1947-11-25 — Page 1

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VOL. II NO. 355

The

For the Propelilor of arts v BYRONG TELEGRAPI,

vd on lichaty of

CHINA MORNING POST, ETD

I thrand

Printer and yulafer.

hongkong Telegraph.

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1947.

VITAL "BIG FOUR

MacARTHUR FOR CHINA ADVOCATED

Ex-Ambassador's Proposition

New York, Nov. 21-The former Ambassador to Russia, Mr Wiliam C. Bulliff, today advocated that General Douglas MacArthur be sent to China to help Generalissimo Chiang Kai- shek to "prevent the conquest of China by the Soviet Union,"

Mr Bullitt, who was plso formerly Ambassador to France, told a lecture audience at the Town Do China needled

$200,000,000

xlaLܐ

worth of cotton cil, gasoline, wheat | and tobacco from the United States cach year until the Communists are defraled.

recommended

10 -

that Congress 6ppropriate 263,000,000 to $76,000,- 000 immed'ately. He afo recam- mended that thousands of tons of munitions end aircraft ling" at Pacifle bages be turned over to China immediately.

Bullitt

rald, "The war against Communists must he

he won in both China and Europe before restruc

tion can

be undertaken,

If Pre- General

MacArthur to add to his present dulles and powers the title of per- sonal representative of the President with

the rant of Ambassador and lody to Nanking to devise with the Gentralissimo a joint plan to pre- vent the conquest of China by the Soviet Union, the whole For Eastern horizon would brighten with hope," -United Press.

Train Smash

Inquest Verdict

London, Nov. 24-A verdict of

death by inadverture, "contributed 있다 by the forgetfulness of the sigualmun, Hornce Hiller,

was re-

CONFERENCE

99

Big Tasks With Small Hopes Of Success

London, Nov. 24. -The Foreign Secretary, Mr Ernest Bevin, was tonight meeting M. Vyachoslav Molotov, the Soviet Foreign Minister, and then Mr George Marshall, the American Secretary of Stato, in last-minute talks before the Council of Foreign Ministers opening to- morrow, which will be trying, for the fifth time, to decide on the future of Germany and Austria. M. Georges Bidault, who arrived in London this afternoon, was expected to call on Mr Bevin to-morrow.

Before seeing the visiting Foreign Ministers, the Foreign Secretary had an hour's consultation with the Prime Minister, Mr Clement Attlee, other Cabinet Ministers and the Dominion High Commissioners. He is understood to have discussed with them the United Kingdom Government's attitude to the fateful Big Four meeting.

With the Foreign Ministers deputies having failed to agree on what the agenda should be, the Council starts its work without any framework for dis- cussion and its scope and duration remained a mystery tonight.

The Fortn

b

in

After Moscow, the Treaty mission of the Four Powers Vienna spent many fruitless wecas failing to

constitutes deline what Ministers lasks at German assets and consequently to decide how much of Russia's claim to. Austria's economic wealth is to be met or rejected.

the Conference, which Mr Bevin has described a "perhaps the most vital in the world's history" are:

1.-To dreide whether Germany is to continute to be administered under four-power

control

ar split nto two states.

2.---It

If they fill to agree on Ger- many, to ty to avoid a deepening

The of present Fast-West division of Europe, and

3-To give Austria a peace treaty

enable her

her 10 regain

and

saverelin independence.

All the Foreign Ministers will have

Mutual concessions on the German asrets problem are not ruled out by observors here and there to some hope that the London meeting may. at least, result in giving Austria her peace treaty.

sut through its sterlie sessions at Lancaster House,

Whether France would be able to to all the way, in identifying herself

the Anglo-American with

Pro- Kramme for Germany was doubtful, observers said. "It would requité à government with great prestige to do so.-Reuter.

AUSTRIA'S SOVEREIGNTY

Lention. Nov. 24The Austrian Government could never agree to a treaty which did not, in fact, contain the possibility of a peaceful settle- ment or which Austrian sovereignty over her own unworkable

D-Carl Gruber, the Austrian Foreign domestic economic situation, declared

made

Missionaries Shot Dead

Calcutta, Nov. 24.--An unknown gunman today shot dead two British medical missionaries in India, 40-year-old London trained Dr. M. A. Hatch and Sister Perceval,

The shootings occurred at Ranaghat, 45 miles from Calcutta.

The gunman attacked the two missionaries while they were having dinner at the mission station with a Russian missionary and an- other nurse, Sister Laws.

The Russian doctor escaped by dropping to the floor, but Sister Laws was seriously injured.-Reuter.

Food

Dino

At the

For

Reservations

Tol: 27880

Price 20 Cents

Crisis Threatens Lab. Govt's Position

TEST LIKELY EARLY NEXT YEAR

London, Nov. 24.-Britain appeared headed toward a food crisis that may raise the biggest threat yet to the Labour Government.

Well-informes Conservative Party | serious enough to cause more than sources and Mr Winston Churchill changes within the Government. femly believed the shortages may The test may come early next year, lend to food disturbances and the when Government is expected to cut fall of the Government. Only Satur-rations still further to save dollars. day, he warned the Government there The Chancellor of the Exchequer wis sprending starvation and bank (Sr Stafford Cripps) already had ruptcy throughout the country. told the Commons the average calory diet will be reduced from the present Most political observers agreed 2,870 to below 2.700, that food was probably the one Issue that could overthrow the At- flee Government. But they doubted that any such crisis would become

New French Cabinet

Has Solution For Wages & Prices Problem

:

Paris, Nov. 2.--The

new French Government,

comprehensive

after four and a half hours Cabinet meeting, tonight announced its decision to solution of the wages and of the nation's present

introduce a prices problem-the strike paralysis.

cause

Political quarters bellever timt some time after Chrishnas, the Government at least will reduce the potato rallon from three pounds per person weekly to two pounds and a half and boost the point value of other goods.

STRACHEY RUMOUR

All cereals and lined goods are on points, including tinned meats, pre- zerves, fruit and fish. Dried eggs, on which housewives depend to supple- ment a ration of about one shell egg a person a week, also are on points, bat have practically vanished from shop shelves.

The

food situation worsening already has produced rumours that the Food Minister, Mr Jalin Strachey, has threatened to resign unless more dollars are allocated him to buy food abroad. However, Mr Strachey denied this yesterday and sald such stories were circulated only to shake con-

Mr

wants

Western The only clear point is that the The Austrian treaty also hangs on

relations, unofficial talks sident Truman' were to ask Lam* | Westem powers desire a start on the the possibility of agreeing on

for an understanding between Bri- taln. the United States and France Austrian peace treaty, the draft of single question--German assets in

would fake place while the officialditions in which public order and were interrupted by the strike atfidence in the Government.

It would also lay down the con- other North European capitals which is already for advanced before Austria. down to the German prob-

Conference Com- getting

freedom of work would be assured. the Gare du Nord, where extra fems, and the Russians want to start

The

Government spokesman. M. polfer were on duty. A quarter of Hannen Swaffer, well-informed with procedura: discussions on Ger-

Plerro Abelin, Secretary of State the local services at the Gore St Labourite columnist, many,

nevertheless attached to the Prime Minister, M. Lazare were maintained.

wrote in the newspaper The People Robert Schuman's Office, sald that

WORK RESUMED

yesterday that the food situation there would probably be a general Representatives of American may lead to a real crisis in the Gov- increase in wages and that prices shipping companies have made pro-ernment. He said Sir Stafford soon and wages must "achieve equili-parations for the road transport of must choose between backing. brium."

passengers to and from Cherbourg Strachey or the Foreign Secretary This was understood to mean that in the event of there being no rail (Mr Ernest Bevin), who certain industrial prices might be way facilities for passengers coming dollars and food for use abroad to further increased,

off the liner America (20,314 tons), back his foreign policy. "All measures taken in regard to due to reach Cherbourg today. wages and prices can only be effec-

15.000 workers ut three "Soon, because the armed forces About tive if public order Is repected," hr

motor car Citroen

factories in the were maintained in such strength a added,

The year ago, we may be facing more Paris region resumed work. The new Government, formed at anti-Communist group "Labour Force" food cuts," Swoffer said. "Strachey midnight last night, today main-within the CGT was holding a meet- fears that production will fall it. tained a reticent attitude regarding ing later today, to urge all the 300,000 these become necessary. If it did the request by the General Con-metal workers on strike in the Paris fall, the nation might face collapse. federation of Labour to receive area to return to work. delegation to discuss the labour

The Renault

workers are le Speaking at a luncheon to press

sihiation now threatening the nation hold a meeting tomorrow. correspondents, Dr Gruber, who, wita

strike. with a his staff, is in London ready for con-

The employees running the postal request The

was interpreted in telegraph and telephone services were sultation-with-the Council of Foreign-same quarters as the first sign that on strike.--Post offices-in-seven dis- the Promotery of the vast strike tricts of Paris were closed and their great powers should now be able to

movement, paralyanse reach an agreement rapidly un

to part of the they must resume Hopes of agreement, despite the Austria.

Work up Le postal service, were beginning to suspended. tense atmosphere of international

become anxious about their ability. Twelve thousand teachers are still relations, rely more on the belief that All the essential facts were now

to rena!n masters of the position out, but there is said to be strong none of the powers seeks an open

clearly known following the aittings break than on any concrete evidence of the Inter-Allied Treaty Commis-

rank and file workers. that they are prepared tu abandon existing positions. MARSHALL WANTS ACTION

In Washington, official cheirs to- day expected that Mr George Mar- shall and his delegation would re- turn home in a very short time" if M. Molotov, the Soviet Foreign Minister, revived what regarded as "the traditional Russian stalling tactics."

to

tho Dr. Carl Gruber. Austrian Foreign Minister is ulready In Londerz for consultation by the Ministers if they decide to call upon Neither officials or Conference countries principal military observers here make any attempt Minister in London, today,

their impressUTE that the Fore Ministers are meeting against a depressing background of mutual recrimination, typified by the violent

weekend attack.

on the Western powers'

Sovlet Commander-in-Chier

turned by the jury at the resumed their Inquest today on the 32 victims of the collision In. fog between Southern Railway train near South Croydon statiun on October 24.

The jury added a rider problem, judging by deprecated the practice of putting an

main line algnal box.

and civilian representatives in Ger-conceal Two many in London in advise them on all the detailet problems under discussion.

The Hy issues of the German the Moscow

inexperienced signalman alone in a Conference, centre on Russia's claim the conduct of my allaits by Ministers if desired, sald that the

In summing up, the Coroner told the jury:

"I do not think, on the evidence, that Her deliberately neglected his duty. That he was negligent in frankly admitted."

In evidence, Hier agreed that he forget about a waiting train and used his key to unlock the block system, allowing two trains to enter the section after assuming that the signal-line instrument had failed to free itself.Iteuter.

EDITORIAL

|

to reparations out of current pro-Berlin, Marshal Vassily Sokolovsky. duction from the Western Zones of Germany and her claim to a share

in the control of the Ruhr.

STUMBLING BLOCKS

These were the stumbling blocks at Moscow, where all attempts to reach agreement on other questions, American proposal including the

40-year pact four-power for

Germany's disurma- guaranteeing ment, were reduced by Russia to fresh discussion of her two claims.

a

Election Apathy In China

are -

HINA'S elections for the pur-

of creating a pose

new National Assembly along deine- cratic lines have varlessly becu described as "a trhumph," "dis- appointing," "the Ent ever," and "unenthusiastic." These party reactions and naturally pre- It kent a conillet of viewpoint. does seem fairly clear, however, that as an attempt to encourage nationwide use of the franchise the elections were a fiasco. It. seems unlikely that more than 25 per cent

of volers bothered to null, and that, the result mean a virtual single-party As- sembly a typical example of de

defeating itself.. Ob- mocracy servers will search for reasons for the painful apathy shown by Alia majority of voters. They are

easy to find. Ouistile of the students; intellectuals, civil ser- vants and businessmen,“ most Chinese cannot understand the meaning and purpose of

of spending

at polling booths pulling crosses against the names of per- sons they may have casually heard about, but certainly have nover met. Deeper still

the realisa of political ignorance,

Ulter- Wiele on

tion

ate and uninformed, concern

is to cke out

and family existence,

one

'a personal and they

cannot conceive that by the simple proccas of voting they

may be

helping themselves to Improve flickr own lot. The apathy of the Chinese electors to nut the apathy volers In the Western

of

democracies, which is nothing but sucer laziness to exercise a pri- vilege they fully understand; t Is the apathy' of a people un- -trained to appreciate the power they wield through Unc ballot boxes and until they have been politically educated this will con- tinue. A second Influence on the lightness

Whe of the poll was realisation by thousands of antl- Kuomintang voters of

in- evitability of the KMT continuing to plombiate the Assembly. Το provided a thein the elections

the

so-called democratle facade for what

amounts to a Totalitarian regime.

The Kuomintang Indicat- ed willingness to concede any- thing up to 200 seats; knowing

pull

full well they would. retain such an overwhelming majority as to leave them safe from overthrow, and in the light of this conviction it is certain that a great number of voters did not bother to The Western democracles will uni derive a great deal of satisfaction from Chlan's elections, but it will be acknowledged they constitute 2 forward move.

Although mil- Hons were deprived the right of going to the polls because ther were not residing in the Nationa list-controlled regions, it is re cognized than an attempt has been made to give the rest of the uation the opportunity of voting. While

the new National Assembly

·will not strictly be a popularly elected body, neither will it ba wholly a party machine, and the voice of soma of the people may at last be heard, however faintly,

sion in Vienna,

He listed four main points in the Soviet proposals which, he said, ran counter to the basic attitude of the Austrian Government that all pro perty in Austria owned by foreign interest should be subject to Austrian Jaw.

These were: 1-The proposal that assets in Austria received by Russin under

the definition of German assets should be taken over without liabilities which were attached to

them

the

No one in Washington expected Mr Marshall, in the mood in which he left Washington, to agree to sit

2.That Austrian concerns taken through several weeks of undignified and dreary debate on procedure if

over as German assets by Russia nothing was produced by M. Mole- should be exempt from any future tov kety to provide a reasonable nationalization measures by the means of breaking the present Austrian Government within

framework of State économie plun- stalemate. In both

press and official circlesning.

That the Austrian Government this sesion of the Foreign Ministers Council was regarded as the await- transfer to Russia of the net profits should undertake not to prevent the showdown. In the present

of other income accruing from con- pessimistic mood, Interest had cen- fred on the question of what woul cerns which are listed as German

assets i

in Austria. happen if the Conference broke

ed

down.

-That any disputes as to the

implementation on nny agreement settled by bilateral discussion be retched on German assels should be

tween the and the great power concerned in Government

the transfer..

Austrian

**'Increase food rations and gamble

on resulting in greater output," chance of economic salvation....

"How will Cripps decide? If he sides withi Strachey, Bevin's

star

ay his supporters. "That is our only

ways and Stranding ports and rail- strikers have been tok ollicially that may be in the decline. If he does

and to inaintain the loyalty of the chers to the strike with the

STRIKE SITUATION

The situation was:

Docks-hundreds of thousands of

Union. One Paris paper said that more than 700 teachers itad resigned from the Union.

Professors at Paris universilics were asked to strike for higher wages tons of food remained unloaded as by bills posted on the walls of he duckers at ports from Nice, south-universities-Reuter, eastern Fronce, to Calais, in the north. left their jobs, demanding a 25 per cent wage increase.

In Cherbourg, 14 ships with food and other vital commodities were held up,

Two thousand workers on strike In Paris are handling milk supplies for children.

Heading For Florida By Motor Boat

Copenhagen, Nov. 24.

not, the food situation will become a problem of the gravest magnitude." -United Press.

Children Allowed Into Palestine

New York, Nov. 24-The New York Herald-Tribune pub- lished today a report from

A 55-foot motorboat carrying Ave Jerusalem that the British au-

The railway strike spread north-Bien, two women and five children thorities had agreed to allow ward today to Lens, an important but Into Copenhagen harbour today: 2,800 Jewish chidren now held

the

voyage

The decision was reported to la clude permission to enter Palestine for the parents of 500 of the children who are three years of age or under.

depot in the coal mining area of ending the first leg of a Pas de Calals Department. Pickets from Finland to Florida. prevented, any traffe.

in Cyprus camps for illegal im- Trains from Fortutis,

The crew and passengers of the migrants to enter Palestine

Finnish former Paris were diverted or intermediate points.

hulted at

Navy immediately. olor torpedo boat, said they left Over 150,000

Finland with two other small craft, miners in

but were delayed by motor trouble. northern coalfelds were still out but M. Schuman, who represents the They planned to reach Florida by

v:ay of

England, Holland; France, Moselle

Department, expressed appreciation of the confidence shown United Press,

Portugal und the Canary Islands,.---- him by the 5,000 miners who had! returned to work in that district.

Paris traffic was still impeded but the "Golden

den Arrow left the Gare,

for London. du Nord, this med alght to be five

reported tonight

It was

It was recalled that Mr Marshall was opposed to any idea of a separate peace treaty with Western Germany even if Russia failed to reach age ment.

The French, however, have al-

Dr Gruber said that his Govern-hours behind its schedule, however, ready indicated their Interest fa: M

and it was doubtful whether it would arrange- merge their Zone with the Anglement's objections to the

reach Calais in time to catch the which encroached A118- United States Zone if nothing con tria's sovereignty

Fents

Cross-Channel boat for Dover. equally struc.ive comes out of London. It

valld whether these

Besides Britain, several Important was expected, therefore, that if the

arrangements

rail were made on behalf of Russia or

itaks

..with

Brussels and Council failed, there would be a general breaking down of Zonal bar any of the Western powers. It was

simply riers throughout Western Germany.

a question of principle-- iteuter. NO ILLUSIONS

In spite of official optimism at the Freneli Foreign Office today. responsible quarters in Paris had no great illusions about the chances of agreement on the future

Gor-

were.

on

were

Retains His Title

defoniled

The British decision was reported to have been taken on humanitarian Arounds based on the recommenda÷ tion of army doctors.

French welterweight champion, suced that Individual immigration cer

Puris, Nov. 24-Robert Villemain,

Britain was sold to have stipulat his European fcates would be deducted at cessfully title here tonight by scoring a techal-later date in the case of children. cal knockout against Ceinto, Peyre, An agreement was reached, after the welterweight champion of Italy, long negolla'lons between Britain in the ninth round of a scheduled 15 and the Jewish Agency, it was round contest-Reuter,

stated. Reuter.

General Stripped Of Rank & Decorations

13 KILLED WHEN Washington, Nov. 24.The the Department of Justice, which will the wartime, financial deals of the

Air Force Secretary, Mr W. S. scel a Federal indictnight on criminal Air Force procurement officer. LORRY CRASHES

charges this week. many.

He disclosed that Moyors told a Symington, today announced

Meyers received US$401 a month shocking story on October 11 and The authorities and press

Parts, Nov. 24-Thirteen French that Maj-Gen Bennett Meyerang disability retirement pension and suggested that he be court-martialled however, reluctant to assume that soldiers were tied Instantaneously had been ordered stripped of also US$88. for insurance.

Immediately la nothing at all in the way of relaxed and eight others died later from in- his pension and military

to keep my 'nama dromi de-

The Justice Department announced being smeared across the nation by tension between Russia and

the juries when a lorry, taking them le corations and also would face late today that it would start pre- Senator Ferguson. West would come out of the Con-Toulon, southern France, lett the road

penting evidence against Meyers in ference.

for court-martial and crashed into

wartime Washington tomorrow. The first in- October 11 interview, stated he had a ravino neur Evon the Communist Dress Beausset today.

offences lodged against him by dictments are expected to involve not received any co-operation what- hesitated to commit itself on this Fifteen other soldiers were injured. Senate investigators.

subordination of per- perjury and

ever from the Air Force

his point.

Only one, a Moor, escaped, with At Senate hearings witnesses related jury. Responsible circles in Paris assum- nothing more than a slight scratch on talos of perjury, fraud, corruption

troubles; Meyers added that be was Mr Symington revealed that the afraid his testimony would have lo ed that if, in the first fortnight or so. (the face. The men were to have and bribery.

Air Force' had been working severet bring in a lot of important peoply the London talks showed no signs of embarked at Toulon for service. In Mr Symington sald miltury pro-months in co-operation with getting over the difficulties in Russo- North Africa-Reuter,

the and Mr Symington said the threat, secution would be co-ordinated with Justice Department in Investigating was obvious-United Press.

Mr Symington saki Moyers, at the

in