1941-09-05 — Page 20

Friday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

September 5, 1941:

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HONGKONG SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN

THE SOCIETY ASKS FOR

$37.000

In 1941 to meet the increasing neods of sick and desiltule children in Hongkong, against which the Incume to data la 23,000 only.

In order to continue its work, the Society ep. posts for the balance of

$9,000

before the close of the financial year on Dist October.

The number of children assistéd last your was 1,100,0

Hon. Treasurers Zon

Str. A. MeHollar, CA.

0/0 Meckinnon Mackenzie & Co.

P.. & D. Building.

Dr. Kwok Chan,

+

DIO The Banque de L'indo-Chiña,

HONG KONG.

S7th: August 1941,

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CHINA'S

FUTURE

By Hugh Deane

War has brought numerous complications to the Chinese scene--stresses and strains which are vital to an understanding of the political situation in the country. At Chung- king and in the interior, Mr Deane, who wrote for the "Christian Science Monitor," has had ample opportunity to watch these developments.

capital a year: now each mow requires about $150. Unless counteractive measures aro

adopted, experts have warned,

the credit shortage will ultim- atoly entail a decline in agricul tural production.

About 50 per cent of Chinese peasants are tenants, 25 per cent part-tenants and 25 per cent independent owners. Most (and the best) land is owned by a small group of landlords, who aro powerfully represented in the Kuomintang.

An in-

The growing divergence between the status of the peasantry in the guerilla areas of North China, where the Communists are power- ful, and the status of the peasantry in Kuomintang- Central and South China, is regarded by many observers as

one of the major conditioning fac- tors of Chinese politics. China admit that the "Red Central and South China have Before the war high rent, Many see in it an underlying bandits" are more firmly en- come as a result of the inflation. exorbitant taxes and usurlous.

The cheapening of the currency interest rates, coupled with cause of the recent clashes trenched than ever, between the Koumintang The basis of the guerilla has enabled debt-ridden peasants floods, drought and the disas movement in North China has to pay up. The general effect trous effects of the world de and the Communists, and been a number of political and of the inflation, however, has pression, generated a marked consider it one of the most economic reforms calculated to not been to cause a basis for re- trend to concentration of land attach the loyalties of the pen form but to fortify the status important problems which sants. Guerilla governments quo. In the first place, the vast ownership and tenancy.

been established the majority of peasants produce creasing amount of land went Phone 27778-0a victorious China would have

largest of them, the Shuns only enough for subsistence and out of cultivation, and China, have to face.

Hopel-Charhar Border Gover-rent-in a semi-feudal, economy reputedly a great agricultural These observers point out ment, controls the rural areas of the rent automatically approx- country, had to import rice. 90 hsien (counties) with a popu imates what the peasant pro- Thousands of peasants were that in the long run the Intion of 10,000,000 in which duces above what his family re- forced off the land-a source of

rights. The money, therefore, is of rela- banditry and Communism. the most powerful deter- village chiefs and local and hsien tively little importance. Second-

Conflict Forescen minant of Chinese politics. counells are elected by the pens ly, while fewer peasants are re- ints, which some observers hold duced to tenancy, fow are able

Excellent crops just before Throughout Chinese history, to be an important experiment to improve their position by pur- when economic conditions in democracy. The widespread chasing land, for land values are and just after the war sonic-

organisation of peasant unions, equal to or above the general what alleviated the situation

though rice imports continued. became intolerable, a rising furthermore, has given the pea price level.

The extremely poor rice crop of rebellions santry a new source of political In another respect inflation last year-in 1940 rice imports

power. In the Shansi-Hopei- has affected the

peasantry doubled-which caused the price "heavenly Charhar Border Region alone adversely-It has decreased the of rice to quintuple itself in 1,000,000 peasants are reported supply of cheap credit. In re- three months, has led some ob- ruling to have been unionised. cent years the Central Govern servers to believe that the long

ment has established thousands' Moderate Programme

War has further dislocated of rural credit societies to supply, China's creaking Bemi-feudal A moderate agrarian pro- peasants with loans at an annual agrarian economy, and that un- I would ultimately succeed in gramme based on that of Sun interest of about 10 percent less realistic reforms are carried BEETHOVEN did not know establishing a new dynasty, Yat-sen has been carried out. A low compared with rates obtain out portentous political conflicts able from money-lenders which will develop from the increasing- the Morse code. But he wrote in and the process of recon- cardinal point in Sun's pro- average 25 or 30 percent. ly restless villages, it. By the sheerest and yet most

stitution and change would gramme, has been widely en- But it was found that even at appropriate

forced. Land belonging to land- best the credit available was in- rough, seem to show that the Latest statistics, admittedly coincidence possible, he employed

again commence to unfold. lords who fled to Japanese- sufficient to go around and much trend towards concentration of occupied areas has been divided of the money went to well-to-do land ownership and tenancy has rhythmic, pattern in the first Streamlined Version up among the poor peasants, peasants or landlords who re- continued since the war, despite movement of his Fifth Syni-

The authorities have encouraged lent it at usurious rates--a sam- the retarding effect of inflation. phony what would recognize as the Morse symbol for the letter V.

The

Hongkong Telegraph. peasantry has always been certain democrave been accorted of money start and the value cheap inbour in the cities, of

Friday, Sept. 5, 1941. Wyndham St., Hongkong

Telephone: 26015

THE ptellx "Epecial to the Telegraph" under nows which is strictly copyright tide of peasant

is used by, the "Hongkong Telegraph to

the provisions of the Telecommuni- calions Ordinance, 1936, Buch news AJ

bears the Indication tips, is received in revealed that the the United Press Associations, who re- mandate" of the serve all rights and forbid republications, elther wholly or to part without previous arrangement.

Hongkong on the date of publication by

MOTIF OF VICTORY

a

dynasty had been exhausted.. The leaders of the revolt

25 percent reduction in rent, a

A streamlined version of the establishment of agricul- ple survey in Shensi revealed any telegrapher

PRIVATE LIFE

-

an old-style peasant re-tural and industrial co-opera- that only 2 per cent of cheap The future seems to promise tives, which have developed for credit went to tenants, who need a conflict, peaceful or violent, bellion is now going on in more in guerilla areas than clse- it most. Faced with inflation between the war-born peasant There are two coincidences north China, slightly dis- where.

and more urgent financial, de- rebels of North China and the here, one of them obvious and of

While North China's semi- mands, the Government last fa agrarian conservatism of the no importance. The letter V is guised as guerilla warfare.

feudal society cannot be said to decreed that funds allocated for Kuomintang. This conflict is the Roman equivalent of the Rebellion was implicit in the have been altered fundamental- rural credit would be reduced. apt to be the first issue con- figure 5, but what matters more situation caused by the war. ly, the peasantry has acquired And because of the inflation fronting a victorious China-if more credit is needed than for- it can be so long sublimated. is that V has become in France The Japanese invasion re- increased political power.

merly. Before the war each At the root of Kuomintang- and other occupied countries a

The main significant changes mow of land (a mow la one-sixth Communist clashes are two at- symbol of ultimate victory over leased a revolt which had

in the status of the peasants in of an acre) required about $15 titudes towards the peasantry... the Nazi terror. It is written long been smouldering. The on walls and elsewhere to catch very fact that the North the eye of Nazi overseers. It is China peasant took up arms ubiquitous. So many V's have appeared as

to defend his village chang- to suggest some sort of underground organisaed his status and made him an unconscious bearer of Now, like дп increasingly the torch of agrarian revolu- unruly child, V is not only going tion. For when the peasant lims of Nazi ambition are now guerillas began to fight they learning to spell it out in dots began to demand reforms to and dashes: dot-dot-dot-dash. fight for. At the very be They can even sing or whistle ginning the leadership of world's most familiar symphony. the peasants was

tion.

.

to be seen but heard. For vic-

it, to the first four notes of the

OF A PRIVATE WHAT'S

A further instal- ment from the diary of a journal- ist who is now a soldier.

E stand about the shriek

WE Detail Board outside Lotto!

IN A

'Lotto!

GAME?

of laughter.

"Why, I've sat and listened to Lotto, corblimey-Lot- a Lotto game for hours in peace

time. There's an Army name

the Company Office.. The Detail to!" acquired Board holds the daily news of And he dances away, lifting Kelly's Eye to Blind Nine."

If Frenchmen do this as often by the Communists and such the Company. It tells the-sol- imaginary skirts and kicking as sentiment prompts they will groups as the Shansi Sacri- dier what he has to do.... his ammunition boots in an un- reproduce most of the sym-fice League and the Na-

paony's first movement, which

is based on a constant reitera- tional Salvationists.

tion of dot-dot-dot-dash motifs, one set overlaying another in crescendos sometimes expressive

Agrarian Movement Chinese Communism is quite of an increasing fury, as of essentially an agrarian move- suppressed peoples.

ront. The Communists have

for the Lotto numbers, from

"What's Kelly's Eye?" It is the Handwriting On The couth can-can.

"Number one. Blind Nine is Wall It is the Word. If you'ro

In the hut, Sergeant Dagwood ninety. Then there's Guard- Detailed to do a thing, you go of Birkenhead is lying down, room Door, which is Four. and do it, right or wrong. If This is an Industrious, good, Legs Eleven. Unlucky thir- the floor," you scrub. the Detall says "Go and scrub solid Sergeant, who can shoot teen, of course. And Clickety- the black out of the bull at Click: sixty-six. It's better If your name is omitted from countless hundreds of yards and than going to the pictures, and ja Detailed list, you rejoice, and take a forty-mile route-march it's a nice harmless game. The Nazis may find them-brought the North China

go and get a tea and a wad at like a walk round the block.. HE WON POUNDS selves in a veritable vortex of peasantry new and improved the Naffy, for, once off the De- As the Lad skips in, Dagwood "Personally," sounds dearly familiar to Ger- techniques of strugglo-tech-tail you cease to exist.

the Sergeant raises a head remarkably like goes on, "I have not come across man ears but i attuned toniques which the Reds acquired Today, among other things that of George Bancroft and gambling in this Battalion, never have been a Nazi. The during 10 years of civil war in the frame, hangs a strange says, "Something bit you? Or

"Gambling is bad among have you gone crackers?" story of his disillusion with By a shrewd guerilla warfare typewritten notice:

soldiers. It creates ill-feeling. Napoleon is twice told: how the the Japanese control of North

It has been brought to mu The Lad tells him the joke. "Soldiers are like a lot of notice that gambling is taking Lotto. Great hairy man play- brothers. composer had dedicated his China has been confined to the

all good pals. place. I have adopted a pro- ing. Lotto. Why not Ludo? What's the point in winning "Eroica" Symphony to the mili- big cities and towns and lines of

cedure to stop this, and any

not tary genius of the French communication. The hinterland

Handle-Pandio7 N.C.O. or man caught will be Why

your pal's money, or having him Revolution only to destroy the has remained in the hands of

severely dealt with. Here- "Fancy a nice game o' Ring o' win yours? icdication page when Napoleon the guerillas.

with extract from Regimental Roses?" cries the Lad, gasping

"No." The C.O. is quite right for breath. "Or Blind Man's to put his foot down on gam began to not like a Hitler.

Standing Orders:

Buff ?' Beethoven would have been no

bling. Carde! „Dice! Pahl Un- healthy. Now, a good game of Lotto is nice recreation, and

Nazi theories. Beethoven would

The

effect of

Communist

Para. 109. Gambling-The playing of carda, dice, etc., WHY NOT?

more impressed with Nazi ven- leadership has been to converti tures. One feels he would be typical sporadic pensant upris- glad to know that the motif of } .ngs into a widespread, integrat "fate knocking at the door,"ed guerilla war capable of being with which his Symphony V waged for years. Despite the apans, has been turned into a gloomy predictions of many

"And what's up with Lotto? "Well, let me tell you some- notif of the inevitable knocking military experts, the guorillas

It's a game like any other game, thing," says Dagwood. "Many's ›miniously on doors and windows have already been in the fald WHY LOTTO?

'Specially when the bloke calling the quld I've won playing, Lotto At this, the Lad from the Elo- out the numbers knows the back in peacetime." Now vherover Nazi oppressors pass for three and a half years, and

then. by tion Science Monitor, Japancas reports from North phant and Castle goes into a army names for 'em.

for money or money's wortli "What's the matter with hurte nobody.".

is forbidden in any part of Blind Man's Buff? It teaches the camp. Card playing is

allowed only in the Reerca you to have a sense of direc "I used to play it when I was tion Room. The game of tion," says Sergeant Dagwood. a nipper," says the Lad. Lotto is allowed in camp..

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