1948-12-10 — Page 4

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ME NEVE

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1948.

W

Is there such a thing as a controlled free press? That is the question occupation authorities, in Germany have faced in rebuilding German newspapera On

democratic foundation. Recently 15 Weitern Zone editors - took the answor to America, where they went to study U. S. press methods. Their story intold by S. Burton Heath, who is one of the U.S. experts helping to teach the German editors.

THEN General Luciun Clay decided to fight fire, with fire, and encourage the English-language press in Germany to criticise

·Soviet faults, he invited the licensed German-language press

to go along.

Felix Richter, editor of Sueddeutsche Allgemeine, s newspaper published in Pforzheim, in Wurttemberg-Baden, decided not to accept the invitation. He told his decision ‘In an editorial that explained his reasons.

"The German people have! been fed propaganda for years,”. ho says: "The new German press in the American and English zones has been trying hard to print nothing but fucts.' in its news columns, and we have made some progress In winning the confidence of our.

readers. But they are still sus- picious.

街

7 felt and said that if, now, we joined the Americans in constant criticism of the Soviet Union and Communism, my readers would decido I wasn't really free, but was just a pup pet of the U.S. occupation au thorities. And I felt, and said, that I thought we could do a lot more good telling the virtues of western democracy than telling the faults of Russian Com munism."

Nobody in the military government ever tried to make Richter change his mind, and when the military government selected 16 western zone editors to go to the US. to learn how

HOW FREE IS THE

CONTROLLED

GERMAN PRESS?

one of those chosen.

BY S.

BURTON: HEATH

Five of the 15 German cŭllors studying American newspaper methods in the U.S. discuss their new freedoni with the "euther of. ibla article. Left to rights Helmut Meyer-Dietrich, Dolf · Bierüberger," Fellæ - Nich- ler, Burton Heath, Eugen Kogen, Werner · Kaisunky,

editor of Die Wandlung, a maga zlno published in Heidelberg," is. 40. Werner Karsuuky, news editor of DENA,' co-operative news agency, is 82,

Few of them had much journalls- tle experience bofore the war, But when all Nazis had been weeded out of the German press, the job had to be turned over to men 'with' limited: experience. Their eagerness to learn

Anti-

a free press functions, he was newspapermen selected as ter, of the Continental press of the Insitute sessions, proved that specialists in different branches as a whole-without feeling they realise their limitations and

get the answers. "I think," he said as we of the work. The seminar and that there is a real possibility are pnxious to

Almost without exception they are in the Wor- waited for lunch at Columbia the clitory. expenses were for democracy

men who suffered for their the Rockefeller shattered Reich.

Nazism before and during the war. University, where a six-week financed by

Kogon spent seven years in Buchen- seminar is being conducted for Foundation.

The men with whom I talk wald. Walter. Gong, publisher and the Germans by the American I was privileged to talk to ed, and those who asked ques- editor of Nordsee Zeitung, was sent Press Institute, "that this is one of these sessions. Before tions during and after the concentration camp in 1930. Heinrich Kierzeck, editor and pretty good proof that the Ger- it, I visited different German talks, showed a deep and ap publisher of Fuldaer Volkszeitung. man press in the U.S. zone'real clitors. I doubt that. one parently genuine interest in the was sentenced to death for secret

anti-Nazi writings. Josef ly is free."

could go through such an ex- sort of democracy we know.

Eberle, During four of the six weeks perience having in mind the They indicated an intelligent

cultural editor of the Stuftgarter the editors sat in on daily dia. prewar background of the Ger- cussion groups led by American man press and, for that mat-

Accent Is

Tito's

TN the capital of Marshal

Tito's new "workers'

On

Work In 'Workers' Heaven'

By LEO STOECKER

to

Zeltung, was discharged from a radio realisation of the long, hard row job in 1933, as an anti-Nazi, put in they must hoe before they can a concentration camp, and when re- win their readers' full con- leised was forbidden to write and fidence and teach them what publish, democracy really means.

doubt

The 15 editors and publishers yoGON and Sterberger, magazine at the seminar were carefully Keditors, were the only ones with. selected by the military govern whom I talked who had any ment from the U.S., British and that American and British military French zones. The yardstick governments are giving the licensed. used had three parts: anti- press complete freedom. It

that the French maintain agreed Nazism and anti-Communism rigid censorship, though not so com-

Richter,

on the-spot fine of 10 dinars (20 with the Cominform charges against one of the most impressive, is viewpoint.

-Rumanian and Albanian

36.

einco

was.

&

scasions.

Kogon has published considerable. paradise" the accent is on work. Tito's "new order"-Western hopes at the end of the month. There are plus proven love for democracy; plete as that in the Soviet zone.

criticism of the occupation au- Foreigners in Belgrade hotels to the contrary notwithstanding. It few bicycles. The Germans carted ability, as journalists; and posi-

may work them 72 hours a week, most of them away and there are notion in which to influence public thorities, including, one article in. are awakened before seven a.m. but it is solving the housing new ones from the prewar sources, opinion by printing facts. which he contended that the press. by the clatter of store shutters shortage. It may pay them too Italy and Germany.

Most of them are young for in the U.S. zane is not actually free.

of the At one

Бетінаг going up for the day and the little, but it is giving them better

this transportation. It may collect on The gasoline shortage hooks up the jobs they hold.

Kichter tool: him to task for tramp of

government office

has Tito.

"You have raked workers on their way to their cents) for jay-walking, but it

the military Heimut Meyer-Dietrich,

pretty- bureaucratic chores.

cleared the capital's streets of beg supplies have been curtailed fary.

then, but there is still same automo- chief editor of Der Tagesspiegel, government over the coals bile trafic. Most of the cars are which has the largest circula- hard," he soki, "You have accused them of not being demoerotic In The reconstruction of Belgrade Czech-built Skodas or rear-engine since I was last there two years ago Tatras, but there are some American tion of any American-licensed their regulation of the licensed press, Eugen Kogon, Yet when they selected editors to is Impressive. Of 12,000 flats makes. Most of them belong to paper, is 39. destroyed by bombing, soine 0,000 the United States diplomalle corps. publisher of Frankfurter Hefte, come here, you were one they chose. Dets that look as though they were have been repatred, another 3,500 The Government also owns a new ones built, and 5,000 more, arg and Marshal Tito's son flashes about a cultural and political maga- trying to control what you think and

zine, is 45. Dolf Sternberger, say?" under construction.

The working day lasts 12 hours, six days a week. But Sunday is no day of rest. Then thousands of zealous party members, men and women, march through the streets singing on their way to put in day's volunteer labour rebuilding Yugoslavia's roads and railways.

But this symphony of work is not entirely harmonious. In contrast to

MODERN HIGHWAY

of

and

...to.

the city in a Buick convertible.

There aren't mony diversions for the Belgrade citizen of the end A modern highway was begun this his 12-hour working day. The most the enthusiasm of the volunteers is year, with volunteer labour, to popular in Belgrade, as in other the indifference of clerks in the state replace the unimproved road between European cities, is the before

Yugoslavia's after-dinner stroll along the avenues. operated retail stores.-With-the In-Belgrade, and Zagreb, centives for salesmanship gone, they second largest city. It is scheduled During his stroll-he-is-exposed-

matter a chain of super an abundance of reading take little interest in disposing of to be the first in

also Book shops are the most numerous. their

of the city's retail outlets, but their fully skimpy

to sell #Blocks. Que highways. The railways are

rebuilt, But the brightest brooch being

improvement is the contents can scarcely be classified as which had caught the eye of an transportation American newsman in a store win- fleet of shiny red trolley buses, bulit entertainment. Most of the litera- party-line propagande *x- dow. It was too much trouble, he in Italy's Fiat works, which has re- ture is sald, to break up the window dis placed the old street cars on Mar- tolling the glories of the Tito re-

shal Tito Street.

gime and the USSR The only play.

periodicol available in English, is the Moscow "Now Times,"

clerk

1.Indifferent or enthusiastic, how ever, most Serbs seem to favour

They are a welcome addition. The city's 12 taxicabs disappear from the streets when gasolino gets short

爐系

The Yugoslav laboureri He works six days, then on Sanday ho

**marches" off to a day of volunteer' labour, d

NANCY Sorry, No Answer

[1] ECHO LAKE

PROPAGANDA

GAME HUNTERS GET SET FOR NEW TIGER SEASON

By ROBERT BRANSON :.

a frosty bite in the air from a crowd of young women bes THERE'S

these nights that sends a tingle invariably will pick the, most attrac- up the spines of Hyderabad's big tive.

soon will be on.

game hunters. The tiger season 'Sometimes the man-cater stalks u

ΠΟ

fect.

او که

is the same with man-enters."

aro

weeks. But Though the state's game laws set particular victim for

definite season, hunters seldom When he strikes, hunters say, he IF the Belgrade citizen wants to take stalk tigers before December or after strikes with such speed that victims.

in a.moving picture, he may

June. During the other months, the seldom see him. find himself getting another dose of jungles are drenched with monsoon' "Like a boinb," one sportsman ex- propaganda. One British-made film rain and the foliage often is so thick plains. "The deadliest bombs has been showing lately, a Serbo- Croat version of "Great Expecta you couldn't spot a tiger, at three the ones you never see or hear. It tions." But the majority of other pictures are imported from Russia or the other satelite countries.

The Tito government plans to step up the trickle of locally-made filma

Unlike most Ugers, man-eaters when its huge, $30,000,000 movie elty is finished in 1931.

This pro- prefer human flesh to all other prey. fect, on the outskirts of Belgrade, They lurk near roads and village will cover 750 acres and calls for and they can kill a person with two cho was the reincarnation of a land-

The plan or three quick shakes that snap the

coven large sound stages.

As usual, the season's most prized prey will be those deadliest of all tigers-the man-caters.

is to produce at least 25 feature pic-spinal column. tures and 50 short subjects a' year. Local hunters

Yugoslavia's capital boasts one Hyderabad's

claim man-enters are It is club, the Palace. night

shrewdest and florcest in India. jammed, sweaty, smoke-Alled sub- Country people credit them basement, hot 38. Turkish bath,

Hyderabad's most feared man-- eater of recent years was‹ “The Adilibad Phantom," an 11-foot female that devoured an estimated DEATH @ A Her mild a

har broin 500 calibre bullet into this year. Natives of Adilibad sald

owner who had been much in the district..

hated.

that the

cle

with

Tiger shooting styles throughout India. In the north.. hunters shoot from chairs rigged on the backs of elephants. In other regions they lay elaborate. camou- naged traps along jungle trails

vary

Most Hyderabad tiger-hunters.

which offers a stamp-size dance floor supernatural powers and often

cert whole villages when a and a nondescript orchestra. When I visited It the patrons were stripped cater invades their district... to their shirt sleeves and the waltors A man-eater, they say, atways shoot from trees. Dressed in dark. were making a gallant effort to look places his vletim face down on the green or black, they porch them- polished in spite of willed boiled ground Villagers claim he does so selves in special canvas hemmocks shirts and crumpled jackets.

because he sees the image of God In slung about 20 feet above the One night club probably salisties human faces. Hunters explain more ground, within short range of the

CELE resimuly

the Belgrade's need. For to most

carcass of a freshly killed animal. aldents the office worker in western to that he always

Equipped with high velocity rifles, dress, the soldier in the street, the The man-eater reputedly picks his binoculars and flasks of coffee, they peasant in native costume-night | victims with the care of a gourmet, "wait there for the faint talitalo: menns one thing: get ready for a He kills more women than men, and rustle of leaves that is one of the long hard day tomorrow.

prefers youth to age ~76 is said that most dreaded sounds in India. ・・

By Ernie Bushmiller

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