1947-07-19 — Page 9

Are You Sure?

(Answers on Page 10)

1. Hallway fog mens know the- position of their signals by means of

Telegraph,

miniature TC- peater signals, listening for fall of 'arm, "climbing post to find. out?

2. A thrummel is

An inverted" "Junnel," high court official, mitten that covers the thumb, sail-maker's thimble?

3. The first Christmas Day micasage broadcast by a Hover. Eign was ins

́1922, 1927, 1632, 1037, 18307

4. Beards...one make-belleve, one from life. Whose are they?

5. "They presented unto Him gifts; gold, and frank-incense, and myrrh. Frankincense is— Grated plant roots, pum of a tree, mineral salts, dried herbs?.

3. One of these birds is ex- tinct

crested

Little ank, dodo, grebe, tawny pipit, cornerake,

7. Remember Mr Pickwick's Christian name? If not, think of his servant,

8. What other city, apart from Rome, is bullt on seven hills-

Madrid,

D.C..

Washington, Worcester, Lisbon, Kley, Dethi?

D. The origin of the stamped pattern, on brogue shoes 15-

(a) Sign of belonging to Scottish clang (b) letting out water when fording streamr; (c) to make home-cured leather. mare supple?

SECOND WORKING

LIFE AT 45

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, SATURDAY, JULY 19, 1947.

RADAR SAVES CENTURIES

IN MAKING OF MAPS

UT of war so often como the boons of peace. Mili- tary necessity is tho, mother of invention. And radar, the war winning "magic to" which sealed the doom of bonts, and hoodwinked. the Läftwaffe, and in peace spots whales and storma, and has banished for fear from the sea, Is one of its sturdient off springs.

Vast areas of the globe are still unmapped, but radar now aids the surveyor to make maps which would take centuries to complete by other means. A London correspondent here explains how our cartographers do it now.

for

series of experimental measurements of lang. lines between nircraft endine aintions by flying an fitted with radár ncross the base-line Reveral times. The results were

favourable for geodetic survey.

The third experimental phase in- volved Denmarie" and Norway. Says Lieutenant-Colonel Hart: "The method was devised of connecting triangulations over a wide gap by theodolito rendingo desired track and its position to be co far used for survey-known as simultaneous determined at the moment the plc- 'Géo-H' and 'Oboc'—the aircraft fol- from three stations on either side of the gap, on to parachute Bares drop-- ture is taken.

lows a circular track at constant ped from aircraft in pre-determined range from one station, the limiting

positions.

Trial mops of some

parts

ין

of

range being about 25 miles,”

!'

"Gee-II" was a blind-bombing sys- tem developed from "Gee," the radar during navigational system which,

moment and “so to take part in saturation raids. "Oboe," a

more

"This method was originally plan ned for making a connection between the south coast of England and France, in the neighbourhood of the Normandy benches, shortly after D-

Without It Britain could never have picked up German aircraft on cathode-ray screens Dritan prova beyond doubt radar's when they were miles from the success in map-making. At the English const; without it she moment it. Is being 'employed in the could never have won the Rattle control of air survey, in West Africa of Britain; and, but for radar where owing to tropical forest, and the war, enabled -Allied bombers to Day, but It proved impassible to

the word means "radio detec- orchard bush, ground surveys are ex- work out where they were at any try it at that time." Hoi and ranging"Britain's tremely slow and irksome. Bomber Command and the U.S. Radar as a mop-maker was enlist 8th Air Force would have been ed in the days, dismal for the Allies, powerless to blast German in- when atrategle stretches of the For dustry in horrifying weather. East were in Japanese hands. Mops depriving the. Nazis of any

were almost non-existent. The War chance to rebuild their fac- Omee, Air Ministry, and Ministry of Lorics.

Aircraft Production pooled their scientific brains; aircraft fitted with andur set and a special recording

Now, without it,cartographical ex-

of years to complete the maps need-

perls would take literally hundreds ed to give mankind the world's true shape. The face of the globe which maps have made familiar is. In places, sadly inecurate and incom- pleje. Vast parts of the British Em- for instance, especially in pire, Austrails and Canada are entirely

device led to a phenomenal advance

in surveying and made it possible to make tactical maps of astonishing

accuracy.

Millions Of Maps

subtle device, allowed radar opera tore in England to guide bombers to their oversea

targets, watching"

them all the way and even telling the crews when to drop their bombs.

Experiments

ARLY experimental surveys were

threefold. In 1943, Hart, with a

An opportunily offered itself, how- in Europe. Close co-operation from ever, when the curtain fell on war the Royal Air Force and U.S. cn- Danes and gineers, as well as the Norwegians, led to a sufficient crop

of results for a connection over the

ideal

10-mile gap of the Skagerrak to prove that the method was for extending and connecting major triangulations.

team of experts, first experimented Lieutenant-Colonel

the surveyor,"

"and

да

the 03

air

"Radio has now come to the nsala- tonce of

claims Hart, with 'Gee-H' for this purpose. The doubtless this ald will become technique was crude since the survey equally indispensable trials were subsidiary to

bombing photograph.' trials. Nevertheless, was auccessful in that the position

the

outcome

unmapped, ill larger areas are only the first world war.34,000 maps of the aircraft was established

covered by maps:

rough

14

reconnaissance

of

to

WORLD'S RECORD SPEED BID

Sir Malcolm Campbell, Britain's water speed acc, is attempting to beat his own world speed record of 141.74 mplt. Last Sunday, he took his 26-foot long motor boat, Bluebird, on a trial and reached a speed estimated at 150 mph Picture shows the Bluebird with Sir Malcolm at

the cockpit.

TITO REGIME

REGIME INTENSIFIES

RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION

clever

chat-

of

were printed but in the second, be within 70-100 metres. Eventually, it tween January, 1941, and August, was decided that "Oboe" with its White faithful maps are not avail- 1044, alone, the figure amounted to greater intrinsic accuracy, should be able the economic development of 230,000,000, excluding those printed tried. So in August, 1944, a survey various territories will be virtually in the field. Just before the North block was flown and controlled impossible.

Africa landings 9,500,000 maps were by using "Oboo" installed in a Fly- Osservatore Románo, the Vatican religious campaign' under Marsha!' "It must be stressed," Civita Fortunately, between the two available for the attack on Madagas- ing Fortress, guided by an auto newspaper, recently published a full- Tito's regime, the Civilla Cattolica goes on. "that the Communists are world warA methods of surveying car. Obviously the aerial technique station 85 miles away.

page report on what it termed predicts that it is only, a question using the most diabolically from aerial photographs rapidly de-

in map-making, though revolu-

only means to prevent parents · frum veloped. But although serial

"developments in religious persees of time before religion--not pic-

In this system the aircraft is flown tion in Yugoslavia." emer-

The report, Catholic but also orthodox and other teaching the catechism, now that of ground surveying-often over gencten. tures bypass the heart-breaking task tionary, was vital In such

on a circular are of which one ground originally printed by the magazine denominations will go underground it has been abolished in school and station (the "Cat") is the hazardous mountains, glaciers, and

forbidden in church. The children centre. Civilta Celtolica, which is edited by in self protection. Briefly, the basic principles

Pulses transmitted from this station Jesuit fathers, contained little that

are encouraged to mock the other physical obstacles-it is impos radar range measurements are these.

to the alturaft provide a steady range

The Civilta says the Communists gious beliefs and practices of their sible to make accurate maps from alt As is now well-known, radar pulses aural

air

guide to the

show parents, whose authority is photographs alone. The system in-

an publications.

that there is religious freedom, but lenged as an anachronistic relie Millions of persons must

while retransmission expect(volves building up a network of fixed' sent out into space are reflecled back ural signat pilot by means of an hnd not already been said in Catholic leave some churches open to two working lives"-one beginning points which over a big country, another aircraft, just as a voice is station permits automatic recording two pastoral letters of Archbishop that in some villages of Bosnia the organised manoeuvre,

ground by solid objects like

from the

tho aircraft to

round

It was a condensation of the last impose the most serious restrictions capitalism and reaction.

où religious practice. It charges To mask this vast and minutely at 18, the other around 45-Ewan is a laborious, expensive operation, an

echoed by

nt there

of Clague, commissioner of the US especially when carried out by the Colonel Hort, who initiated the ex- the experimental flight the camera now is serving a sixteen-year jail church and priests are

whose actual track veriation. For Aloysius Stepinatch of Zagreb, who faithful re forbidden to attend poure would damage them abroad Bureau of Labour Standards, told

unable

to and at home, the Communists do periments in mapping by radar, dis was operated by remote control at term imposed by a Yugosiny court obtain

to officiate permission

in allow closes that for air survey purposes the second for

predetermined release points

certain measure of religious en collaboration charges.

parishes that lack a priest.

functioning in some "Mouse"

schools-29. the distance is measured between the

Altimeter records

But the fact that the Vatican news-

propaganda weapon. But those who It says that anti-Catholic propu know the whole country well have aircraft and each of two accurately station." research, broom-WARTIME to

however, located ground

paper reprinted it as n strong attack radar stations photographed in the plane by ม yields an alternative system, now known as "Cat" and "Mouse by camera synchronised with the survey against a Communist government waanda is carried out through violent no doubt that the Communist party

press attacks against the Pope and is developing a plan that aims the first time by means at radar

regarded in Vatican circles as a Bishops "with the obvious intent of destroy ruthlessly what it The lesson, as Clague sees it, is revented

pulse signals camera.

reminder to world public opinion of synchronised with the operation of

undermining the to teach high school students to an-leutenant-Colonel C. A. Hart,

loyalty of the tunnelentine Christian teaching.

terms ticipate a second career" for job the Directorate of Military Survey at the survey camera.

The second set of experiments that the Holy See, fur from weaken- faithful to the See of Peter and to switched to the Mediterranean zone. Ing in its anti-Communist position, their pastor.",

The magazine lists many cases of security.

Britain's War Office. The technique

what it calls persecution of the war "The distance," he explains, "Is Towards the close "Adult education must be ex-depends on radar methods developed

of the In was carrying on the fight with un- "All Catholic elementary and clergy, Involving bishops, religious In RAF measured ponded," Clague said. "Many a for the precise placing. of

terms of interval Italy a Royal Engineers radar sur-wavering determination, says the boarding schools have been closed, orders, nuns and parish priests. labourer, could turn in later years to bomber alrcraft over Germany. of time between transmitted and re- yey team was engaged in computing New York Times.

the nugazine asserts, while "all The main danger to Indicated on a targets for the U.S. Army Air Force.:

religion, It timekeeping or semi-clerical work if These systems enable a photographic turn pulses, as

In giving what purports to be à children are obliged to attend

the suyu, la the atheistin instruction alteraft to be, navigated along the cathode-ray tube. In the methods 'This work ended, plans were made complete ponornma of the anti- he went back to school."

state.Rclinals,"

elven to youth.

a vocational guidanca group recently.eld method of triangulation,

"Men on heavy duty, such

the rubber industry, can't stand the gaft after middle age," Clogue said. "Many have to turn

sweeping."

Alternative System

for

E

cliff. Lieutenant-

VIGNETTES OF LIFE

* WHY DON'T

YOU PUT

·SOME WATER IN ITS

from ground were

st

'Garage Notes"

By KEMP STARRET T

"YOU'D BETTER. LEAVE IT OUT-

·SIDE. YOULL NEVER MAKE

IT!

ex-

to

EA736

TRYING TO GET THE DRIED UP CAR POLISI OUT

OF THE CAN: IT'S ABOUT AS MUCH USE AS A TURTLE AT A TAFFY-PULL.

WHEN THE CULTURE OR BRIDGE CLUB MEETS AT YOUR PLACE ANY RAINY SATURDAY THE GARAGE IS A HANDY DEFIGE.

LISTEN, I JUST WACHED AND POLISHED OUR CAR YESTERDAY... AND IT'S

"STAVIN' IN TIL GARAGE, I DONT CARE IF REY LIKE IT OR NOT... "THEY CAN PARK IN THE DONE.

A

YOU CAN ALWAYS FIND A RAKE JO MATTER

WHAT TOOL

YOU'RE LOOKING

KS 9373

FOR.

"BUT!

BUT !

THE GARAGE IS THE PLACE

BUT!

WHERE THERES ROOM FOR

BUT

EVERYTHING BUT THE CAR...

BUT

Ledger Syndicate

CATS SEEM TO MINK.

· THAT YOU DOLIGIL A CAR...

·JUST SO THEY'LL HAVE A NICE, CLEAN PLACE TO GET- THE AUD OFF THEIR TEET.

HOSPITALITY HAS ITS L'ANTS: QUE ON TIEAC IS PUTTING YOUR NICE CLEAN BUS Our

IN THE RAIN TO ALLOW A MUDDY CRATE. THAT'S NEVER HAD A GARAGE TO ITS

·BACK, GET ITS FIRST TRIP II-DOORS.

WHEN THE WASPS MOVE, IN YOU MIGHT AS WELL MOVE OUT THE GARAGE IS THURS FOR

THE SUMMER, AT LEAST.