1948-11-08 — Page 8

DEFENCE U.S. LINE AGAINST COMMUNISM

Washington, Nov. 7.-Far East observers said today the prime question before the Truman Ad- ministration is whether to establish a defence line against Communism on the Asiatic mainland or in Japan, Okinawa, and the Philippines.

They said that concern and disillusionment ex- pressed in certain United States official circles regarding the China situation should not be taken as indication that the United States will permit China to fall under Communist domination without some preventive efforts.

They said the strategic con- siderationn have nat been altered by the election of Mr Truman instead of Mr Thomas E. Dewey, and that there is 1. no reason to believe mocratic administration will be any less aware of those factors than a Republican administra- tion would have been. They said there is a probability that the new Congress, with its De mocratic majority, will be more concerned with international the last questions than was Congress.

In addition, they maid, ranny Con- gressmen and Senators who opposeit the foreign aid programme have net | been riected.

by

administration's alleged apathy tu- motivated by wards China were purely polltient reasons and voiced believed they by Individuals who

Chino situation AN saw in the

votes in the opportunity to gain election just passert.

The experts sald since both the Repubilean and Democratic parties are committed to a polley of ald to obylous que 4,915 China there are on to why that ald has been incree- tive and inadequate.

manner ocen

THE HONGKONG. TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1948.

AP

First Direct Move

To End Greek War

Athens, Nov. 7.-A committee of nine prominent Athenian professional men and former Cabinet ministers, identifying themselves as political independents, today cabled Australia's Dr. Evait, supporting his United Nations efforts and stating that the “civil war must be ended only by means of conciliation."

This is the first direct move

with for conciliation

the

The Informants believed the on- swer Hes, at least partly, in United the Statea military opposition to

which military aid hos In man

handled,

sonie and echelons of the State Depar.ment

the sceptlen! attitude on where a

auty of Chinese ibility

said thatisation per- They sald

the military

itary guerillas and the three northern sts. would favour granting military aid

In-states by responsible Greeks, It is the aftermath of the year's unsuccessful offensives to wipe out the guerillas as well as the apparent failure of Greece to obtain additional United States military aid.

China If the programme cluded provision for Amerleau ad- rigger and techuletans to assist the Chinese In the proper use of the equipment.

They

They said the United States has in mind the lesson of the war with Japan, which

been might

STATE DEPARTMENT intervention in prevented

However, as for the State Depart- Manchuria la the early thirties, butment, the problem is not so easily the current Far Eas! situation has resolved. The experts charged that even broader Implications.

when the Chinese tried to purchase military equipment in the United States with their own gold reserve. the State Department blocked the

femet in rnfusias to anno

to approve the anid, how- export licences.

ver, that a ne new Congress and firm attitude Mr Truman adopt a the State Department's reluctance will be overcome.

In addition, there are reports that Me George C Secretary of State, Marshall, will resign In January. Although Mr Marshali has not been aid. to China

informanis, to rollable there is a strong possibility that if he should resign he would be re-

inclined 10 grant further assistance to China,

im- The experts said the most portant point is that Communisma is a worldwide movement, spreading both east and west from Russia, with the avowed purpose of destroying the present form of government in the United States, Britain, France.

other, Italy Communist nation, while Japan's aggression before World War II was bused

at least temporary deferment of an attempt at world domination.

Mad

on an

every

non-

MATTER OF EXPEDIENCY In addition, Japan's allgrument with

The politicas polisted out that there which are the same basic causes underlie M. Sofoulls expected re- signation tomorrow.

Known as the "Athens Proposal," it was cabled to Dr Evatt in French, and the text follows:-

"The

initiative taken by the Australian delegation is received with full satisfaction by the majority of the Greek people, who deem the civil war must be ended only by means of conciliation. On the other hand, your efforts directly to bring

nations the Balkan

to an under- standing are the only thing capable

}

facts were examined by the Comm-

uf Mercy. It was alleged that

the seamen's union files seized by

the police were not presented to the military court trying the cases.

In Lantion. 10 trade accompanied by over 100 sup- porters, went to the Greek: Embassy

U.S. Secretary of State George, C. Marshall (centre foreground) Inspects

鞲

guard of honour of Greece's famous Evzones in front of the Parliament building in Athens. At left is U.S. Ambassador Henry F. Grady and at right is the Evzone company comman. der. While Marshall was making his check of U.S. aid to Greece, newly-trained

Greek

commandos went into action and captured two mountains in the Com- munist” “Free Greece” area. (AP Photo)

Strike In Bizonia Planned

Frankfort, Nov. 7-German trade unlin representatives will meet in Frankfurt on Wednes- day to set the date for a one- day general atrike in the com- bined Anglo-American zones, Ham Jahn, Railway Trade

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PRESS

Union 'secretary for Bizonin, PHOTOGRAPHS

baid on Sunday.

The strike was set for Saturday by top trade union officials in Frankfurt. It le directed against high prices and the wrong economic polley of German au’horities”

Copics of photographs taken

Jalin would not say wholler by the South China Morning Communications would be included Port and Hong Kong Telegraph In tho general strike tho

ni

In the

biggest demonstration in Western Staff Photographers are on view Gerinary pince the end war. "He indicated, however, that they will be assured that we, from the Railway Trade Union, will not stay out of this strike, which will come and has to come as soon as posable", Jahn fold the Associated Press

Transport of occupation forces! supelles will not be affected by the striku..

U.S. Military Government authori ties at the strike would not be banned by order of the occupation powers as long as it is directed solely against soaring prices øy for higher wages."

Any strike for politicul motives, . however, will be prohibited, spokesman of the Bipartile Man power Division

sald-Associated Press.

Costs MONTGOMERY Turmoil Over

in London tonight in fruitless at

fempt to lodge a protest against the death sentences passed on the scamen.

For half an hour, they hammered on the Embassy door and shouted! at windows. They were controlled by the police,

rushed up who reinforcements. When there was na answer to their knocking, the de- putation decided to put their pro- test through the letter box-Heu-

tur.

IN GERMANY

·began

Herford, Germany, Nov. 7.-Field Marshal Lord Montgomery talks with the Military Governors of the Western zanes of Germany On Sunday.

Lord Montgomery, Chairman of Com- the Western Union Military mittee, is touring Western Europe to discuss defence problems. He has spent the first three days Inspecting occupation troops In the

Ruhr.

GUERILLA SMUGGLERS

He arrived at Meile, the official residence of the Athens. Nov. 7-The fleet patrol Governor, Sir Brian Robertson, en British Mutary ship, Patnios, discovered a group of

Sunday. They were joined on Sur ON the smugglers

un- uerilla

Dodecanese

day evening by the French Military island of inhabited. Levida. supplying guerillas on

Governor, Gen. Pierre Koenig.

American Commander-in- unus Island with war material, a Greek

Chief, Gen. Lucius D. Clay, is due Navy Ministry spokesman

to arrive on Monday morning, an announced today.

A detachment of sailors captured olde stated.

Lord

Montgomery declined

ull soldiers talk about

sorts The Greek General Staff com- munique today reported an airesaft

we get together you things when of unknown nationality flying over know," he said.

falks Greece

if the the Peloponnese, Sothern

Asked Sporadie querilla raids on all fronta Western Union defence, he replies. Isn't It?"Ap. were nowhere successful, it said. "That's a big job Reuter.

sociated Press.

Bequest

Pisa, Nov. 7.--The small town of Capannori was in turmoil today in a race to claim, a legacy left to its townsman, poor citizens by their Giovanni Fon'ona in Brazil,

Fontana died in Brazil A year ago. His last will and testament In arrived here a few days ago Portuguese, It was opened threa days ago, and the translators went to work on it so that an itallan copy could be hung in the public square (or the Capannori people to read.

Fontana willed the large. Bar- bacenn estato in Brazil to the late King Victor Emmanuel IIT, and the estate will now go to the exited in King Humberto II, who lives Portugal.

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MISCELLANEOUS

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Germany and Italy in the last war ninced by zome one who inlight be j'of bringing back peace in the Bal-sonic of the guerillas and quantities reveal any detalls of the taiks. Welatives still Uving in Capannori who | ON BALE "Food and Flowers" No, &

was a matter of expediency in the old power polities technique. while Communism presenta a unified front with unified command in unslaught on non-Communist govern- ments.

They said, therefore, it is likely that the new Congress will shortly consider possible consequences be- fore ubanttoning China to Com- munism.

nore

view

поп- the

Observers believed that in of the worldwide attack on

by Communist Rovernment Communists, who consider the United States their greatest enemy, President Truman and Congress wil! a consistent policy of con- adapt taining ComINUMĚSTÍ,

come ob- In the case of China. servers are of the opinion that the policy may entati aiding China in restoring her territorial Integrity, including

sald Manchuria. They

kans and to insure independence of of arms. the Balkan people and the integrity of their territory. We are certain your efforts will be crowned with success, and the Greek people will Include you in its history as the pacifler."

The signers were former minis- lers, Peter Argyropoulos, Nicholas Askoulsis, Ceorge Borazanis, George Kolyvas, Con- Katalis. Dimitrios stantine Manettas and Lukas Bar Assoclution Sakcilaropoulos, President Anastasios Stratogopoulos,

Vladimir Medical

Despite cominent to the contrary, they said. Mr Truman favouis effective aid to China, and many of one reason for this. besides the and head of the Athens University

Department, the Democratic

the attacks

on

World Rice Production

Nears Prewar

United States traditional policy of maintaining China's Independence Bensis, United Press.

and territorial integrity, is the fact that Manchurin is n storehouse of raw materials, urgently needed for the rehabilitation and development of the entire Orient,

NEXT FEW MONTHS These observers stated that the

_STAY_OF_EXECUTION

Athens, Nov. 7. The Greek Prime Minister, M. Sophoulis, re- plying tonight to an appeal by Dr Herbert Evati. the Australian Pre- sident of the United Nations Gen-

nt would be economic as well as eral Assembly, to stay the exceu- military, under the conditions out-tion of 10 Greek scansen sentenced activities, fined by the Economic Co-operation for anti-government Administration's Ching programme declared the order to suspend the been which recommended close co-orera- death sentences had already Washington, Nov. 7-Worldtion with Chinese officials. They given when Dr. Evatt's message

said this would not be unlike the was received.

The move followed a mercy up- biogramme of assistance to Greece.

peal last night by the United No- currently being carried out,

tions Political Committee. Elght of Events in China during the next the 10 men sentenced on Thursday few months and in spring, they said, by an Athens military court were will have a strong effect on the due to be executed tomorrow. The Congressional nititude towards remaining two were expecting further aid to Chine. They sald decision on an appeal as they were

the

rice production almost reached prewar levels this year, U.S. Department of Agriculture reported yesterday.

Crops for the 1848-49 marketing year were estimated at 7,300,000,000 bushels. This compares with 7.100,-

last year and 000,000

a prewar that Generalisalmo Chiang Kal- sentenced by only three voles out average of about 7,450,000,000.

shek's plan would appear to be to lor Ave.

sid situation until spring This year's increase is primarily stabilise the

A Government spokesman the result of modest gains in a largo and then launch'an offensive, equip- the files on the 10 seamen had been number of rice-growing countries. ment being shipped to China from the forwarded to the Council of Mercy, which would examine the individual Important increases were reported] United States.

Korca, Japon.

Malaya and

They said it Chlang holds until 19 Netherlands Indies. Some progress spring further China ald probably

"All legal means of defence will

In

levels.

the

cases.

was inade in recovery of nereages in would be approved. However, IC be granted according to Greek Inw." "There is no question these countries towards prewar the situation further deteriorates he added.

befree, then it is possible that the whatsoever of shooting them before United States would abandon Chien the procedure of the Mercy Council end concentrate

the is over." on building against Communism In Before today's announcement of defence

a postponement of the executions, Japan and the Philippines. They sald such a move would be made the Greek acting Foreign Minister, with the greatest reluctance, 23 M. Stephanopoulos, was understood Chiang Kai-shek is considered the to have discussed the case with the only Chinese leader on whom, the Minister for War, M George Stratos.

LONDON DEMONSTRATION

The Department said large crops are being produced in China. Indian Union Pakistan, the Philip pines, Formosa and Ceylon.

Total production in Europe, Africa and North America probably will again about equal the record

of last

harvested shows ди in-

Crop Department gold the world's United States.may-place its hopes.

-acreage

LENIENT VIEW

crease of three percent over pre- Experts sold offcials here are in- The wives of eight of the con-

war. Average per acre yields are

less as a result of continued short-clined, to adopt a lenient view to demned men sent an appeal to the ages of ferilisers and lower yields wants the Generalissimo's alleged Allied Ambassadors

on sub-m of expansion.'-

in Athens,

5 postpone-

land in some areas shortcomings, particularly when I is urging them to seek *rginal

concllcred that China has not been ment of the executions until Political unrest in. French Indo-at t peace for 20 years.

problem, The

they said, is to unf-

China was said to be proventing any substantial gain in seedings. They China and reform the government, only but if reforms can be carried out Department said Slam is the exporting country in Asia that has at the same time as unification so steadily increased its rico acreage much the belter. since the end of the war,—Associated Press

SIAM'S SURPLUS

Korea Rebellion: Soviet Report

the

Sald

one

official: "Coalition government with the Communists would mean surrender to the Com- munista. If has been demonstrated in De Czecho- Bangkok, Nov. 7.-Siam's export- noveral countries, such able surplus of rice next year mayovakia, that compromisa with the well approach the prewar figure Communists leads to complete Com the rebellion against the puppet of 1,300,000 tons, the English daily, munist domination of the govern- Laborty, reported today.

London, Nov. 7.-The Soviet news agency Tass carried a dispatch today quoting Pyongyang radio, in Soviet- occupied North Korea, as saying that government In Southern Korea" le ment. And Communist domination

spreading..

Tho

In American- government The newspaper quoted the Minis- of the country means inclusion in occupied outh Korea

was estab Lio Soviet ter of Commerce, Phy Mahalawan,

empire."

ished after balloting_conducios' by as the authority for this estimate. The Far East experts sold tha

aware a UN commission on Korena body The Minister

Inadequate United States officials are transport facilites and the shortage that Communist activities in the boycolled by the Soviet Union. Tass, of farm labour as the main problems Far East ars n phase of a global quoted Radio Phongyang as saying, omain to drain the Unitert States "Soldiers of, the 14th Regiment, who. confronting the rice export trade.

popu Commenting on. the forthcoming of Its resources. They said, how reboiled together with, the Sjameso purchasing mission to Bri- wor, that the nited States would lation, have gone over to guerilla ho both willing and able to aid fighing." It, added that American tain, the Minister sold: "I have no

"In the struggle against troops were supporting the "puppet" doubt the mission will be a great China

Communismi,"United Press, forces. Jalled Press. Auccess."--Houtar.

Envo

Town officials checked thoroughly trto see whether Fontana had any re- et might contest the will and claim a

shore of the legacy.

Fontano left his native town so long ago that hardly any record of him could be found in the city hall The Mayor suld that it difficult to identify

concernco

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