1946-11-14 — Page 3

SHOULD BAD

SOLDIERS BE AMNESTIED?

By the Hon. William Douglas-

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1946.

THOSE LAST

WORDS

E

VER since I read the nccount,

of how Goering cheated the

Home, formerly captain in the hangman and of how the other We Must Wipe

Royal Armoured Corps.

Nazi condemned went to their

How dimcult is it to secure and conceal potnnslum cyanide under conditions which ffure expressly arranged, to prevent

you from doing either?

Not dimeult at all, apparently. A British Secret Service agent experience: Germany and German-occupied Europe-says:{

deaths, I have been thinking Out Their Effect 0 which arises from this last act. Now-And This

prisoner in over the most important problem

WAS a I

Wakefield Jail on VE- Day. All around me, my fellow prisoners were filled with hope of carly freedom.

"There will be amnesty. The King will grant a general pardon." Thus the rumour ran.

all

the Our fellow prisoners, civilian criminals, displayed little intercat in our optimistic views, because they were pro- fessionals and had no falso optimism.

In September Take my own case, 1044 I was in Montgomery's Euro- peun Army. I saw fit to disobey an order at the battle of Le Havre,

October was in Wormwood By Scrubs Prison, dressed in a grey suit. serving a year's hari labour among criminals of every kind.

Nor was I alons.

Thousands in jail Thousands of officers and men in the British Army, Navy and Alr Force, found guilty by coart-martial nt various military crimes, were sent into civilian prisons in England to serve their sentences as common crt; minals. Thousands of them are at

there.

-4,לי

11:3

The reason, given by authority, was this: "There are not enough military prisons to accommodate all convicted milliary personnel. Therefore, wo

1250 the must

civilian prisons well"

Consequently, Hic tougher mill- tary enses were sent to the military prisons, the more docile were sent elvilian prisons.

This In itself constitutes a priority reason for a public, Inquiry.

It means that young men whose

has sole crime, in most instances, been

inability to a paychological adapt themselves to war-are con- demned to spend years (usually from live to -ven years) cheek by Jowl, with professional criminals of every type.

I can think of several friends I had in Wakefield Juil. ·

hours.

He was sentenced to dive

|

of the Nuremberg drama,

How are the Germans going to react to this story 7

What effect will it have on them now, when Germany is devastated and hungry, occupied and ruled by victorious enemies?

Is How I'd Do It

By SEFTON DELMER

No

I

N

t

"I often carried tablets of cynulde with me. Some of my friend had to use them, too.

our

"You may disregard reports that Goering had a glass In his mouth. There is no necessity for a glass capsule.

"We never carried cyanide in gloss. We usually curried one tablet, less than half an inch in diameter and nolid.

constant search, and my first tablet of poison had been taken from me, I would frat decide on a hiding place for a second tablet, and then on my 'donor."

"I would consider the visiting doctor or barber.

"We often hid cyanide In the

barber helping with adhesive And where would I hide the tablet? Why, between two Goering, for Angers. When example, was last seen alive he was asleep-with one hand tightly clenched."

And what effect will it have distributed, so that Germans can on the Germans of the next have easy access to them.

All that was being contemplated, generation in a country rebuilt when I made my inquiries was that and recovering?

the Stationery Ofee record of the I fear that in the bomb.trial-in English-should be dis-form of a clot on the head, tho

gymnasium of the tributed to the British zone public blasted

libraries.

arrangements had Nuremberg prison a new legend been made for a German version.

Thin of heroic militant Teutonism

lock of enterprise or of handful of British may

bave been born-with judgment Ly

Inficials may well unda the careful the propaganda value.

Consider Keitel's: "I now followwork of the lawyers and of

hundreds of intelligence oflcera who All for Germany," Con- tied the damning documents. my sons. sider Frick's spitting on the floor. at the feet of Allled spectators.

Consider the theme of "God save Germany and make her great unce more," which was the gist of all the hanged men's last words, And, above all, consider Goering's Buat deflnner.

Comfort

ALL this is balm ATM suffering from national humiliation.

Yet the Irini should be an essential contribution to the de-Nazification of Germany. And I sincerely be- lieve that Germany could be Nozied.

de-

But om also convinced that this cannot be done by present methods. We should aim at establishing in Germany a democratic system of government, based on the rule of Germans law and the responsibility of the executive to elected representatives of the people.

to

sense a

of

be

F:- he-

And the mon who should execrated because they were ponsible for this humiliation, cause they were the authors of the greatest crime in history, may come to be worshipped as heroes.

Their crine may not be regarded crime as an berole attempt

But that failed and that should be made again-with other methods.

There is only one antidote to this:

Ds n

the record of the trial.

Unfortunately, the British authorl- lies responsible for information Services in the British zone do not Im- appear to have seen the full portance of the Nuremberg trial in the re-education of Germany.

Slow work

FOUR days after the judges had delivered their Bumming-up, found that the British Information Service had

received the

We could do this without pre- Judictng the military security of our occupation and disarmament of Germany,

Censorship

Vanntemnitamustad leaders who could use key positions to build an underground militarist

State.

LANCASHIRE

NEWSLETTER

(By T. Wellding)

Sir

Both employers and workers in the cotton industry have been subjected to a spirited at- tack by Sir George Schuster, Chairman of the Cotton Work- ing Report, who declared that even with existing labour and machinery output could be in- ereased by 25 per

cent. George, who had engagements in Manchester, Colne and Blackpool, naked, at his Man- chester press conference, If Lancashire was going to aleep. At present the industry was producing only 715,000,000 lbs of yarn a year compared with the pre-war output of 1,520,- 000,000 lbs.

It was unly by Improving produc- tion that they could increase wage Handards and get the 40-hour week. In reply, Mr G. A. Barnes, President of the Federation of Master, Cotton Spinners' Associations Ltd sald Sir George

spolte without adequate knowledge of the position and vited him to

to meet the

nnerious shoration. There was

of

But should an insignificant former yarn, be odded, and mills were able only to operate on approximately 70 member of the Nazi Party be puniabed because he committed the crime cent of productive expuelty, and there were still 60 spinning mills of joining a political party which idle. The present negotiations was perfectly legal when he joined the workers' application for a shorter 117 Surely that is the negation of democracy.

working week would further reduce production If agreement was reached to reduce the number of hours work- cd.

One example

Nazi

IN Hamburg I saw a fireman go before a de-Nazilleation panel. He looked a most unexplosive little nan, in uniform, with the wastika rubbed from the buckle of should establish a free Press

his hell.

His story was this:- in Germany, free to print the "The housepainter win nows, free to criticise-yes-free toticed me said he would only employ criticise even the offelsis of British members of the party. So I became Military Government.

the party. I a member of took an active parl."

(of

The only restrictions should be those restrictions of the law Bbel. unct contempt of court) to which newspapers in democratic Britain are subject.

But what happens?

confiscate

books nil

from libravies expressing sentiments un- comfortable to us,

We

the making

German new papers censor themselves, just Ins they censored themselves under

the Nazis.

are

It a newspaper goes wrong the editor is able to be dlsmkised 'or the publisher may lose his licence as under the Nada,

appren-

on

Meanwhile workers in many other industries in Lincashire are pressing their claims for a 40 hour week. At Park, o demonstralien ut Trafford

near Manchester, 10.000 engineering workers employed by Metropolitan- insed n resolution support. ing the T.U.C. demand for a 40 hour, Ave-day working week, and unul that can be attained urged the im- never 'mediate abolition of Saturday morn

Ing work.

he

The panel accepted his story which was confirmed by witnesses. They agreed that he should stay In the fire brigade, but that should not be promoted or get any increase of pay for two years.

wou This

Jaks punishment for having helped the Nazi Party by belonging to it.

Let them know!

T is high time the whole policy of re-education, democratisation

and de-Nizification were thought over again.

Housing Hold-Up

on

To avoid a house-building hold-up

wenther during bod

coriditions number of revolutionary ideas are being examined by Lancashire bulld- ing experts. One proposal is to crect'

and portable screens

covers building sites to protect brick laying from frost. Other suggestions for speeding up building include the in- troduction of new machine hand tools such as the pertuble brick holst, driven by a 3-horse power engine the

mechanical wheelbarrow and drili. the all-purpose electric hand

have These

been posted suggestions up at nearly 1,000 building jobs in the North West aione.

District heating on new housing is already being installed at Flixton. When finished the scheme catates is

will give centrol herting and con-

There was a young private, court- German text for publication. marilalled in Italy for being absent, But the German Interpreters were without leave from his unit which reading from that, text as the Judges was resting out of the line-for 48 spoke.

The result, of course, is that these

And it is urgently necessary that be en-newspapers are no more trusted by should Every German

the

bc Nuremberg trial should years imprisonment. Ho la sill in-couraged in rond that summing-up, [the public than were those of Dr

wjih 11% appendix oi relevant Goebbels

allowed to do its work of spreading documents.

Elections

the truth about the past among the another example. The only people he has talked to Yet the Information Service was They hold elections fit the British German people.

Otherwise there ka danger that whose moral outlook on life'is anil-projoring to publish only 100,000 zone with truly democratic fairness the only Germans on whom this trial

copies for 22,000,000 Germans in the and secrecy.

one-and

will have had full impact are these British were to he attached.

aide.

since his conviction in 1943 are men

social, it nothing worse,

To he to be blamed if he leaves Wakefield at the end of his sentence with

a alant which may well land

life of criminal activity? him in o

There was

a young Intelligence captain who gave information to member of tho Communist Party

TI

documents

three German writers was to be

E being somewhat in 5yin-appointed

with

are

But we do not propose to give the who were present in court through hot water for 1.360 awellings

swell as lo

lo schools

and other public I found that, far from being rendy men elected any real control,

out the Nazis in the dock and their

buildings. The system

la to be We propose to form a to publish a history of the trial,

German lawyers.

introduced on the Manchester Cor- Economic Administration they had not even decided which of Central

It was clear to those of us who for the British and U.S. zones and, were present that thers like Doenitz portion estate at Nythenshawe, and

for entrusted with this task.

His hoped ultimately, the and Speer were shaken by something arrangements have been made for representatives of other local au- should have been Russian zone as well. The writer

more than the danger to their lives

In before the frint. He But this German

them thorities to inspect the houses. administration and the indictment against

be Marx on philosophy.

the majority of the houses to not be responsible to any selves.

пезу heating There was no evidence to lead the hould have attended the tribunal's will

sittings. And most of the history German parliamentary control. It

It would be more than a tragedy equipped with the proscention to assume that this in- would now be ready.

will be responsible only to the Allied if the jack of enterprise of our

system, there will be only one or- formation was passed to any quarter

Control Council.

Information Services were to allow dinary fire place, in the living room. which could have endangered the

It many ways the most important the great conscience-shaking force

Bir Property... Deal..... State.

immediate contribution to the reof the Nuremberg materidi to be Nazilleation of

Germany, is being wasted and that deflant piece of made by the "de-Nazineation" laws, Naal last-word histrionles to be

I agree that the German adminis-

come the first lie must be

Nazi Germany. tration

purged of

English_only

Indeed, it was established that it is imperative that a full verbatim

IT the Information was passed on åt all

record-in Germon-of this it was passed to an ally. Yet his trial, and German official documents sentence was seven years. Now he revealed, should be printed and

is in Dumfries Prison:

While i was in Wakefield with him his father, who was a Presbyterian Shortly afterwards,

died.

ministain broke off his engage-i

this

ment, writing to his fiancee to tell her that he was not sufficiently sel- fish to hot her to her premise for seven verra.

In all his trials, he behaved with courage, dignity and fortitude. Yet his only crime was that he allowed his political principles to outwelshi his duty as a soldier.

And, in the light of the Nurem- berg trini, one may well oak oneself whether a soldier who puts his prin- ciples before his millilary duty can be called a criminal at nil,

These are only two of countless cases which are crying aloud for re- view.

Military Argument

The argument

that the military

prisoners put forward this. "WC are not criminals. Our misdemean- ours were committed In abnormal

circumst nees. We may be psycho- logicat cazes,

we may be political

mteer We may be nerve-racked

but we

we may even bo cawords,

crtninu) not and never have been.

My reading of the siluation is that these men fre prepared to take punishment inflicted on them in und because of a slate of emergency while that state of emergency. 18 1 in existence. But once the war is over and a normal alate of affairs restored their contention is that they should be released.

And I the

the soldiers in Dartmoor, who at least

serve their

their sentences. with milry colleagues, see fit to mutiny.

how much more Justifiable Is it for those of whom I was one- who do their time with criminais ask for an Inquiry and an amnesty.

For

not only have they been punished, but they have also been forcibly detained in an atmosphere of moral and physical depravity for many years.

And it needs a strong-minded man to meet the Insidious 'approach of criminal Idens, and soldiers who fall- ed to be good soliders, though incr ally sound, are necessarily seldern strong- nie.. me.

Chungk'ng. Nov. 1. The United Kingdom Trade Miaston left by air to-day for Hunkow to continue Va inpection of Chinese Industrial needs and potentialities.

Central News.

CHUJI

MACHIDA DIES !

SHIP

LOSES RUDDER

Tokyo, Nov. 13,

of ferred to the

Yokohama. Nov. 13.

reefer

The Eechel original destination was. Honolulu.--United Press.

of n new

Nazl

"BLACK COAT" TRIAL

A big properly deal has just been completed in Manchester. A large block of buildings fronting Market Street, and bounded by New Brown Street, Swan Lane and Pool Street is involved and the price is said to be in the region of £100,000. The pur- chasers are the Management Com- mitice of the Pension Fund of an Industrial

ustrial concern who have bought the property as an investment. An- other block on the opposite side of

rate

Bucharest, Nov. 13. The death was announced to-day i It was revealed to-day that the The indictment real to 00 members of Chuji Muchida, former president Eatwin C. Bechets, a 5,010-ton con-of the so-called Black Cout Organi-Market Street, near Spring Gardens of the Minseite Political Party anderete freighter, lest Ke rudder 120sation occured of plotting against the and including the Rah bow Hotel, is a Cabinet minister several times, at 'miles east of Japan and is being present regime in the trial for re- to be put up for auction in Novem- the age of 83.

towed back with the U.S. destroyer hellton and armed insurrection

Manchester Corporation and Emperor Hirollto, resorting to Swensson standing by.

apeals of possible war between other Lancashire municipalities are in- `traditional custom, sent grape wine All the 44 hands were safely trans-Russia and the Western Pers watching these sales with keen

learned to Machida when he

which change Tradewind" whleh. It contends, some of the de- terest.

Properties Machida's critical condition. In which was on raute irum Yokohama fendants had expected to occur last hands at greatly enhanced prices are

their 1942 the Emperor granted Machida, lo San Francisco.

June.

almost certain to have the biggest notour of U PR A POITI

assessments increased. within the Palace.--United Press,

The squabble between the BBC and the Halle Society over broadcast fees asked The Halle have continues. for a fee of £200 for each of ten concerts to be broadest, and on the to other hand the BBC are prepared

£150 a jiy

and to broad- concert cast between 12 and 13 concerts. The negotiations have been on since July, and so far as if listeners are going to be de prived of hearing this winier's sea- on under the conductorship of John Barbirolli.

SIDE GLANCES

COPR, THE HY KEA SERVICE, INO, T, AU REI, V. A. PAT, OFF.

By Galbraith

"Your father is pretending that be's dieting for his health bo'd never admit it's his figure that's bothering him!”

One of the defendants, General Aurel Ahlea, former Minister of Home Affairs, is speelfleally charged with delivering translations of publie a foreign documents to agents of Tower, allegedly the United States.

United Press.

NARCOTICS

ジ

CHECK UP

Tokyo, Nev. 13.

It

going

look

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"SALOME, WHERE SHE DANCED":

PURGE IN JAPAN

Chinese Delegate Urgès Re-Examination of Cases

NOTICE

BUILDING FOR SALE,

The undersigned is prepared to receive on behalf of the Owners Tenders for the purchase of No. The US. Heal and Welfare

Tokyo, Nov. 13.10 Ice House Street, Sec. 'A of authorities lo-day launched a nation Work is shortly to be rosumed on

The Chinese delegate to the Allied electrification of the LNER

M. L. ZA. wide narcotic checkup almed at con- the trolling the distribution of drugs, to between Manchester and Shefeld Council for Japan, M Yorkson Shen, Mr R F. L. Gosling of Liverpool told the Council to-day that re

Permits to spect the building stabilise prices and, stamp out drug

may be sødvisable to addicts.

has been chosen Chairman of the thought it newly formed Merseyside Council of establish an organ to re-examine the may be obtained from the under

records of those Japanese already signed during office.lours. Model Aero Clubs.

police

been purged from the government so that Soulsport

have

Tenders should be addressed to they can resume pubile service which the undoraigned at their offices. allocated wavelengths for patrol cars.

qualified. Another Liverpool child, Maureen

Ho told the Councils that if there in scaled cover endorsed- Street,

wan any doubt about the qualification Tender for Furchase of No. 10 Parsons, aged 2, of Grelg Toxteth, lost her life when a bomb

and of members of the Diet-an suggested damaged building collapsed buried Iser.

and

SCAP also ordered that the trans- fer of drug, stocks presently owned by doctors; hospitals, dentists, veterinary surgeons to wholesale houses must be completed by De- cember 15. Thereafter small con- trolled amounts will be released to hospitals stabilised prices,

at

United Presa,

RANKING

RAPE TRIAL'

Nanking, Nov. 13.

• Two thousand seven hundred and forty enses of Japanese atrocities during the Rape of Nanking are be- Ing investigated in an effort to prosecute those responsible.

When the

by Saviet delegate Lt-Gen Kuzina Ico House Street" and should, be Derevyahko their records should be delivered not Inter than twelve. new driving tests for examined in the light of Gen noon on the 23rd November next. motorists begin it is expected more MacArthur's January

$ purge thon 25,000 will be on the waiting directive, Hists, in Lancashire, .

The highest or any Tender will

MocMahon British delegato W. Lord Derby's grand-daughter, Miss Ball supported "fully" Mr. Shou's not necessarily be accepted. Priscilla Bullook, Ins become On- idea to review the records of some gaged to Cupt Peter Robin Hastings, of those already purged United grandson of the thhteenth Earl of Huntingdon.

¡

Frankfurt, Nov. 13.

Tho American Military Police headquarters in Berlin to-day warn-

Press.

JAPANESE SENTENCED

Dated the 25th October, 1946. JOHNSON, STOKES & MASTER Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Bldg.j 4th Floor, Hong Kong.

The cases included murder, rape and Jooting Results of the Inves- tigation will be the basis of China's

Yokohama, Nov. 13.

Slan, Nov. 1a. prosecution of top Japanese, in- cluding General Iwane Matsul, ed all householders in the American

The military tribunat to-day, sen- More than 10,000.. local res denta rector of the city that giving asylum whose custody the Chinese Govern- to American soldiers who are ab-

tenced Sanojo Fuji to five years in held a glant rally to-dny pledging- ment is seeking. Gen Matsul, C-in- sentees is a criminal offence, which prisen for heating o. POW, Pvt James full support of the National Assembly C of the Central China expeditionary will be punished by a inilitary court. W. Hallbert.

and which, is to be convenved on Friday force during the tape of Nanking, The warning added that it was for-

Fun was the 110th mon to face the in Nanking, Representatives.from all is at present in Sugamo prison.bidden to give ment to auch Ameri-Eighth Army atrocity commisalon walks of life were represented

can soldiers-Reuter,

'United Press.

the rally-Central News.

United Press.

at