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VOL. III NO. 42
The
HONGKONG TELEGRAPII. For aud on behalf of
LOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, LTD.
Thankl
Dine
At the
Thongkong Telegraph...
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1948.
BLUNT CRITICISM OF
Bren Gun NANKING GOVT.
Battle
In Haifa Incapable Of Conducting
Civil War Successfully
jerusalem Prison
Break
Jerusalem, Feb. 20.—Armour- ed cars of British police and parachute troops swept through the central streets of Haifa to-¦ day, engaging battling groups j of Arabs and Jews with Breni gun fire, while the wounded crawled away
over piles of
broken glass to shelter.
Rollee and army posts joined
In
the battle, trying to silence groups of sulper crouching on roofs and in the windows of houses.
Shells frum
Jewish mortar buttery exploded in the eastern railway station. In the market place and inside the perimeter of police headquarters.
The fighting was still going on at 10 p.m. loend time tonight.
listed First offical reports dend and over 50 wounded,
four
Twelve Jewish prisoners
today broke out of the Central Prison here by tunneling under the prison wall and so starting a manhunt by. British troops and police throughout Central Jerusalem.
Sirens
halted
rounded and traffic WRS
armoured cars
streets seciting
as
raced the
through the prisonera were checked by the Army and the police.
All vehicles In the city |
MARSHALL'S STATEMENT
Washington, Feb. 20.—Mr George Marshall, Secretary of State, strongly criticised the Chinese National Government and its methods of managing economy and running the civil war when he appeared before the House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee today to ask approval of the $570 million aid programme to China.
"The United States should not by its actions be put in the position of being charged with direct responsibility for the conduct of the Chinese Government and its political, economic and military affairs,” Mr Marshall declared.
Mr Marshall made his statement in response to Republican criticism that the present programmie was inadequate and that military aid should be added to the material and economic assistance already envisaged.
SOONG AS PREMIER?
LABEL
Big Freeze Grips Europe
London. Feb. 20, Europr froze hard today in the third day of bliter winter weather as a moss of cold air moved west- ward from Kassia, bringing with Ra trail of Iced roads and know. Berlin recorded 25 degrees of frost and a lower tempera- tures were forecast for tonight- but tomorrow was expected in be alightly warmer.
In Moscow 1.1 degrees Fahrenhell-30.6 degrees of Frost --was recorded.
The coldest town in France was Macon, with 18 degrees of frost. In Britain, the freezing weather was expected to con- finue unbroken day and night as far as weather forecanters cou see ahead.Reuter.
Gerardettas 23 kidzki FONTES CATEGORIZANTES.
|SAAR COAL
|FOR FRANCE
New Three-Power Agreement
Price 20 Cents
27880
HSIN KONG SO INVESTIGATION
Officers Censured
SEQUEL TO FIRE ON SHIP
OFF LANTAU
The Court of Investigation into the fire which destroyed the vessel, Hsin Kong So off the south- west corner of Lantau on February 6, this morning recorded a note of censure against both the Master and the Chief Engineer in its findings.
The
the
The findings, read by the Presl-1 extinguishers and hoses only. dent of the Court, Mr W. A. Bair- steam smothering system was not Kerr, expressed the opinion that user as the steam valve concerned. while the master took timely rul was sitted between decks on the adequate steps to prevent loss of 2nd deck and, according to He, his failure, not only to ensure Chief Engineer. he could not get Hit the best possible immediate use ear it as the boller casing plates WIN maile
of all available fire were white hot. How long the fire Bighting equipement, mat also to issue had been going on before the platos orders for the inspection of the com- Fenched this state is not
known. Berlin. Feb. 20. - British, partments of the ship adjoining the The Chief Engineer shut the fuel French and American experts, scut of the Ore, contributed to the control valve and gave orders for the ventilator cowls to be covered meeting in Berlin, have reached loss of the vessel,
The report added that the Chief at the beginning of the fre. agreement on the three major Engineer also failed to make the best In the meantime, according to the issues raised by the economic use of all fire fighting equipment in inster, the speed of the vessel was attachment of the Saar
to the u
case of the stokehold fire, In reduced at 6.15 am. from 10 knots
steam France, the United States Mili- particular
smothering to knots and it had been dice
decided. system.
as early as 8.30 a.m. in consultation tary Government announced to-
The findings of the Court rend:
with the Chief Engineer, to beach day.
the vessel. Life boats We find that the "Hain Kong So,
and rafis A settlement of outstanding ques-fa British ship of 1037.39 gross tons.
were put in
state of readiness, and tions was reached on Soar coal, the 550.17 et registered tonnage,
the vessel was in fact beached about built the French
share of reparations and 1910, registered at Hongkong on
u.m. Disembarkation (helped to a trade between the Sarr and the Joint October 7, 1947, in the name of Messrs.
certain extent by of Anglo-American area, the announce Wheelock Marden & Co., Ltd., was
sampans which came alongside) commenced, ment said,
and there was no loss of life and no of passengers' baggage. The loss
safely landed. bullocks were also There appears to have been no panic amongst the passengers.
SERIOUS CONFLICT
"I wni
Roveruments are often so raises serious trubl that corrupt that they are undependable President's programine is justifled" for assistance in the administration Representative Walter Judd, of relief ensures," he said.
Minnesota, declared, "Political control by long-en-
Mr Judd, a former China trenched groups is a great difficulty
mis- to be overcome in the
Chiria restoration sionary said that the
pra- of China to reonomic stability,
Eramme should equal the Greek "The conduct by the government ¦ programine in all respects - nodd of the civil war now in progress, allow for the establishment of particularly is view of the geo- military mission to, advise "ol Till graphie disadvantages-the exposed levels" and for the supply of arms and lengthy
and and ammunition. the inherent difficulties in derding Canton. Feb. 20. As the with guerilla warfare--demands military situation in North | high order of aggressive leadership | It was the second maen esgape | China becomes more acute al- in all echelons of command, which The Committee indlented today
is lacking.
eteppe was discovered when
authorities tending from
The
the
prison
tuncel
found the a el fo
marchole prison.
in the word outside
SECOND MASS ESCAPE
יון
This month from the prison, whirla
is in the misleide of the most heavily guarded security zone in the city. containing, also the police hearkquae- ters and the most important Guvern- ment buildings.
sion-quota
|
Speculations Rife
In Canton
most daily and American aid to)
Centre
ira
cominumleations
Jewish immigrant in Nanking. Λ
FANTASTIC INFLATION ship with 700 passerb)U15, Inter- cepted off the Palestine roast fastį The
speenaltition
"Industrial production is low and nht, was harded by a Royal Navy i usually reliable
quarters IS the
fratisport facilities are poor, the lack party today and was being escorted future of the Governor of Kwang- to Boita.
ol adequate transport affecting pare Tunn, Dr T. V. Som
|ficularly the movement of foodstuffs (A pattie la Palestine Jews reen
Thear sources are predicting that "The results are an extreme, rrally tained at Gildil. Kenya, asking the! De Soon; will soon be relinquishing | fantastic inflation of currency and Governor en they way hope for the Guvernorship" of "this" "important | an” “inevitable" stïsculafiori in - release ai repatriation, was said southern China province
morities as well as hoarding." To- zerelving urgent atten- turn to Nanking
today ting from the British Government,
a Reuter despatch from Nairobi said him as the uest Prire Minister
Predictions go as far as naming (Chief Ratsin Louis Isanc Rabinowitz, of the United Hebrew a post which Dr Soon: held pre- Congregation. Johannesburg, visited viously to the Governorship.
the camp this week and later dis- Sources close to Dr Soong, how- cussed the position with the Kenya | ever, were reticent when asked to comment on the current speculation. Government.
(He told them the 28 detainees. They point out that even if such prediction is accurate, it is by no suspected to terrorism mul political offences in Palestine-were becoming 'ineans certain that Dr Soong wouki increasingly restless and the puck-accept the post, unless he is given tion was deterforating.) --Reuter.
(Continued on Page 12)
EDITORIAL
described
the pro- lie was present as nj
gramine
breathing Space" which could help retard the present rapid rate of economic deterioration, int stressed that the "political, economie financial conditions in China gu unstable and so uncertains
und
DEMAND FOR MACARTHUR
n
The Chairman of the Committee, My Charles Eaton, asked the Serres tary of State
to go about bringing General MacArthur back from Tokyo.
how
Asked whether American national
Europe than
the
the
FIRE BREAKS OUT
*
7
#
causes of this
safe
some
ས
at
and
ex-
feel
that
News of the three-power agree- completely burnt out by fire while ment came as the three governmentsing beached in n bay on the south prepared to meet in London un Mon-west corner of the island of Lantau day to discuss a tripartite agreement (latitude 22 deg. 12.2'N long. 113 deg.
51.5'E) on February C, 1948. for Western Germany,
At the time of the casualty, the The removal of Saar coal from the
vessel was commanded German pool will be effected
by Frank
There is a serious conflet, how- Raymond Wond, Master Mariner: ever, between the evidence of the previously announced In A pro- gressive scale ending on April 1, the chier oficer was William Ander-
senior ofeers and that of the subor- son. Master Mariner; the chief en dinate personnel, 19-19.
the including The European coal committee of gincer was John Henry Keiry; the engine room crew, regarding the the United Nations Economic Com-ship's officers included 2nd and 3rd. Į severity and effects of this fire. fi mission for Europe at Geneva has engineers: there was a crew of 44, is impossible to reconclie the evi- that wants General Douglas Mine- been notified by the three govern-
of the greascr there were 14 passengers on board dence
and freman "The evil war imposes a barilen Arthur to come home and advise itments of their agreement.
and 80 tons of miscellaneous care of the 2nd engineer (Alfred Tipe). (Choy Lum and Choy Sing) and that China is beginning to take final on the national budget of 20 per on the Chipre and Far Eastern
melding FOREIGN TRADE
a quantity of Chinese shape, political observers in front or more, and flameing is now problems.
crackers, joss sticks, camphor woul- all of whom went into the stakehol Canton are prédicting another carried on by means of the issuance
Experts have Jointly calculated planks, Chinese wine, Chinese medi- after the fire was extinguished the amount which should be taken eine and eggs and 10 water buffe- 7.30 am, and to a greater or less re-shuffle of the Chinese Cabinet of paper money.
from the French share
of repara- loes: the crackers, Chinese medicines without experiencing any ill effect: extent examined the machinery tion in expital equipment to allow and the buffatoes were tween decks for the separation of the Saar from
on top of No. 1 forward hold. The on account of heat, with the account the German economy. The Inter-
given by the Chief Engineer remainder of the cargo was stored Allied Reparations Agency in Brus-
Chief Onicer. 1 in the No.
We are constrained hold, (except that in to believe, having seen and heard Me Marshall add he did not knowds will be informed of these artreed the recollection of the No. 1 tally to witnesses, that the account given whether the request ghould go to gonclusions.
man some Chinese wine was in the by the President or to the 'Secretary of The agreement provided that from tween decks) the hitch covers of cinleer, both as regards the amount the Chief Engineer and Chief the Army. General MacArthur Aprit
pril trade between the Saar and which were-in-place-and--covered comes under the Army Department. Western Germany would be treated with tarpaulins. The
jor heat generated and the amount fire fighting of smoke, is somewhat exaggerated, exceeded re- and we nccept the evidence of Choy Mr Marshall told the Committed as foreign trade but the decreasing equipment on board Admitting the "Chirese Govern- that if a parallel consideration
quantities of coal which
and the vessel the Sanr:
quirements,
Was in Lam and Choy Sing in this con- Of would deliver to Germany the Secretary of State nevertheless lay European recovery, it should be ment is in dire need of assistance," the China aid programme would de-
would all other respects adequately - nection. It is most regrettable, pald for in
ned and equipped. She was pro- therefore, that the stakehold was not for in marks as in the past. insisted for the main part the salt-set aside,
Comunercial relations between the perly surveyed in Sept/Oct 1947. visited after this fre French Hon of China's problems is largely The situation in both areas were British and
occupation zone
tinguished, by the sentor engineer one for the Chinese themselves,”
American urgent, he said, but since the Euro-been reviewed and the trade aurée-
ZONICS had!
I appears that at 8.10 am on
officer aboard who could have Mr Marshall
examined the mechanism minutely 0.2.48, while the vessel (on Its alter- bean programine was a sound one.
ments in force would be revised in ate daily return trip from Macao
and could aimed at permanent recovery, it was
have given the Cost the light of the new situation. more imperative to have it passed
to Hongkong) was approaching the valuable evidence on the possible A foint commission would be set south-western tip of Lantau Island, very short time.
Are. We up to follow periodically the de-a
fire was observed by Cheung about 7.30 am, both boilers contain-
in acepeting the fact security was in greater Jeopardy in velopments of trade exchanges Blunt, the sloker
on duty in the
about 60 lbs. per sq. during 1048, which would continue stakehold, and he saw flames coming in China, he said it was.
inch of He frequently avoided controver- In marks.-Reuter.
steam. the smokebox of the port As the evidence stands, we are boiler. This was immerfintely re unable to say what the cause of this ported to the 2nd engineer who was tire was. Those subordinate mem- on watch in the adjolning engine bers of the engine room crew who room, and foam fire extinguishers.
visit actually did two and
hosen (the latter speak of oil pipes being twisted and water being
from operated
"Addley" damaged. But that would be a nor Ronie, Feb. 20.-Five people were grating above the stokehold) were killed and four seriously
mal Injured at once applied to the fire. This
consequence of a fire which when a Tesen Line Dakota aircraft was brought to the notice is the raged throughout the whole area for crashed near Leghorn this afternoon was brought to the interne sice more than an hour. There is no It was earlier reported that search by 0.15 am. All witnesses seem to theory that any part of the fuel
concrete evidence to support parties in Central Italy were look- | agree that this fire was brought transmission system from Int for a passenger plane which had under control and Bnally extinguishing tank to the burners, via the telt Florence at 1 p.m. bound fored by about 7.30 am. This wus Home.-Reuter.
accomplished by the
burst, thereby causing a use of fire stream of oil to be projected into stakehold, although we must
that
possibility.
A burner could also be re- corded gorded us
possible causeL. The only available evidence points to the fre having started, for some un- explained reason, from the out- board smokebox of the port boller. It is significant that when Mr. Hamilton visited the vessel two days after it had been burnt out and Are in the forward hold was still a small group, and cleaned up. and finally-to-be called on if neces "They should do
16 more. for their
burning, that the bulkhead separa sary-China's reservés of gold and people-the lower classes. They
Ung the stokehold from the hold. foreign exchange, which were esti- must have certain basic military the extent of the flooding which has well North of Adans to the Medi- of the original
from Kozan, some 8 feet away from the source mated as equivalent to $274 million needs
stokehold fire, wna, and material. They must been described as "runching the terranean is reported to be one vast still intact. as of January 1, 1948."
have good leadership. They have proportions of one of Turkey's turbulent luke while the In background documents simul been hampered by having to com-
eilles of NO STEAM IN BOILERS But survivors Adana, Tarsus and Mersin ure sild greatest disasters." taneously presented to the Combine the political and military in from the stricken areas have reported to be "utlerly paralyzed.
No one seems to have kept an mittee, the State Department dis- their leadership."
accurate mental time table of events whole villages disappearing under.
The rivers Seyhan and Ceyhan that, morning, and the exact time the food water with crops ruined which burst their dykes early, this when smoke was first seen emerging week were reported to be subsiding from the No. Hold is not clear; to have been about fugees bunched together on the roofs on Friday but the total number of but it seems
has been described dend of houses. In tops of trees and on tastic." An accurate check is not orders seem to have been issued
as "fan-0.30 a.m.-8.45-a.m. Prior to this, no hills in an endeavour to escape the immediately possible. floods.
H.K. & The Boyce Report
THE report of Sir Leslie Boyce's
Trade Mission to China Jan at last come off the priating presses, 14 months after the Mis- sion ended its visli. This delay, however, does not deprive Bie
om
report of any of its perilnence: ruther are several conclusions which the Mission reached lent added forcefulness by the condi- tlons prevailing at this moment In China, The report is becom. Ingly cautious In estimating the prospects of hcreased un more profitable trading between Britain and China, wisely insisting that prerequisites for any appreciable expansion are peace and economie stability within the country. A chapter is devoted to Hongkong, und full of interesting opinións containing a number of AUKERA- tions. The chief recommenda- tions are that a United Kingdom Trade Representative be sent Hongkoyz: the Trades Unlon Congress should consider, sending experienced representative here to advise labour leaders on the organisation of their unions: everything should be done to establish the Hongkong Univer- ally: Hongkong should be regard- ed as an exhibition for Beltish goods, and used as such; relations between the trading interests- and the Government-at the Colony and South Clina
should
an
to
I-
be brought even closer than they ȧro today. The first of the Mis- slon's recommendations has al
ready been acted upon. A British
trade representative is now here and has started on his k of establishing closer trade relation between China, Hongkong
and Britain. The attention which the Mission devoted to the poten- dalities of the Hongkong Univer- xity
medium for training
1%
of
Ci
Chinese in western methods administratian deserves close and sympathetic consideration by the Court of the University, The proposition gains emphasis light of the promised municipal reform and its attendant demands for a wider appreciation of elvle responsibility among the general
The Mission clearly Duhile.
Culyersity substzu- visages the #ally expanding, but this touches the subject, of what, if any ansia. tance the Imperial Government is prepared to give. The prus prets of any Important financial ald from London are discourag- ing, the attitude displayed so far being that the University should endeavour to find its own feet, While this persists, the Hongkong Univerally must struggle along on a shoe-airing, with little or opportunities of Implementing the Boyce reconimendaltous, no mat- ter how sensible and attractive they may be. Nevertheless, if has sufficient initiative, Hongkong can put into effect several of the Mission's suggestions, to the mutual advantage of the Colony and our next-door neighbour, South China.
are
that
pro-
al questions by saying he would prefer to answer then when the Committee went into secret session later in the day.
It is impossible to develop a practical clfective
overall Jong-term gramme for economic recovery.
He rejected the idea of a currency stabilisation fund for China at this! DETERIORATING SITUATION time, saying that monetary experts
think it would require large sums, Asked whether, without aid. the which would be largely dissipated Chinese Government. under Com- under the present conditions of war munist pressure, would collapse in Inancing and civil disruption." year or so, Mr Marshall replied:
TIN
situation Is theously there.
deteriorating particularly Northern China."
Mr Marshall admitted that Nanking Government would
need imports, including military supplies,!
now covered by the proposed funds from the United States.
PRESENT RESOURCES
In
He sait the American position in Korea would not be affected by the Communists
gaining control in North China, but he added that such an event would make our position very difficult in Japan."
Asked what will
steps the Chinese Government should take in helping
To meet these additional needs. for forelan exchange. China
have available certain nancial itself, Mr Marshall said many of the sources of her own. These inclurie proceeds from exports, miscellaneous steps he could not recommend it receipts from such sources as over- public.
"but it is
it is fundamental for seas remittances, the sale of surplus the Chlorse
a base Government to develop foreign government property, philanthropic expenditures in Ching to of government, not restricted
And
closed that the $570 million would Mr Marshall commented In
present train men in
ANOTHER FATAL PLANE CRASH
from
Disastrous Floods Sweep
Across
Turkey
Istanbul, Feb. 20.-Many bodies are floating across the flood devastated areas of central and southern Turkey- probably the country's richest agricultural area-according to press despatches reaching Istanbul on Friday. There is still no official news of
The whole valley
and livestock drowned
Eyewitness accounts described re-
The government has been
heater.
the
пз
the stokehold
the
the set-
be spent thus: wheat and rice $130 strong terms on the milltary, situa- million; Collon $150 million. ¡tion in China. petroleum $110 million, fertiliser $30 The fatal defect at the inilllon, tobacco $28 million, metals time is their failure 110
$24 million, pharmaceuticals 55 the ranks, and
cffective to train millon, coal $3 million, machinery leadership." he said.
anyone with a view to ascertaining repair parts $30 million.
"White was in China, and even
According to the newspaper "San
ceili- the state of this hold, where most of An additional $60 million will be more recently, I advised every ap-
was stored, where there Posla" the number of deaths in three cised in some newspapers for "trying the cargo spent on reconstruction projects topropriate official of the Chinese villages in the Tarsus area is from to minimise the situation." Official was a large oll settling tank, and be decided on by the administrator Government to do this. They could 400 to 500, while nothing has been fourers Ankara said that broken which was "next door" to the sent of of the programme, "
and can still do this-any day in the kened for the past four days from communications have prevented any the original fire which commenced The Republican Representatives week.
40 other villages in that región. Te definite information on the casualties at 0.10 am. By the time the smoke on the Committee criticised the aid
They listened sympathetically, ports from survivors sald that in the (being obtained, but insisted that the from No, hold was.
poticed, it plan. "To put in economic aid but they did nothing. It has not small village of Orozerli, 400 people numbers must be low.-Associated appears to have reached such pro- without enough · for military aldbeen for lack of advice.”—Reuter. had perished.
Preas.
(Continued on Page 12)
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