1948-11-04 — Page 1

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hongkong Telegraph.

VOL. III NO. 261

And A New Congress

Washington, Nov. 3-The consolidated their Дегностав

control of the HOW United States Congress on Wednesday.. Their majority in the House of Representatives approached landslide proportions.

or

The voters-in 3 wiariling

40 upset-unseated

More Republican Blouse members aud gave the Democrats, a majorliy In the Senate. If the breath- taking trends continue, the new Congress pbably will look something like this:

House Democrats 242 seats; Republicans 192 seats: Ameri- can Labour 1 seat.

(The Republicans control the outcome Congrera House 243 to 185-with two

Labour members

vacancies.)

American five

and

Senate Demnerals 50

Republicans.42 cats.

stats:

(The Republicans control the old Seale 51 to 45).Anso- ciated PreN.

JAP FLEET

PROTEST

Shanghai, Nov. 4.-The American proposal for the restoration of the Japanese merchant fleet to a pre- war level of 4,000,000 tons instead of 1,000,000 tons as agreed in, the Potsdam Declaration was

strongly

protested by the National Associa- tion of Chinese Shipowners yester- dny in lotter submitted to the. National Federation of American Shipping.

The letter, bearing the signatures: of six Chinese prominent in the merchant marine business here, was organisation sent to the American

in support of the latter's protest over an increase. Of Japanese maritime shipping tonnage.

The letter proposed: Firstly-the restriction Japanese merchant fleet to 1,000,000

tons,

restriction

of the

of 10

Secondly-the

activities Japanese shipping coastal trade" excluding them from overseas commerce.

powers.

Thirdly-The

MR

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1948.

PLEASE GIVE

GENEROUSLY

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Price 20 Cents

TRUMAN'S How Candidates Shared The States All Feared

ASTOUNDING VICTORY

Dewey Will Never Run For

The Presidency Again

New York, Nov. 3.-President Truman today led his down and out Democratic Party back to poli- tical power in an astounding election upset. He won the Presidency against odds that looked insurmount- able to everyone but him. It was the closest race since the Wilson-Hughes seesaw battle 32 years ago. But in this race, Mr Truman went out in front on the first returns and was never headed.

Riding the glory train with him was a small army of other Democratic candidates. They cap- tured more than enough seats to insure solid Democratic control in both Houses of the Congress.

It was a stunning defeat for New York's Republican He lost to governor Thomas E. Dewey and his party.

But he the formidable Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. had been expected to win against Mr Truman. The younge challenger folded his headquarters in New York City and went back to his gubernatorial job in Albany. It looketi like the end of the political trail for the onetime racket buster who always had managed to take defeat in his stride and bounce back into the national picture stronger run for the Presi He said he would never than ever.

́ ́dency again...............

électoral

college vote" of An estimated 47,000,000 Americans bined voted. At 0 p.m. EST on Wednesday 304-38 over the winning majority of

unofficial and still incomplete returns 531 electoral votes. compiled by the Uniled Press showed

It was a horse race all through Mr Truman night with Blandings for four major these candidates: Truman 21,327,670; Tuesday Dewey, 10.718.053: Wallace, 094.333 clinging to a narrow lead that the Republicans. thought would be melted Thurmond, 823,305. which should

away when the rural vote came in. Mr Truman had been counted Their hopes skyrocketed when New out in advance by all pre-election York's 47 electoral votes went to polls. His party was torn into war- Dewey in the early morning hours. a Presidential ring factions of right and left and Not since 1810 had the oldtime Democratic chieftains candidate won, without New York. of the Roosevelt

wanted to

A. Wallace's It

Henry was throw him overboard at the party convention last June. But the Ame- defection from the Democratie camp ricen volers proved how wrong that cost Mr Truman the Empire Party State.

Progressive their bosses were He-rolled up n

than plurality of more

1,500,000 candidate polled over half a million popular votes over Dewey and took votes in New York. Mr Truman command of 28 states with a com- trailed Mr Dewey in the State by

only 50,000.

solely by undertaken by the Allied

apportioning of surplus tonnage and shipbuliding equipment among the Allies as re- parations and the approval of the Chinese claim for 500,000 tons ΟΙ Japanese vessels.

Fourthly the early conversion of various outstanding problems such as reparations, Japan's industrial requirements, and merchant marine restrictions-Reuter,

EDITORIAL

cra

Mr Truman's Triumph

THE re-election of Mr Harry.

Truman

AA

of be

President the United States cafi considered orie of the areatest personal achievements complished by a candidate for fomi: the highest office in the

дя

ever ap-

It will also go down in hktory the most extraordinary example of the fallibility of pre-election polls, surveys and prophecies which hitherto have been accepted as classlo baro.

the

100

meters. of public opinion. Pre- Lident Truman, reported one news agency, had been "virtually Written

by the Press and and

JA

110T Foils, apparent they both made the profound

of Ignoring malake possible effect of Mc country. Truman's tour of the

candidate could complete

the

No

Arch

A prostamme

and personal

of oratory contact with WINA some

elector without leaving nort

of impression other thatt Truman's

Indifference. In Mr

must case the reactions ́bean favourable, for he captured votes then those

many

arout

publican-dominated 80th Con- Ereas rejected this solution, but Mr Truman can now expect luve it pushed through with members of hip party postessing majority votes in both houses, XL 35 also possible that Truman

will find Il necessary to repeal the Taft-Hariles Act in order to please

Trade Union

supporters, Civil Rights programme cerisin

an

his while

will

The

OHIO SENSATION

Then came the electrifying word. that Ohio with its 25 electoral votes

O

၁၁၉)

t

ล

O

FF)

TK is

PRESIDENTIAL VOTE| BY STATES

ROUBLICAN DEMOCRAT

PROGRESSIVE

VICTURAL

INCOMPLETI

The above illustration shows at first glance how the candidates for the Presidency: shared the States and gained, the electoral votes. · Mr Truman with 28 States won 304 electoral votes, Mr Dewey carried 16 States for an electoral poll of 189 votes and Mr Thurmond-four States with a vote of 38.

TOJO

Trade Union

Leaders May

had gone to Mr Truman. Mr Dewey Be Arrested

threw in the sponge. At 11 am. had EST he announced that he conceded.

The nows

French Government's Warning

flashed around the world to the waiting millions in Europe and the Far East who had been watching fearfully for a sigu

Paris, Nov. 3.-The French of change In American foreign

nene, and Mr Cabinet will prosecute all trade polley. There wos

who

can be Dewey who had endorsed bipartisan union lenders

the start of his proved foreign polley at bis

to have ordered campaign emphasised again in his

sabotage the

or instructed safety to telezram of concession

abandon their posts all Americans men to President: "I urge

to

TOJO TO LEARN HIS FATE DURING THIS WEEK

Tokyo. Nov. 4.-The ́ ́) International Military Tribunal for the Far East reconvened today to pass judgment on former Premier Hideki Tojo and his 24 co-defendants, but it may be a week before the former Japanese leaders find out whether they will hang, go back to prison or go free:

At 9.30 today (Tokyo time) the Tribunal Presi- dent, Sir William Webb, of Australia, began reading*

and sen the long document which has the verdict tences for individual defendants at its conclusion.

hove

Killed In B-29 Crash

SEARCH PARTIES GO OUT

B-29

3-A London, Nov. Superfortress crashed on Wednesday near Manchester. A United States Third Air Divi- sion. Headquarters spokesman said that no sign of life is visible" around the wreckage.

He added that it was not known immediately how many men were aboard the plane.

The plane one of the 90 Super- fortresses stationed in Britain-took oft from Scampton' air base neur Lincoln on Wednesday morning.

It was bound for Burtonwood, Lancashire alle of n recently established United States air baso for Use repair and servicing of heavy planes.

The plane crashed on top of a hill 2,088 feet high, 13 miles south- Least of Manchester.

It had been lying through broken clouds which lowered the ceiling to 2,000 feet, Bald the first announce. ment from the Third Air Division Headquarters.

The plane was from the 301 Bomb Group.

A B-20 usually carries A crow of ten or 11 mori-Associated Prom, SEARCH BY RESCUERS Heyßeld, Derbyshire, Nov. 3L-A Royal Air Force, mountain, rescue team from Buxton, Derbyshire, and United States Air Force-search party were sent out into the Derby- shire hills tonight to the wreckage of the United

Air Force States

which super-fortress bomber

hod cruslied on the hillside near-Hoy- feld.

There is little hope for the safely. of the crew of 13.

Wreckage

which of the plane, was on a routine training Fight from

p Scampion

Burtonwood, Lancashire, was first located by aircraft which reported no signs of visible life.

Heyfield inhabitants told reporters ·

fly low over they heard a plane the, town just before the crash was reported and that it was very misly nt the time.

Slates Air Forte

There was no Immediate Indica- erected at Sugamo Prison here in tion as to the high court's decisions. Tokyo where the defendants

After two and a half years of been hela. hearing of evidence and deliberating,

It has been impossible thus far The United the 11-nation trbunal was Anully

one of the to find out whether the bodies of headquarters in England stated tb- near its end. It was longest and one of the most im- those executed will be turned overnight that there were three officers to the families or whether the bodies and 10 airmen in the crashed plane. portant trials in history.

of_condemned men will be buried in Burtonwood has been used by

USAF for secret unmarked graves to prevent the

some → węčks--in- their becoming shrines to martyrs, preparation for servicing American United Press.

planes engaged on the Berlin airlift, The first plane to land there for maintenance touched down lost Tuesday,

Both the Japanese and Allled spectator galleries were packed with people to see what would happen to Axis of the Tojo-the only one dictators to face trial by the victor nallons. But there was no quick clue

about which defendants might hans Woman Aviator

which might get prison sentences o

which may be found not guilty.

SECRET JUDGMENT

The highly secret judgment docu-

ment is reported

to be 1.700 La

Is 'Safe

Tokyo, Nov. 4.-The United States 1,800 pages in length and is divided Far East Air Force headquarters Into three major sections.

court's

that Mrs

The first acction deals with the sald today it had received a report

from Shemya, Alaska, general phase of the trial, covering Richard Morrow-Tail, the English andings on legal points. The second there at 11.31 p.m. GMT yesterday. questions of law and the

round-the-world flyer. had landed part deals--in broad terms-with The 1,778 miles hop from Chliose, individual defendants. The third and Hokkaido was the longest overwater. Bnal section contains the verdict and hop for Mrs Morrow-Tait and her

anvigator. Michael Townsend.

sentences.

to unite behind you In support of during the coal strike, it was

Court oficials estimated before the trial reconvened today that it keep every effort

our nation learned here tonight. strong and free and establish peace

Observers believed a number of may take a week for the tribunal's in the world." mixed feelings.

Communist trade union oflcials will president to read through the early will there

part with which be arrested as a result of this decl part of the long judgment down to sion but It is not thought any well Japanese wor leaders aro known Communist politicians--such concerned. as M. Maurice -Thorez, the party

However,

to provide A feature of Congressional legislation during the next four years. Oukide of the United States the success of President Truman received with

It is known While be no fundamental change foreign

the polley,

Nanking Government, in particular, will with view the election result some misgivings. Nanking proc tically had

assurance from the Republicans that if Dewey won, American ald to China would be increased. Mr Truman and the Democrats gave no

such promise during the election cam- paign. On the other hand, Nanking has no reason to believe of the trade unionists who were that its current misfortunes will

leaders

the While Instructed by their

pass unnoticed by House. uppart the President. Nor does

past few weeks have The the story of the 1948 Republican seen a speeding up of American debacle end there. This

ald,

AN President and so long Was supposed to be a Republican Truman and Congress can feel

and assured that further year, but it has turned out to

assistance be's Democratle

for in

will substantial year, aaahton

the lo retaining

overy properly used, there is pre- sidency, the party has won back

that this will cause to bellove zanjorities in

Sonate and be

And

In forthcoming. Europe the election resulis guarantee that Marshall Plan will be Interruption; without pursued.

..States that the Unlled " continue to rive the fullest the North Allantio support to

flance; will continue also strongly to resist Communist ex pansion and whit hold Drmly to the - position. of the

Berlin. In thort, powers in American policy will continue to dominate laternational affairs, substantially through the mediard of the United Nations organisa- tion, alliance to which President' Truman has already pledged klni- self and his country.

сан

the

House of Representatives. Thus, for the first Ume in two years, President Truman

sand can mesarea to Congress in the full confidence that it will support them with the necessary legisla- tion. It bo concelved -that- there will be sharp changes in the country's social, economic 'hind 'Industrial' affales. President „Truman's greatest domestle pre- socupation during past months has been the mounting high cont [of@lving, Ila · solution for that ... problem, dépends very largely on the Fellerailon of price controls, which are simast eerlain to Involvo subsidies. The, Ro.

the

moro

Former President Herbert Hoover issued a statement in New York on the same theme. He said: "All Americans will now rally unitedly to President Truman's support, that we may have peace on earth and prosperity for our country."

and

the

to

the former

more

on

before the judges get Secretary, or Deputy Jacques Duclos, down to individual sentences, they will be affected

will announce several important! The Cabinet today also approved innings that may count for a lot in proposals to be submitted to Parlia- future International relations. MR TRUMAN CALM ·

ment for increasing the penalues The court is expected to hand for treason, sabotage, interference down decisions on a number of President Truman was waltung with the freedom to work, plots points, including the right of a calmly in a Kansas City hotel room against the Constitution and "collec-obligation of a nation

violate treaties, the when word came that Mr Dewey tive disobedience No details

to declare of od given up and that he (Truman)

war before beginning hostilities and the proposals were made public. running and his vice-Presidential

The Minister of the Interior, M. the question of whether or not an mate, Senator. Alben Barkley of

also will rule Kentucky, were in.. He hugged his Jules Mocht, announced in a broad- aggressive war constitutes a crime.

It probably' cast to the nation today that miners' brother, J. Vivian Truman,

pickets had been cleared from every whether or not Individual leaders grinned n big grin Then he said pit they had ocqupled in France's of a nation are criminally able soberly: "I just want to deserve the strike-bound coalfields.

for the acts of the nation. honour." bo

RIGHT TO WORK

ELABORATE PRECAUTIONS Reviewing the position in his

Elaborate precautions have been broadcast, the Minister, sald in the

defendants prevent the whole of France yesterday 44.024 taken to miners went to work in the morning from commiting suicide, and out of a total of 145,000 affected in prevent others from attacking them. wire the day shifts,

A new seven-strand barbed fonce has been thrown around the "By safeguarding, the right to court building which is the former Ministry building. Thus the Democralle regime he work, he declared, "the Govern- Japanese war ist of the inherited "on President Roosevelt's ment has thrown down the whole Persons

going in death in 1945 was extended again fabric of constraint and sometimes building and courtroom are subject and will cover a span of at least 20 of terror which the Communist to scan is by pass only, and only"

country

Adniission chain succession ainco tho. He

M. Moch appealed to the publicanern that began with Pre-

next Sunday will

There are milliary police just delegates who sident Lincoln in 1860 and rati

you look-and olect the

new members of the about everywhere without a break until 1834. **

French Upper Chamber to elect they are well armed.

It still is a secret as to what will Millions of young Americane- whot men who, whatever their party, are voted in their first Presidential absolutely determined to uphold the be done with any defendant found alection yesterday cannot remember Government in its heavy tank of guilty and sentenced to death. It is when a Republienn was in the White freeing the country from trouble- presumed they will be hanged and. | House-Unlled Preas.

makers and totalitarians"Reuter. not shot. Now gallows have been

Mr Truman had pulled off the century. of the political miracle crushed Mr Wallace and the Southern State's Rights rebels led by Governor J. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, and breathed new life into his Party.

り

years. That is the longest political Party bad built up in the munici a law" posses have been given.out.

pal

They Had been unreported for several hours and a search was ordered. Two Air Force B-17s and n D-3 took part in the search. Associated Press.

Scampton was the main base at which

arrived in superfortresses

of July

this year. It previously used by Royal Air Force Lincoln bombers-Reuter,

two

was

the

Reds Closing In S30 Francisco, Nov. 3. The Chinese Communists on Wednesday asserted they were driving the Government troops from their Inst footholds in Manchuria, parts of Yingkow and Hulutao.

A broadcast said the Government to flce from troops were trying Hululao but that only their com- manders, Gen Wei Li-huang and General Tu Li-ming, had been able 10 escapo by plane.Associated Press,

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