Secretary's appointment "heavy" and some Is subject to confirmation by the families deeper into the town. With tionalists used poison go on De- Senute, but that was regarded as tools and weapons in their hands, cember 27 in the same area certain in view of Mr

Red casualties were Acheson's considerable numbers of Nationalist high personal standing

11 ported-United Press. on Capitol soldiers made their way into the

and ordinary Course road was suspended for n Mr Aclibson anid his appointment while.

to was a complete surprise

The retreating troops

Hill, plus the fact that the Demo-elty away fr traffic along the Race Temperature

crats control Congress,

transportation.

•

mostly

Down To 44 Deg.

མ་་་

and that he had had no advance in moved on foot, but carts, lorrico and timation President Truman wanted oven pedients nino were used for him for the job. He said he planned no general reorganisation of the The withdrawal, however, did not Department that he was taking the monn a total abandonment of Tient- appointment with full realisation or sin's solitary defence line along the its "crushing responsibilities", and mont but perhaps indicated the he was "vory enthusiastic" over Mr ovacuation of pillboxes and other Truman's choice of Mr Webb as defences further away from the last Underveerdiary-Valled Press. line of defence.

The temperature at 7 o'clock this morning was 44.3 degrees - the lowest so far this winter,

It had dropped steadily since 7 o'clock yesterday morning, when it was 00.2 degreeft.

Walle Hongkongites ehivered and donned heavier clothes the observa- tory described the weather as "just normal winter conditions."

LONDON DRY- WHITE SATIN-OLD TOM

THREE FAMOUS GINS

BY

SIR ROBERT BURNETT & CO. LTD, LONDON. Sole agents:-A.S.Watson & Co.,Ltd.

an