1948-06-11 — Page 1

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MacArthur Wins A

Policy Victory

Washington, June 10.-The Far Eastern Commission has given the Supreme Allied Com mander, General Douglas

MacArthur, blanket authority to send Japanese abroad to attend inter- governmental conferences;

victory for This was a policy General MacArthur and the United States and a defeat for those na- tions which wanted General Mac- Arthur to secure Commission ap- proval on each case as it came up. The FEC decision was commu- nicated to General MacArthur to-

tha day after

Commission

agreed on it late yesterday.

Commission sources

parently

had

Gold

it rip- paved the way for FEC

American i approval of two other

to send

Japanese students abroad to receive educa- tion and one to permit interna. tlonal travel by Japanese business.

proposals, one

men.

ONE STIPULATION

The Commission directive authorised General MacArthur to send SCAP observers abroad to any inter-governmental conference in

invited to send re which he was presentatives and permitled him to have Japonese technical personnel accompany the observers If he wished.

The only qualification is that the country in which the conference is being held would have to give its permission for the Japanese to enter.

For the Proprieter of HONGKONG TELEGRAFIY, For and on behalf of

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Printer and Publiaben

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· TODAY'S WEATHER: Moderato or fresh Boutheast winda; cloudy, with occasional rain.

1 p.m. Observations: Barometrio pressure, 1002.4 mbs., 20.00 In. Temperature, 78.9 deg. F. Dow polni, 74 deg. F. Relative humidi- ty, 91. Wind direction, South. Wind force, 10 knots.

Low water: 1 ln, at 8.10 p.m.

water:

8 flṛat 3.19 6.21. (Saturday),

hongkong Telegraph.

VOL. III NO. 136

FRIDAY, JUNE 11, 1948.

Malaya Beset By Campaign Of

Violence

HIGH COMMISSIONER

FOR INCREASED

ASKS POWERS

London, June 10.--An authoritative Whitehall source said today that the Communists have organised "a highly sustained and well directed campaign of violence in Malaya which has assumed the scale of a resistance movement."

He claimed the Malayan Communists are seeking, "to oust British rule" from the colony.

Sir Edward Gent, High Commissioner of the Pacific territory, has called on Colonial Secretary Arthur Creech Jones for increased powers to restore law and order and to combat the movement, he said.

"The British Government is taking a serious view of the situation and will accede to this request," he added.

Armed Quiet In The

Holy

Land

Cairo, June 10-Armed quict began settling in the Middle East today after the 26 days of Palestine

war.

But a jarring approach to the Friday truce hour was provided by discordant notes and belated offensives on four fronts which continued at least through Wednesday night when both sides tried to improve their strategic posi-

tions.

The effect of the Commission de- cision was to give its formal blessing to a procedure which the United States bad adopted on a temporary

of the truce -The Lebanese

acceptance government au- lenders' unilateral basin.

Israel- which they regarded as a Jewish thorised the seizure of all FEC

it was sources said

the

bound shipments touching Beirut. strategy to gain time and throw the United States' firm intention to

Israel, In

the truce. Arab military machine off stride. handle the mailer

accepting unilaterally which forced the Commission to de-already had declared any Amb at- to confiscale or hold up elde that it might as well give tempt

formal approval.

General MacArthur is also using the same unilateral technique, under an interim directive from the United States Government, to send Japanese businessmen on economie missions. United Press.

Union Jacks Burnt

10. Two Union Calculin, June Jocks were burnt in Calcutta today by small groups of people who re- sented their being holsted with the Indian national flat to celebrate King George's birthday. The police alleged that in both cases Com- munists burnt the British Bags

Reuter.

EDITORIAL

Two

cargoes would be regarded "war-like net."

ps a

Irgun Zval Leumi, which already has threatened to disregard any fruce in Jerusalem, broadcast that the Israel government's acceptance of the truce was a "great blunder." Irgun--sald--the -ngreement-was-us bad as the 1939 British white paper Himmifing, Jewish immigration.

Secretary-General Abdel Rahman Azzam Pasha of the Arab League declared the truce did not mean war would not be resumed if the Jews on creation of a Zionist "insist state."

ARABS PUZZLED Dispatches

from Ammon, the Trans-Jordan capital, said the Arab people appeared puzzled by their

Six-Power Agreement

the

of

most important provisions contained in the six-power agreement, approval of which has been signified by the United States and Britain, are the establishment of a Consiliuent Assembly for Western Germany and the creation of an authority Britain, America, represenUng France and the Denelux

coun- tries, as well as Germany herself, to control the Ruhr Industrial laid down that the

Dell. It Es

German constitution must con- German con

Tho form to

to certain principles. governmental structure must be federal In form, adequately pro- Lecting the rights of respective states, and, at the same time, must provide adequate central Authority

and guarantee tho rights and freedom of the states. It is also fald down that the Governors will authorise

Msillution, If it is found nat

110

to confilet with these principics,

to be submitted for ratification

10

by the people in

in the various

states. Here, for the first time, a framework has

which

broad

Work

bean established

within

tho Germans will have full liberty lo themselves the oat for political institution under which ропи they are to live. The Germaus themselves will enjoy full respon. for the working out of the elbility constitutional programme, and the way becomes open for the Germans to re-establish the unfly of their country on a free de mocratie

basis.

In this direction

agreement

along the axement mather

A

a notable more complicated is the question of control of the Ruhr, with which is closely bound the sub- ject of security, especially so far an France. In concerned. Broadly speaking

Ruhr products shall be inter- nationally controlled, with the international authority comprising representatives

USA, of the United Kingdom. France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxemberg and Germany, making a division of coal, coke and steel from the Buhr. taking into account the essential needs of Germany.

With sceneity, Urce decisions respect to have been reached: (1) there can DO 110 ceneral withdrawal of Allled occupation forces until the peace of Europe

ope is accured; (2) disarmament, demilitarisation and control of the level of Industry must be continued; (3) Germany must not again be permitted to become an agressive power and that prior to general witi drawal of the

be reached

agreement among

forces,

con-

to DC governments cerned with respect to the neces➡ sary measures of demilitarisation, disarmament and control of in- dustry. It is of significance to observe how the United States

has striven to meet French ✓ which, as Mr Mar-

on the score

of security

shall has stated, pro perfectly understandable. But the Ameri- can affirmation that their troops will stay in Ger

In Germany will the peace of Europe is secured, and the undertaking to consult if any of the governments concerned consider there is a danger of

of a German military revival, should afford the French as much pro- tection as can reasonably be pected

clrcum- In the present stances. One thing the six-power agreement does is to confirm that the American stake in Europe will last as long as their troops stay in Germany, which means, until the Europeat: peace

assured. the proposition is it.

Ex

were

Mr Creech Jones la expected to make a statement on Malayn to the Commons next Wednesday in reply to five parliamentary questions.

The Whitehall official claimed the British had evidence that the Com- munists in Northern Malaya crossing the frontier into Slam "more or less at random and at will"

The British Cabinet's concern over the matter was underlined by the decision, announced on Wednesday, to re-establish the neighbouring colony of Singapore as the Common- wealth's main naval bostion in the Pacific.

COMMUNISTS CHARGED

The Whitehall smrce charged the Communists,

who he said were mainly Chinese with:

1-Banditry, armed violence, at- tacks on European estate managers, and virtual guerilla activity."

the 2-Penetrating into

trades union movements not only in Malaya But on Israeli Army spokesman but also in Singapore where indus- at Tel-Aviv sald a lull already was trial unrest has been expressed in Getting in today and only minor large number of strikes. shooting

anywhere. was reported

3-Being "extremely well ormed." Tel-Aviv even missed It's almost 4-Raiding and wiping out a daily bombing. Sunbathers in the whole Malayan village recently, i

Communications, Jewish capital welcomed the respite which, he did not identify.

and transport but did not dare go swimming for fear of floating mines. The spokes- police services dislocated during the man's latement apparently in- Japanese occupation have never diented the most important front in been adequately restored, he said, the war was quieting down without but the government's first task will П decisive result, This

at be to reinforce the police. Latrun, where the battle for the

TOTAL BAN road to Jerusalem has been going on with little intermission for three weeks.

was

An Associated Press dispatch, dated Wednesday night, from the Jewish side of the lines there sald at least 0.000 Arabs and Jews were arrayed in fierce combat but that the truce was about to ring the bell on the battle.

'ON THE DEFENSIVE

source

to

CLOSE

OF MATCH

TEST

PLAY

SCORES`·

At the close of play on the first day of the first Test match between England and Australia at Trent Bridge yesterday, England were all out for 165 and Australia had scored 17 without loss,

Highlight of the England innings was the splendid batting of Jim Laker who compiled 63, and with Alec Bedser, also of Surrey, added 89 runs for the ninth wicket.

Johnston, 5 for 36, was the most destructive of the Australian bowlers demoralised England's leading batsmen. Full description of the day's play, and detailed scores, will be found on Page 6.

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Export Target In Danger

COAL OUTPUT IN BRITAIN FALLS

London, June 10.The Fuel Minister, Mr Hugh Gaitskell, warned today that the falling coal production and increased home consumption is endan- gering Britain's coal export programme.

In

He told a Press conference: must warn you that we are at a critical moment

our affairs. Achievement of the coal export programme is in the balance and nothing but sustained effort on the part of

of all concerned can bring us through.

"Though the open cast output had been higher, deepmined output had been below what we had hoped and wanted. The result is that wo are now getting behind in our pro- for gress toward the 1940 target the deepmined output of 200,000,- 000 tons.

1

London, June 10.-The Home Secretary, Mr Chuter Ede, today revoked his blanket reprieve for all murderers. He told the House of Commons that he would consider all future cases on their merits "in the light of all circumstances at the time."

Reprieves granted five murderers murderers would be given Denal since he announced the blanket servitude. commutation on April 16 still stand The House of Commons as a whole however.

along with the House of Lords Is Mr Ede decided on a general re-expected to approve n compromise prievo for all murderers elther formula later.

THE ALTERNATIVES under the death sentence or sub- It

"If we cannot reach the target we was expected that Mr. Ede in sequently sentenced the House of Commons approved a

death after the meantime would be guided by shall have elther to cut home con- a compromise formula in his consumption or reduce our export pro- trial abolition of capital punis!t-sideration of murder cases.

gramme. It we have to reduco ment for five years ns part of the penal reform bl.

Mr Ede took cognisance in the exports it would be bad because of

our long term House of Commons of the charge by the effect on the Lord Chief Justice, Lord God-porting prospects."

He said that conl production has dard, that he had violated the DI of Rights of 1009 by arbitrarily been more than 100,000 tons a week short of the goal. The export target suspending an existing law.

alone la 300,000 tons a week for the "My answer to that charge is rest of the year. simply this." Mr Ede said. *While Mr Gaitskell also disclosed that it is of high importance to avold new coal export agreements have even the appearance of Infringing a been negotiated with Belgium, high constitutional principle, it is Brazil, France, Finland, Iceland,

The decision was almost un- animously condemned by the na- tlen's press and public opinion polis because of the postwar increase in murders. When the bill reached the House of Lords last week, the the death Upper House restored penalty.

COMPROMISE FORMULA

The Labour Government persuad- ed its Parly members in the House of Commons yesterday to accept a This would compromise formula.. retain the death penalty only for murderers of Police officers. and Prison wardens and certain other categories of killers. Other

MARITAL BARTER

Husbands

Exchange

Wives

London, June 10-Details of a relationship in which two bus- bands exchanged wives in pri- vate over a period of eight years, while reverting to their legal partners in public, were given in the Divorce Court here today.

also Important that the public Norway and Spain United Press. should be

of the -award

generat principles upon which the Govern- ment would be advised in exercise of a reprieve,"

He said the situation changed with the House of Lords action. consider however, and he would future cases on their merits.

CX-

Atomic Warfare A Challenge To

The Churches

JUDGES' ACTION Mr Ede disclaimed responsibility for the change in the ancient formula of

death sentence. pronouncing

Birmingham, June 10-Dr E W. Since the blanket reprieve, judges have abandoned the custom of don- Barnes, Bishop of Birmingham, to- day said, "If so-called Christian ning the black cap before pronoun-

churches become apologists of atomle and cing the death sentence longer add the condemned man warfare, those churches sooner or later will indignanily be repudiated "shall be hanged by the neck until by the enlightened conscience of the the Lord have British people."

no

Dr Barnes said he had read "with absolute dismay" two reports on the subject by Commissions appointed by the Church of England.

that

dead"

and "may mercy on his soul."

The Bishop asked his Diocesan Mr Ede said the change was de- Conference, "Can' anyone read clded

upon by the judges them-Christ's leachings and feel that Our selves and it was up to them whe Lord would approve atomic war- Drastle legal action with a total ban on the Communist Party being

ther to revert to the former custom fare?" taken imposed also will be

Five men whose lives were saved by Mt Ede's blanket reprieve, in restore law and order, but British

cluded Donald George Thomas who troops will be used only In an

killed the first London policeman emergency, he said.

"The

to be aloin on duly in more than said that adequate

He saidi 30

that while use of the years, and James Comb, steam- forces are on the spot for military

ahip steward who pushed the body

atomic bomb in Japan had been duties but added that the police

condemned by the Federal Council force in Malaya may be reinforced.. Mr C. A. Slater sought a decree porthole.

of a woman passenger through a

Thomas would heen of Churches of Christ in America, Communist activities and in against his wife, alleging misconduct hanged even under

the terms of it was "Incredible to relate" Ruences in Malaya formed the sub- with Mr C. J. Potion. Mr Slater the compromise formula.

the British Commission had been This only eyewitness account of ject of a recent Cabinet discussion. asked for the discretion of the Court The ith reprieve was granted divided fighting in the sector said a brigade of about 3,000 men of the Arab Le- Mr Malcolm MacDonald, Commla- Mrs Potton.

sioner-General of Southeast Asla to gion was on the defensive on a mountain top position north of the the more "moderate" elements of arger force of Malaya to help the government road. An equal or larger Haganah, the

stamp

out Communist influence. dispatch said, had won the highlands south of the road and

and Associated Press. cleared bloody Bab el Wad gorge to BANDITS IN ACTION the east in the three weeks baltic

Singapore, June 10-Troops and But a

of the high- police were rushed tonight to the way east of was described as no man's land. Singapore, after armed bandits had swept by the

guns of both sides, looted the railway station and the Haganah was reported driving

entire village of Niyor, six miles with artillery and night assault to north of Kluang. secure the remaining link of road. But their ony path to Jerusalem was a circuitous and gun-swept back mountain trail which could be tra versed only by jeep, mule or on foot. -Associated Press.

On its heels came an appeal from } in regard to his own misconduct with only today. It was given to Frank action on whether to condema such

the

Kilburn who was sentenced

A second report just published, Mrs Sister and Mr Potton denied death on May 4 for the murder of the Bishop added, contains such misconduct and said that if a Yorkshire farmer. However, the a "considerable parade of learning, there had been such misconduct, Mr Jury had recommended for mercy but no examination of the teaching Slater had connived. It.

In his case. United Press.

lof Christ”—United Press.

Mr Justice Wilmer sald Mr and Mrs Slater were married in 1920 and were happy until 1993. About that

they met the Pottons, with whom they went on a holiday in 1937.

13 Ove mile promontory area near Kluang, 60 miles north of time,

hard

Niyor Is on the main line between Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. It is small village and has no police station.-Reuter.

British Record Film

BLOCKADE OFFER

10.-The London, June who for two years blockaded Palestine's

illegal coast against Jewish immigrants, may offer to do United Nations the same for the during the four week Arab-Jewish truce. truck

Output Planned

HOLIDAY EXPERIMENT

exchange of wives. Each couple, On this holiday, all agreed on the having exchanged partners, occupied

the same room with the new partner, The holiday "experiment" was re- peated in the two succeeding years, he continued, and when war broke out, Mr and Mrs Patton invited the Slaters to share the house, where they had all lived until last year.

"From the moment they came to London, June 10-The J. Arthur | share the samo house, the practice Rank Alm organisation plans a re- of sharing wives became permanent," A Foreign Once spokesman said cord-breaking release of 60 motion the judge mid. In 1947, Mr Slater today that the government in con- pictures, costing $10,000,000 during decided something had to be done to sidering" providing an air and sea the year beginning October, it was bring to an end "this very irregular watch over the coasts of Palestine disclosed today.

life" Rigid clonomy measures permit-It to ensure that the truce terms will

It was suggested, sald the judge, organisation to be

the observed.

schedule that the real reason for his attitude ted He did not indicate when

twice the a de-shootings for almost

was that, during a visit to America cision would be expected on the number of Alms completed last

an 1946, he had made the acquain- offer, which

if accepted, would mark year. The

pictures will include

tance of another lady of whom he Britain's Arst new commitment in comedies and musicals, United was very fond. Palestine since she surrendered her Presz League of Nations mandate.

The United States,

France and

Belgluin-and Sweden in a nison

role, were represented on the exis- Big Blaze In

ting truce commission assigned to Chiang's Home Town

old in controlling the cease-fire due on_Friday.

Shanghai, June 11-A belated The spokesman, In reply to

Chinese report said that an area of question, sald he was unable to say Chiang Kai-shek's home town, Feng Immediately whether Britain's pos- Hwn, was almost totally destroyed in albic offer was spontaneous or the a five-hour fire on June 7. result of a United Nations request.

Fire engines rushed from Ningpo, The terms of the truco lay down 30 miles away to old fighting the that neither fighting personnel noribinze.

however,

milltary materials should be intro- Chlang's residence, duced into Palestine during the escaped damage, since it is located cease-fire period. Associated Press. outside the city.-United Press.

The judge dismissed Mr Slater's polition and ordered him to pay all costs.--Reuter.

Trade Pact Talks

will.

At:

London, June 10-Sweden open talks for a trade pact with the United States shortly, probably Radio in Washington, Stockholm said today.

Such an agreement was the main condition of Swedish participation in the Marthall aid plan, the Radio added. Reuter,

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