1948-08-07 — Page 4

by

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,~-

SATURDAY, AUGUST 7, 1948...

Russia's fear of the

Can

• ·

United States

it be removed?

JOHN GORDON

W heads with Russia? decisions shall be unanimous,

What are the differences will

IY are we at logger- "The Control Council, whose

ensure appropriate unt- of opinion that divide us so formity of action by the Com- dangerously? Do the looming manders-in-Chief in their re- clouds mean that a third world spective zones of occupation war is inevitable and imminent? and will reach agreed decisions In their reply to the joint on the chief questions affecting British-American-French de Germany as a whole." mand that the Berlin blockade The basis of Allied policy was bo lifted the Russians curtly defincil in a number of agree- said "No." And they gave in ments, of which the two most justification for their refusal a important are those made at list of "chargės” against the Yalta before the war enuled and Western Powern.

later at Potsdam when Germany

These charges were roughly: lay prostrate.

(1) There is an agreement hotween Russia, Britain, America, and France that Ger- many should be under a Govern-

A PROTOCOL

On reparations

on grounds of race, creed, and political opinion was forbidden. Provision was made for ju ́tice under inw, and equal rights for all citizens and for freedom of speech and Press.

On the economic side it was agreed that Germany was to be treated as an economie` unit, and provision was made for an equit- able distribution of essential commodities between the zones, for common policies for import and export programmes for Germany as A whole, and for currency and banking.

was

HE SAID 'NO' Then the Iron Curtain How was that agreement carried out? In 1946. when the heavily. In dustrialised British zone elmculties because of food shortages, Mr Bevin sought to secure food and ald from the Russia Molotov said "No."

To later requests

he kept In fact an "Iron Cur- saying "No." lain" had descended cutting of the Soviet zone

from the government of the rest of Germany,

Information of disconcerting hap- that Zone began to

The Yalta agreement express. ment of these four Powers, ed in precise terms the deter- But Britain. France, and mination of the four Alles to America have broken that destroy German militarism anl agreement by setting up

A Nazism, to bring all war Government of Western Ger- criminals to just and swift which Russians have punishment, and in the gad to bring back to Germans the hone of a decent Ufe and a place in penings In the comity of nations.

ment in no share:

(2) That breach of agreement has rendered null and void the right of the three Western Powers to share in the govern- ing of Berlin, which is deep in

the Russian zone.

FIRST STEP

Yalta decisions What justification, what truth is there in those charges? Let us seek the facts. How did four- Power government come to be established over Germany?

There was also a protocol, not the time. which published at declared that "reparation shall

be in three forms.

two

"(1) Removal within years from the national wealth of Germany (to be carried out chiefly for the purpose of destroying her war potential).

"(2) Yearly deliveries of goods from current production for a period to be fixed and

of German]

The first step was taken at the Yalta conference between "(3) The Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt labour." in February 1945. It was then announced that--

use

The Potsdam agreement, 1945, in

"Co-ordinated adininistration signed on August 2, and control (of Germany) has some respecta revised the Yalta decisions without. however,

been provided for through a abrogating them. It set forth. Central Control Commission

for example, that the payment consisting of the Supreme Com. of reparations should leave, manders with headquarters in enough resources to enable the -Berlin."

German people to subsist with- out external assistance.

On June 6, 1915, a further atatement was issued by ile four Governments on the control machinery. It said:--

In the political field it was agreed that all discrimination

Officialdom wants to end. West End's Little Paris

AND

JESTS

JEERS

We seem to be back in the Muddle Ages.

Idealists maintain that ali - tions should shape the atom bomb. Pessimista maintain that they well.

Fashion noto-there'll be very Hito change in men's pockets this

ECOGOT

Overheard at the bar: "Her husband's a black marketeer, and she lives in guilty-edged necurl-

zone.

Mr

01

circulate.

The Western members of the Control Government in Berlin ne- cured the Russians of

wholesale

removal of goods and machinery

from their zone under the guise of reparations.

The Russians refused to produce figures of what they had taken. The charge was made that they had bled the zone white by taking some 25 per cent. of the total Industrial capnelly of the zone.

The Western Allies have also ac- cused the Russians of violating the "freedom" clauses of the Potsdam agreement by establishing a totali

tarian police State by retaining con- centration camps, and by removing a very large number of men, women, and children to Russia under con- ditions equivalent to deportation.

In December 1946 Britain and Americti agreed to work their zones as one economic unil. They declar- ed that this action was forced upon them by the non-co-operation policy of the Russians.

The Introduction of a new currency for the combined zones followed as the only hope of establishing economic equilibrium.

THE RUHR

Do they seek a share?

So much for the allegation made by the Russians that it was the Western Allies who broke the Four Power Control agreement.

without

It is suggested that the Russians, having stripped their zone considering the needs or rights of the Western Allies or the Germans, now look with longing eyes on the

and seek rich industrial Ruhr large share of that as well. It may

be so.

But behind all, there is a driving force more urgent and compelling than merely a desire to loot Ger- many. That driving force la fear

fear of America.

The Russians--that is the relatively small number of Bussions, prob- ably no more than 200, who con trol Soviet Itussin from within the thick red walls of the Kremlin-are desperately afraid that the Ameri- eans, bitterly hostile 10 all than Communism and the police State stands for, intend to use Germany na n base in Europe for the destruc-

tion Russia.

of the Soviet rulership in

Now Britain as a nation has no enuse to love Coramunism any more than the United States.

We believe in democracy, not the pollee State. We stand for freedom in which the concentration camp has no place.

In any showdown that should come between America and Rusdo we must Inevitably align ourselves with the United States.

But let us realise quite frankly that we can piny no great part in such a conillet if it came. In indus- trial production and in manpower we are a pigmy nation compared with either Russia ar America.

There is, however, an opportunity open to us.

War is not inevitable, although it is always possible when swords are being rattled and conts trailed pro- vocatively,

ая

Britain can aid in keeping it from becoming inevitable by trying, mediator between the two scowling nations, to bring them to n mon agreement that will preserve

редее.

A PROPOSAL Leave the Germans

com-

cus

The supreme service Britain render to the world today is to calm, If she can, the devouring fear that Russia has of the United States. Can that be done?

If Russia's fear is that Germany continent is being made an American or any other part of the European base for action against her, why not carry a step further the talks on four-Power government which Russia Inelentes she might accept.

Why not suggest to Russla openly across the conference table that we might al, Russia, Britain, Amerien, and France nilke, agree to quit Ger-

many

altogether and leave that

miserable country to work out her own salvation subject only to safe- guards against her military reyival?

*

DAB and FLOUNDER

By WALTER

"The Voice"Ends 33 Years Of Army Drill

CAMBERLEY. - Regimental Sergeant-Major Arthur John Brand, MBE-"The Voice"- ended 33 Army years on July 14 when he stopped up to the saluting base at Sandliurat's Evening Standard Reporter. passing out parade, said 211

He came to attention with n mighty stamp of the feet, gave one of his celebrated salutes, and received from the King the decoration of Members of the Victorian Order 5th Class. Its blue ribbon alrendy leads the

double row on his tunic.

For on July 14 the 52-year- | old sergeant-major retired, after spending 11 of his 33 years at Sandhurst.

The sergeant-major was known as "Old Leather Lungs" before he was named "The Volce." The reasons

KREMLIN MEN Do they want war?

such

suggestion allayed Russia's fear suflelently to make agreement and continued peace-are obvious. possible, it would be better fur mankind than life under the present shadows.

And I Russia refused, then R would be clear to all men where the responsiblity Iny.

I doubt wheiber Russia wants war. it may well be true that Communism as a creed seeks to conquer the world. But that cannot be done by war. And the men in the Kremlin are well aware of it.

Indeed, I should think that, in 'spite of their all-too-limited know- edge of the rest of the world, they know also that war, especially at this time, means thele complete and certain destruction.

Whispering Baritone

I heard the voice as my car ap- pronched the headquarters building at the Royal Military Academy, and that was manybe quarter of a mile away.

But the surprise comes when you meet the RSM socially. He be comes such

a whispering baritone that it is quite difficult to hear what he is saying.

I heard him in full song at the rehearsal held for the passing-out parade. His voice rang mightily when he gave orders.

Then it dropped.

FIRST LOOK-INSIDE THE £3,000,000 DIDCOT RESEARCH STATION

Atom Hotel: steel doors

slam if

a clock

strikes twelve...

large samples of British-male plutonium-are to be processed atomic explosive-the metal

within a few months it will produce enough for tho Didcot scientists to work out designs for the massive production furnaces to be built al Sellafield, in the Lake District.

It will also help to pay its way

producing radioisotopes artificial forms of radlum--urgently needed for medical research and treatment. These aro made by

table salt and phosphorous-in-the atomic heat of the

furnace. Soon

export. Didcot will be producing enough for

. SCIENTISTS, engineers, and building teams have becn In these laboratories the first cooking cheap ingredients such as -working on a 200-acre atomic research station near Didcot, in Berkshire. Security restrictions have muffled all news of its progress. At the end of July, after months of negotia tions, Britain's atom station was opened for inspection. In this on-the-spot report, a well-known science reporter tells how £3,000,000 is giving Britain a stake in the Atomic Age.....

HARWELL, near Didcot.

by CHAPMAN PINCHER

men will analyse and process N the middle of this chemicals many times more

sprawling Boom Ton, dangerous than pure radium. where there are inore

This

The Atom Hotel will also make

history እድ the first building In the world to be, heated by atomle power. This will come from tho sanc Source as the explosive-a uranium furnace now in full opera- tion 50 yards away.

The furnace a mass of uranium, graphite and concrete twico (as bir

By pressing a button the operator can boost the furnace to its top limit of 8,000 horse power in a fow seconds. A single control shuts it down completely when it threatens

to overheat,

The furnace would have to run for nearly 20 years to make enough plutonium for one atom bomb. But

The elaborate air-conditioning as an average house produces hent builders to the acre than any-

plant is there to ensure that equivalent to that of 00,000 clectric where alse in Britain, stands what looks like an ultramodern lethal radio-active dust is suck fires.

ed away. The lenden walls of hotel.

the cupboards and atorage

will two-storey cabinets

the elegant,

protect building faces the Berkshire scientists from the deadly gam Downs,

contrasting stangely ma rays and highspeed bullets aluminium thrown off by exploding atoms. with the rows of prefabs which are, in fact, the And the bathrooms? The homes of the scientists who effects of radio-active chemicals work by day in the Atom Hotel. are so insidious that the scien

Never have architects Lists are compelled by Medical schemed HO cleverly in Research Council regulations to the interests of privacy take a shower and put on a com Land comfort. The entire plete change of clothes after upper floor houses an intricate every shift in a "hot suite." system of pipes and electric funs THERE have been chair and which do nothing more than tables and bay trees outside the ensure that the men and women for the last 30 years...you can sit in the 12 three-roomed suites A there and drink... Just like Paris.

AT THE TABLES Outside Mayfair's Red Lion,

Red Lion, Waverton-street, Mayfair,

The Red Lion is in a secluded sido street, only a hundred yards or so from Piccadilly, but the noise of trame is only a faint murmur.

on the ground floor shall breathe the purest air.

For Safety

Warning Eye

LL experiments here have to be carried out from behind the safety of lend walls two

inches thick.

ގ

Flasks and test-tubes must bo watched through mirrors and Bottles must be Now officialdors has noticed the EACH suite the workaday periscopes.

home of three atomic opened and poured from by a chairs and little tables and the boy research workern-is self-cou- robot system of jointed arms trées, Officialdom, Westminster Council, sent a letter to licensee. T. tained with it's own bathroom. and mechanical hands.

By pressing a button, which

M. Horn.

tion of the highway."

the obstruction being caused on the public way outside your pre-

The letter was headed "Obstruc- brings down a steel door port- At all times the "eyes". of cullly-fashion, the tenants can other robot mechanism are on It drow Mr Horn's attention "to Isolate themselves completely the workers-automatically re- cording the strength of the rays from their neighbours. mises by ning chairs, two tables, But there is something about to which, occasionally, in spite two beaches and two bay trees, this half-finished building which of all precautions, they are ex- which appear to have been placed gives away its true nature. The posed. there for the use of your customers."furnishings and fittings of this In each suite is a large clock Atom Age laboratory aro mado linked with these robots. If the forthwith,uested. to

Mr Horn countered with a letter of lead Instead of oak and clock strikes 12 the scientists 15 things have been

his solleflor pointing out that chromium. And the refinements. know that the deadly rays are there for are for the scientists' safety escaping. Then they hurriedly Judge: Have you anything to say 30 years and that if there any not for their comfort, explained leave the suite, pressing the before sentence is passed?

'obstruction it la purely technical as Prisoner: May it please your lord the pavement is used almost ex-

chlof chemist Dr. A. C. Gillieson, button which slams down the ́ship, can. I have my counsel examined | clusively by his patrons, and the

In the 12 "hot suites" (their steel door to seal off the danger by a paychiatrist?”

public-house adjoins a blank wall. official name) 86 men and wo- urca.

He was

remove them

|

Two Targets

IDCOT is a story of achievement. The men behind it had to start their work from scratch, working in odd cubby holes while the permanent buildings-delayed for lacic ni materials-were being creeted.

Now their top priority target is to provide the knowledge and design the equipment for the Government to carry out its decision "to base national defence on atomic arma,

ments."

Target No, 2 1s to exploit the post- sibilities of atomic power for In- dustry in Britain and the Empire.

The problems involved are more complex than anything yet faced, but the Didcot team, under lis chiet, Sir John D. Cockcroft, is well on

the way to solving them.

If you want convenience.

Compare... and you will choose

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Krem a child son lift⋅ Plymouth's paunterbalamood trunk lid. You, will like the full-width doors, the ***• autometie Interior Bghtlog', ..

and push-button ́EDRESAS,"

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BY ANY COMPARISONS

COUNTERBALANCED "TRUNK LID."

THE

YOCE

QBM Brand of Sandhurst

"Gentlemen," he whispered, with proceeded to deadly calm, and he criticise in softly scathing terms the manner in which the "Gentlemen" wére keeping their ranks.

All the same, the cadets admire and respect him. "He is a fine chap -although he tells us when we go wrong," one of them said.

RSM Brand is the most celebrated sergeant-major in the British Army. Thousands of officers have passed through his hands at Sandhurst, and he has made his voice known. to thousands more as RSM of the First Battalion, Grenadier Guards.

"I have attended more parades than any other sergeant-major in the Army," he remarked in modestly quiet tones,

was

There is romance behind the dignifled Gft. 2in. facade of this im- pressive man with the thick Iron grey hair, black bristling moustache, with his formal dress and puttees. Going To Capetown

He

"lent"

the South to African Government in 1034, and during that visit he met a South -African-girl. She-come-to England for the Coronation, in which the RSM marched in the proccasion, and they were married in London.

Now, with their two children, Myrna (10) and Michael (8), they are selling up and going to Cape- town.

They will stay with Mrs Brand's parents until a job is found for the most celebrated RSM in the British Army.

"I don't know what it will be," sak he.

"I have no trade. 1 have been a soldier all my life. But 1 think I can turn to anything.".

RSM Brand is to be succeeded in his famous job at Sandhurst by an- other Grenadier Guardsman-RSM J. C. Lord.

His successor has a lot to live up to. Monty has called RSM Brand "the super sergeant-major."

Later on another successor may be young Michael Brand. Aged 3, ne can, says his father, salute as smartly as any Guardsman. "And if he or ders me," smlled RSM Brand, "I have to go out into the garden and drill him myself.”

SAFETY HYDRAULIC BRAKES amurayón of

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