1946-12-24 — Page 4

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, / 1946.

FORMER CHIEF OF HONGKONG GENDARMERIE FACES TRIAL

(Continued from Page 1)

received

ANGLO-EGYPTIAN TREATY

Culro, Doc. 23. Premier Nokrashi Pesha 13 to make sfalement in the Senate to- day on the Anglo-Egyptian treaty negatiutions, and a strong Opposi

to attack is expected.

Jed

Council.

CONVICTED OF COLLABORATION

Taiano, Dec. 21. Convicted on collaboration charges, Ma Liang former Governor of the Japanese-sponsored Shantung pro- vincial Government, was sentenced to-day to life imprisonment by the Shantung High Court. Accused was the first Governor appointed by the Japaness after the fall of Tsinan...

Central Naws.

TO-DAY'S BROADCAST

201 on Sfi ke from 1230-1.15, 0.30-7.30, 0.11 p.m., also on 0.53 me,

4.30, London Transcription Service:

Music for Christmas: 7. London Jelay: News: 7.15, Straus Walizes; 7.00, Studio: George Lobb at the Piano; B, London Transcription Service; "The Top of the Tree An unsophisticated love story, by Lesile-Smith, Lyrics by Max Kester, Prod: by Vernon Harris; 0.43, Mozart: "Eine Kleine Nachtmusik". London Relay: News: 0.05, "Join in and Bing" GCO Popular Choruses; 0.30, London Relay:

་་ Kolewall's Protest "Translations of both those minutes

Philip Leaver, with Music by Kenneth

Torularity and conslatency and of the general ill-treatment of civilians, and various anonymous letters from Chl-i will be read to you and you will "TMA"; 10, Grand Variety; 11, Clono

officer

and

of

|

joanagement

blankets

nonesses,

of verminous

their were

wash; 10 which

not -are

1;

care

over

The Cabinet, in a three-hour meeting yesterday, discussed tactics behnviour In the maintenance of couldn't have falled to have heard to be followed and the Promler pre- Opening Mujor McGreggor suld:

the screams of those being interro order. "It is now almost a year alnce War

anticipated criticism, Crimes trials opened In South East

"A statement will be read of Pic. quied-a dally occurrence; remember, a "powerful rebuttal to the The Wafdist Opposition Party, Asia; and during that Ume, Court Alex Henkel of the Winnipeg Grena- for three years. You will be told

cases diers.

Mustafa by former Premier At the fall of Hongkong, he he inspected the cells when they were have disposed of numerous

to about three times Nahas Pasko, has a large represen Involving all manner of infringement was a patient in Queen Mary's Hoa- overcrowded

per- Lay International

pital and he stayed there for a fort their capacity. One witness will tell tatlon in the Senate.-United Press. opainst

In the petrated by Japanese.

night. From here he could see you he was receiving electric terture

at the fortnightly meeting with the Thero wero one day. nt Central Japanese armed forces and elvilions

ays figured pro-Japanese soldiers torture Chinese

Governor, which was hold a day or one group have Always

some and throw

Bo later. He did so, and on August same room. Accused entered the minently in trials, perhaps more so elvilians, bayonet som is the Kempeltal, or as they are also about to Chinese civilians were at room and stood watching for a few 10, 1895, reported on tus acuons to a than any other single rection. That them into the non. On one occasion, tiers suspended from beams in the

sun with gasoline cans room and watching for a few minutes, meeting of his own Representative In fon over their heads

in the

they died of known, the Gendarmerie.

Gminutes. He did not interfere. not belled

Here kong, their history in

suggest you

Anonymous Complaints their irecord in other spheres of asphyxiation.

u to prevent

Noma himself says he military operations. And in this consider how this measures up with

Two how Sir Robert Kotowall pro-

(** | down. area such has been the degree, Noma's admitted duty

nese complaining of torture, general matter. were when Capt Shlozawa was in tested against malpractice in round- That is all on

of

at types of offences that you will be the maintentinco of order.

people

will, ponsible for the illegal actions of his that

them into walling vehicles subordinates, since on that devolves asked to say

actions of in-

Uicm on deporting

the Accused's lability or otherwise on dividuals were not unconnected, not The second sub-heading concerns the charge of Kowloon Magistracy. He ing

toin.

ile even went to statlons to and merely separate delinquencies, but sinister workings of Accused's police admits to having cautioned the Cape forcing

and his Gendarmerie tain.

of torture, on the first available boat. He

the charge. The full limits of this part of a deliberate policy Inspired organisation

to You will remember he look for instruments

Perhaps quested such people should be eva- responsibility I do not propose but couldn't find any, their leadership here. So you Stations.

Col. Usted some of these in his statement,

cuated back to their native places. with fle

even try to enunciate here. But you Do impressed

will see before you, as accused,

"The Governor replied to these re-

be

matter of

approaching the C.

In another place he says presentations. tho Noma Kennosuke,

ea. Tal, Po, Kowloon, Shamshulpo, you may

His reply will serve cautiously if you ask yourself two Gendarmes in Hongkong from the Yaumati, Eastern or tappy Valley, zeal.

ms an interesting sidelight on what questions. time of the invasion in December Central Poilce Station and Supreme he is sorry some of his men beat the

prisoners.

most WAS certainly the greatest single (1) Did Accused order the acts? 1941

was Court. to February 1945, when he was

Conditions in Stations

"The reason for all this torture is outrage perpetrated on the long suf- (2) Did he acquiesce in them, relloved off his command and re-

"You will hear witnesses as to the obvious enough when you examine fering Chinese public in the Colony counteriance them, or knowing what turned to Japan. And for the sum

and conditions. pre- the Japanese organisation. As I in- total of the crimen of all those under

ieder moment to the issues here, he ac

And as an Inference from (2) if | his authority, the prosecution seek to valling in all there sub-stations. Nor timated earlier, Gendarmes arrested during the Occupation. But of great was going on, fail to stop them.

are the witnesses confined to a par-suspects and carried out preliminary funtly says he was aware of the mal- the CO. by his own deliberate or make him account.

aware that reckless omisaton, disregards "You will apprcelate that in order ticular time. Their evklence covers Investigations, 11 a prima facie cuse practice. And he was

Gendarmen had been guilty of cor-warnings or signs that things aren't to attribute the short-comings of his the whole of the Accused's period in was made out, the prisoner was then

matter. After the ns they should be, ho can't plend Governor, the Head of the Civil ignorance because the Ignorance, if subordinates to the Accused, I must | Hongkong. They will tell you of the handed over, to the Judicial Depart-rapt.on in the. first be explained to you exactly slarvation diet, the Althy prenentment for trial. Nema tells you, ac

food, the

Department cording to law a person is guilty who Affairs

also spoke, it does exist, is his own fault. of meagre ration of what was the scope of their open-ton

cells in admits a charge. So his men were mentioning a scheme for releasing overcrowded

"There is one thing more to say tions

and the nature

hopelessly

persor wrongfully arrested. He before calling the first witness. activities. This can best be reliably which they existed in degrading instructed to get confessions. From

said the number released represented want to emphasise this one aspect. conveyed to you by a responsible and circumstances; of how they were not the Judicial Department, two wit-

Col Kogl and Capt. 20 to 25 per cent of sutal arrested--it This case is brought against Noma was allowed who knowledgeable

the only Yamaguchi will tell you that when staggering commandarmes in their clearly illegal. The actions were on actions which, if proved, were actually on the spot in Hongkong. † blani

exercised by the And surely by nane more ably than bedding; of the complete lack of they received suspects for trial from

the Gen- medicines or medical treatment.

arresis. Even then, he adds, the the Kempeliai a confession was one

continuing ones, Accused himself. So a statement medl

small darmes consider this too lenient. tendered in Deaths is these cells were a common

years and as widespread as of the basle documents always hand- will be proved

need over with them. So you will see

"You will see there is no direct re- Colony will permit. It is submitted, evidence, made by him in which he thing and did not seem of much con-

All these things, let me the system, broadly from Noma's ference to Accused here. I suggest and submitted strongly

thant the gives you this information. You will sequence.

contes restricted learn from this that Gendarmes were say

ime. viewpoint, would be get

you that if an influential body maiter complained of were all of agala

The either to a particular place or time sion as quickly as possible and ret of Chinese complained to Sir. Mark their very nature. charged with the duty of checki

notorious, behaviour

Young about the behaviour of Police Accused is an experienced soldier, a of And, always, always, so that rid of the interrogatee. No buck log troops civilian

during the occupa- recital will weary you, those who of those who wouldn't confess was in this Colony, and Sir Mark Young mature man whose education is not

enemy were

bloud- there describe of

loud-desirable. Too much in the pending had to admit the justice of some of limited merely to his Army protect

have and

thing in captured

is a bad my chilling tortures, which we

anyone's *****tray with in

You must scrutinise his who their contentions, the Chief of Police peri

Perience. the prevention of loot and

corne to associate inevitably

administration. Some of those who and neral ill-treatment of civilians; for

"Interrogation" the word

you a junior are were transferred to Stanley were so I put it to you now that Nonn,actions, therefore, far more carefully These "Kempeltal."

are executed.

If their crime was that So the rounding up of uples, counter

NCO, know how his if he didn't already

You are entitled to expect think they'll

in this from him a for higher standard of espionage, interrogation of suspects of any of the above crimes; and many and are well known in these serious, does anyone

There is the water trent confess without some Kempeitai Gendarmes were behaving.

entitled duty, he know soon enough after skill, care and behaviour than you And you are generally maintaining civilian order ment, where the suspect is made to pert

persuasion? undergo the suffocating sensations to infer that some persons at least, August 19, 1943. And what improve would from any of his inferiors. It And to this

People have of those executed, were condemned ment if any was effreted? None in is claimed at least that he knew

he tell of a drowning man.

what was happening and failed to check the evil. Ask yourself how Experiences of People Deported. pollee died under it, and others have come on the evidence of such confessions. fact, things got worse.

There According to law a person mitted suicide to it.

it would have been to take "Now let us look at the actual easy Further, if a

person were arrested are beatings with sticks, bolts, bam who admits

Tods,

straps and wire cables. Noma and you may have to decide executive end of this deportation, action on any of the matters I've by. the Gendarmerie in pursuance of these duties he would be inter-Sometimes the victim is burnt, with that there are guilty people who deny what were the experiences of people put before you. And what hardship,

olled it.

deported.

suffering and death he could have thereafter and

after elgarettes, or with newspaper rolled

Ansy Deportations rogated by them

Those to be arrested were taken avoided. That he did not da co There

of a аге instances handed over to what was known as up.

"I come now to the having

sub-first of all to North Point Camp. produced misery and suffering to a under interrogation Judicial Department for trias, person the

When their number which evidence having heading under wolk on hot coals, or

was suficient degree unparalleled in the history of But it was not the duty of Kempeital to

atlon cinders placed оп chest. You offered viz., the Gendarmes part in they were piled in junks. The junks the Colony." personnel to carry out any execution or sentence ordered by the Judicial will see the unmistakable scars on the mass deportation from Hong were towed away escorted by a launch in which armed Gendarmes went as Department. After the handing over, some who will testify. As a varia-kong.

"Soon after the occupation, it was guards. Sometimes they were actually their

the matter part in

ceased. tion, some people would be kicked

concrete onto

floors claimed by the Japanese that the In the junks. On arrival at the des utset, and thrown You

realise from the outset, may reb

of Ju- food that Noma's

avalluble in the Colony was tination you will hear from one wit these mighty exponents by organisation

these men who served their insufficient for the number of in-ness of how on one occasion sick and one, by reason of its

thelr backa. pedients, it was decided to imple- seems that, in the process, some 70 civilian population, and

and also because their hands behind This

hear described as

as ment a scheme of deportation of men, women and children lost their of the broad scope of its activities.

torture. those whom the

On another occasion eight or "Arising out of offences of both "Aviation" or "Acroplane

torture is applied.

pleased to call 'Undesires was lives.

This nine junks were test in a typhoon omission and commission, then, is Again, electric

charge you are to try now. And The victim is connected to a battery would lessen the demand on

some people were landed on Low it, you will see that Accused is or field telephone, and subjected to Colony's food supply. Undesirables whilst en route to Bias Bay. Again Chow, an uninhabited island of the alleged to have been concerned in the agony of a continuous current. were those not in possession of a Executions Without Trial

ration card enabling them to pur-Po Toi group, which is roughly ill-treatment of civillan residenta

"Dogs were employed at some s

sub-chase rice, criminals and vagrants. South of Hongkong and visible them died or were unlawfully killed stations. They were also used to The Genchirmes part in this was in from Stanley. There is nothing there by members of the Japanese forces make people talk:,large dogs of the rounding up these people, guarding to permit survival; and visitors to wolf hound pattern. them and then escorting them to that island will tell you of the pre- and many others underwent physical Alsatian or

on junks. The Accused denies--all knowledge of chosen destination suffering.

them, though one was actually at the process started in 1942-13. If sence of skulls and bones. You are "The presentation of the evidence Court. I ask the Court to owing more than that were proven were of castaways. remains

Suprem

berc falls roughly into three subheadings remember tint, us it hears the the prosecution would argue which may be shortly set out asidence, and consider whether this that INOAS deportation in the50 follows:

notorious | man. 18t

man had good reason to deny the circumstances is strictly illegal: And I fortee will describe a nightmare) (0) In relation to the and

of Cx general misbehaviour Gendarmes in Hongkong, all allowed

unchecked and LO

controlling

annese

und

same way DG

In the dinary policeman.

to on existing

end, Noma goes you that the force were made subject to

was

or-

name

Courts.

boo

his

the

the char;-ga

third

is

to you

Case proceeding.

EX-

Printed and published by Frederick Percy Franklin for and on behalf of South China Morning Post Limited et 1-3 Wyndham Street, City of Vic-

Plate contact and control of the master Noma; or suspended withhabitants. After trying various ex-unft were pushed into the sea. It loria, in the Colony of Hongkong.

the

in

to

a result of which numbers of

presumably approved;

therefore,

A Mr J. A. Stericker will tell you

died. This

Was

on

you will

the

asked to infer that those

Another

Insting 6 days; when the party Inasmuch as Accused co-operated in landed, they were no far gone from the arrangements to carry out the lack of food and water, that many illegality, he must share some of the expired on the beach. This was in

the Mirs Bay area. blame for the gullt.

werd

existence of these dogs. We of course, that Accused knew well of their existence. You can't hide an Alation dog for months from

"But the story goes further than

"On arrival they were roughly Gendarmes are not used to

handled--beggars, children, good (b) And the portion of the charge people in the same building. involving the most evidence-the "Then there are executions with that.

cases, that are doing things quickly and fairly; and citizens, anyone you like-so that out trial. In two of civilians and ar- imprisonment rested personnel generally, under elled, evidence comes from Japanese soon they merely rounded up anyone they may die even before landing. actually they saw, no matter who he was, and And on landing we have evidence conditions wholely unacceptable to themselves, that Accused

In other cases this whether in possession of a rico from two different places of the normal standards of civilisation; ordered them.

Some of these

arse deaths of hundreds. I

most Buggest so categorically, but rallon card or not. their forture.

even is not proven retention and

able to buy their strongly that you must infer some of you cannot escape the inference that people were execution without trial;"

part (c) The

the he approved. It will appear the freedom; others gained it through the these people were good citizens played by venud no trial. And evidence efforts of their relatives. Butchers whose one crime was they ins Kempeitai In the

In the street at the wrong time, civilians for compulsory deportation will be forthcoming that the execu- again, having been unceremoniously

Deportees Aggravate Famine from Hongkong in order to imple-tions from one Station anyway were arrested were deported without

*An ex-major of the BANG was ment a scheme for reduction of the reported to the Gendarmerie Head-chance even of notifying relatives.

You will see the Gendarmes point representative of United China Relief population. I propose to deal with quarters. cach

"The Prosecution claim under the of view; a good citizen cats as much Fund to the Tal Plug Area. He spent these headings in a little

And indiscriminate a good deal of time there, from June moro detail.

whole of this second aspect of the as a criminal,

December 1913. There were Aisa.lans Used on Woman

headings is a simple one, viz. that arrests are much easier than the to all of these practices were so wide- tiresome business of investigation famine conditions prevailing there- The conditions were of seven Chinese coolics, tied up spread and continuous that he must and arresting selected persons, so abouts. near the Penk Tram in Garden Road, have letown at their existence. And get rid of anyone at all. For them aggravated by the arrival of deportees in full view of everyone. When he

hain as much as they continued, he the object of the exercise was to from Hongkong during this period, plready in first saw them, several had already must bear the responsibility for them. lessen the population, and in doing in such quantities and collapsed and all were completely There are, об you may have so they carried out the spirit If not such a condition that, mass starvation set in.. Witness will say that during exhausted. They were still there 24 guessed, instances of protest having the letter of their instructions with hours later, by which time some had been made directly to Noma. Li-Colan alacrity which does credit to their the period the death rate was be- tween 500 and 700 per month. Gauge appa.

Kanazawa was the Governor General's enthusiasm If not their discrimination, 30, 1941. This place, as Chief of Staff from July 1944 10:

from that what a disastrous under- Two Chinese Councils you know, is in the very heart of February 1945. Ile says that the Go- Hongkong-so that it must have

admonished "In Hongkong during the occupataiding this was.

"Clear and unequivocal proteals are beca witnessed and countenanced by vernor, through him

tion were two organisations, known Gendarmes in their capacity as Accused because of reports heard of the Chinese Co-operative Council made from Influential bodies in '1943. visiting brutality on prisoners. Mai- and the. Chinese Representative This will be proven by minutes of police.

Council.

meeting. But you will also be "Mr.Emil Landau will describe the Gen Tomita heard from his fellow

were in 1 use of Alsatian dogs to gavage a officers on his arrival in Hongkong, The duties of the two Councils told by witnesses who

briefly... hat there were many bad points in were,

the position to know the conditions of the to represent Chinese woman in Mt. Davis Road, the Hongkong Gendarmerie. He says interesis of the Chinese Community people, that there was no improve. and the practising of Ju-Jitsu on

Noms as Chief, should be respon; and att intermediary between them me

ment. These people were heads of Chinese civilians on concrete sur- faces. And he says, Gendarmes used sible for these, misbehaviours. Col and the Japanese Government. They District Bureaux which organisations Govern- Chinese as dummies for training of Noma was returned to Japan partly were, to convey the views of the operated as forces of local

men al bodies Chinese people to the Government matters as public health and rice in charge of such Alsatian dogs to attack people. The for that reason.

Deputation Protests

on any public question which might unfortunate people were badly torn

And vice versa

distribution. As such they were Another witness Li Koun-chun arise. about in the process.

อ denito- "Copies of minutes of two meetings constantly in touch with the peopic.

"There you see tion wito protested against detaining of these organisations will be proved 1944a deportation scheme in operu Dr Siegfried Ramder will testify will tell you he was and of

the position in to the use of dogs. by Gendarmes lo

by Chan Sheung-pak. and Davis people in various places not fit to also in Mt, avage people

produced by

tion,

which, it is submitted, was Rood. Groups of about 12 people at be prltone, that these pineng were A translation of each will then be legol in its very casence. And the

proven by

ven by Major Chan of 13 War Gendarmes. time, men, women and children, insanitary and in them people

co-operated, with the would be dealt with. And witness poorly fed: that they were actually Crames: Investigation Team.

iiyrenL,

to a knowledge and approval of the of the treatment they The first of these relates to

Matters Accused.

further claims he saw this happen at least on Permission was asked to meeting of the Chinese Co-operative teh i'mes drill

1943-1944. Frederick

inspect these prisons; but it was re- Council held on August 16, 1043, in aggravated because the scheme gets Was another who say Gendarmea in early 1945, fused. All this happened way back which an impromptu motion is made out of hand and deportees, so far

being from

undesirable--a strɔnge LI Koon-chun, word in the mouth of a Gendarme by by the Chairman, patrolling the streets with Alation in 1942-43. But you will see that

regarding the unconscionable way in

In the way-might be anyone who woll hound dogs, trained to at- helpless people still continued to disreg

the sume reason, in 1944. And which the deportations were being tack people at their order.

Claims by Accused

that is why the prosecution is at carried out. It was resolved at that happened to be in the street. Some

because

Were

4.

their

aro

these is that cant thing about pains to show you the state of things meeting that the motion be submified of these people are released after

thousands

The most.

claims in his in 1944; that they were exactly the to the second body, the Representa arrost, some are unable to avoid the

at one of

the dia- Kotewall, was journey, And

poluta, statement that no doga were used tame as in 1942 Protests were of tive Council. Sir Robert

Representative embarisation by the Gondarmes. But, you are te avall against a mottled polley, Chairman of this

perish

from starvation. asked to glean from these Incidents imply because it was settled, and Council. He will say he received

CO's Responsibility copy these minutes

Df that from the outset, Gendarmes ward it was a policy. regene

"At this Floge, it would be well "Those who were imprisoned in about August 18, and as a result, quile prepared to display publicly

Accused's own HQ will tell you he brought up. the mattern referred to to consider how far a CO. is rea their comploto disregard for orthod

on

#

NEW CARLOAD

OF TOYS

TO FILL LITTLE CHILDREN'S STOCKINGS

SANTA CLAUS ARRIVING I

SAY

MERRY CHRISTMAS

WITH

WINES

AND

CANDIES

SPECIALLY OFFERED AT

SINCERE'S

TO-DAY

COCKTAIL BAR 8TH FLOOR. GLOUCESTER HOTEL

IF IT'S BEER YOU DRINK

INSIST ON

6" LION 99 N99

New York's Famous

PILSENER

BEER

DEALERS,

ON SALE AT ALL

LICENSED

BARS, RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS

THROUGHOUT THE COLONY.

LANE,

SOLE DISTRIBUTORS

CRAWFORD, LTD.

(IMPORT & EXPORT DEPARTMENT)

EXCHANGE BUILDING

TEL, 28151,