1941-09-02 — Page 12

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Tuesday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

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September 2, 1941.

ARABS' VITAL PART

IN THE

THE

HE Arab-speaking world,

both in extent. and do-

*

WAR

cognised as an independent elly of the British Empire.

The Importance of Iraq to the Empire is two-fold; it is an essential land and air bridge in our system of Imperial communications eastward, but he had the consolation of and it provides an admirable oil sup- living to see Faisal, his second ply.

FACTS ABOUT OIL A now factor is entering the son, after being expelled by the minions, though not in popula- tion, comes perhaps third, If not war-the Arab world. As ovents, French from Damascus, become great pipe-line, in shape like an irregular "y" laid on its slác, second, to the English-speaking develop in Iraq, Syria, and elsa- King of Iraq, and Abdullah, his sturis from the oll uplands near world, its possible rival in this whore, the attitude of the Arabs third son, Amir of Transjor- Kirkuk.

Near Haditha, on the Euphrates, respect being that of Spain. to the British cause becomes in- dan.

The magnificent, but distract- creasingly important. This article ingly difficult, Arable language

is spoken, written, and rend along the whole of North Africa, southward into the Su- dan well beyond Khartum, throughout the vast peninsula of Arabia, the cradle of the Arab race, throughout Pales- tine, Syria, and in Iraq,

It is thus the current vehicle of thought from the Atlantic Ocean to the Persian Gulf, and will often serve the traveller be- yond the frontiers of Iran and up to the very confines of In- dia.

But since this unity was achieved by the victorious mis- slonaries of the Prophet Mo- hammed, with the sword in their right hand and the Koran in their left, over a variety of races which have to h certain extent maintained the original characteristics of their blood, it unity of language and re-

Hongkong Telegraph.ligion rather than of nation.

Tuesday, Sept. 2, 1941,

Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 26015

THE prefix "Sprelat to the Telegraph is used by the "Hongkong Telegraph to

And even this unity of langu age is not to be compared with the English-speaking union; for whereas written Arabic is in- variable, and can therefore be understood anywhere (by such

By Sir RONALD STORRS

as can read), spoken Arabic dif- analyses the Arab world-its fers so greatly, both in pronun- structure, its personalitics, its ciation and vocabulary, that a sims, and its history since Law Morroccan and an Egyptian can rence welded its warriors into a Hongkong on the date of publication br hardly maintain simple conver- powerful ally for Britain.

sation.

Indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommum- Fallen Ordinance, 1934. Such news as hear the Indication "UP is received in

the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid repubileations, either wlintly or in part without previous arrangement.

WISE COUNSEL NEEDED ONE thing about to-morrow's public meeting of husbands which stands out crystal clear is that those attending have got to make up their minds what policy and what methods to attain that policy they wish the representa- Lion committee to pursue. Until this is done there is 1

Jistinct danger of the husbands cause being represented by a minority section of opinion which will clash with the desires of the majority.

Again, the religious unity is

GRAZIANI ATROCITIES TRAVELLING to-day

on 2

His conqueror, King Ibn Sa- the stem branches into the northern ud, a potentate in every sense "T" line, going to French-mandated of the word and a loyal friend Tripoll, in Syria (called by the Arabs Carabulus, al-Sham-Eastern Tripoll of Britain, is by far the greatest to

from Carabulus or Western Tripoll); and personality in the purely Arab al-Ganguish it fro

the southern, or "I" line, to the

world.

He proceeded to unite the English-mandated Halfa in Palestine. Lay this Yon a map of the British Hejna with Nejd under the title stes on the same scale, and it will of Saudi-Arabia.

start from John o Gronts

fork at Though he did not at first Berwick-on-Tweed, with the find it easy to impose on the running through Lancashire, Che- pleasure-loving Hejazis the shire, the Welsh border and the Bristol Channel, to Land's End, and rastic renunciations of Wah- the other through the Lake Country Across the Irish Channel to habisn whereby not only alco- and hol and tobacco but even coffee Cork harbour.

The system les across baro de- are prohibited, he has intro- duced order and method (cau- sert, with pumping stations at inter-

of about 70 miles. pled with a most undictatorial The Tripoll branch is not at pre- so that even if the democratic freedom of speech) sent working.

were able to deny oil to Britain by actually-ex- pelling our force from Iraq they would not thereby be making a pre-

to a degree hitherto unknown Axis-bought rebels in that vast wilderness.

by

MISTAKES

TWO ALLIES

PALESTINE is administered sent of it to Germany, for the pipe-

Great Britain under line could be cut. League mandate,

Grave mistakes have been TRAQ, like Eppt, under a limited monarchy. It was unfortunate committed there by the Govern in the premature demise of its first ment as well as by the governed, King, the proud und statesmanlike but the mutual hostilities of Jew Fall the First; and even more so and Arab have been greatly in the person of his successor (killed diminished by common horror in a notur accident). The present

King

Faisal the Second, is an infant of Axis methods and both are now fighting side by side in the under a Regency.

The 3,000,000 Iraqis are 34 per rent. more

more Shla than Sunni, Team-work bas never been the Transjordan, under the man- ranks of freedom.

Arab sult, and under a form of

date, but outside the operation strongest

of Zionism, is ruled by the loyal constitutiona! Western Amir Abdullah, the aforesaid vernment the guts are apt to de- velop the worst symptoms of Have- con of the late King Husain of not New Order-lies elsewhere.

When Italy attacked Iraq's British the Heinz and uncle of the

ally Bagirded falled to expel the and his intrigues found fertile soil in Army malcon- notably the Big Four of dis- who Installed the

the two firm allies

Shaikh of Seas"--because · It (Two Gulf and

the

known uneasy days under the mandate of France,

coleneis, Gallant.

We have

PERSONALITIES

A the Hejaz Palestine, Syria, and Iraq-owe their freedom from Ot- STORY OF "MESPOT"

tornan domination to Great Britain; AST, but foremost in the

news, three of them-Egypt, the Hejaz, and

from comes the Iraq, Arabic term for Iraq-have

Great received what the fine old lady called "the Britain an absolute independence blessed name of Mesopotamia," which

sharply divided, the majority ous fertile mountain territory young Amir Abd al-Ilah, Regent Fascist Minister, belonging to the Sunni persus of Yemen, so called because it of Iraq.

Syrin, their northern nays sion of Islam-corresponding is on the right hand-Yamin roughly to Protestantism in of the believer as he prays, to- bour, has Christianity thie Morroccans wards Mecca.

The Yemen is ruled by the which can count with certainty Gulf. The Independent and the Iraq tribesmen (but not their townsfolk) being Shia Imam Yahya, a dictator whose upon the fidelity of the Christi- Bahrain which more resembles Roman sympathies-if he may be said an Maronite sect in the Leban- fares to the Persian Gul Catholicism, and the Arabs of to cherish any are decidedly on, but hardly upon the Mus- Indian Ocean), permanent G.H.Q. lims, the Druses and other com- of the Gulf pearl fisheries, with a Kuwait Little Northern Arabia professing the pro-Italian.

Shalkh of munities of whom the majority trade of half a million a year; and

Use SONS ARE RULERS

Fort" the diminutive of Kut). or austere Puritanism of the Wah-

Turkey, habi sect.

NORTH Arabia is divided into is composed.

Syrians, particularly in the the surrounding countries. the Hejaz on the West, and

and Afghanistan, linked to are of mixed Iran. und These three divisions have

coastal regions,

of Iraq by the 1937 Peace Pact about as much use for each the Nejd on the East.

Saadabad, are disconcerted by this other as had the more extreme From the Hejaz, with its and far from pure Arab stack..

They are a commercial, intel- weakening of their united front to sectaries of the different Chris- sacred cities, Mecca and Medinu tian Churches at the time of the (respectively the birthplace and ligent people whose lack of ba- the common aggressors. Reformation.

the burial place of the prophet lance has not been remedied by Muhammad) sprang the great their heavy doses of European ALL these Arab countries-Egypt,

education, religion of Islam.

The Hejaz and, indeed, all brief personally conducted tour through these regions, we Arabin save Aden, formed at This thought is suggested by find the whole of the west in the beginning of the last war

ciam the fact that the non-confidence one gigantic bloc under French part of the Ottoman Empire.

The Hejaz was then ruled by is the Greek for the "mid-river land" upon which neither Nazism nor Fas-

is likely to improve. domination. Morrocco, a pro- the Grand Sherif-afterwards lying between the Tigris and the There are those who believe that vote passed at last week's meet.

_tectorate_with_a_nominal sultan

things need not have reached this King-Husain as hereditary Ot- Euphrates. ng was hardly a representative under

Ita capital is Baghdad, situated on pass had there been-fewer-and-less. governor-general;

the Tigris some 30 miles from the rapid changes of British representa- When Turkey attacked

ruins of the Tower of Babel, and not tives one in that only 214 votes were Algiers, an integral part of toman Governor.

In Baghdad. ast out of an estimated attend-

clent city of Babylon by the Euph-tes East is Induenced by persona- and the sympathy that comes ince of close on 600. This

with close knowledge. The Arab "Revolt in the De- rates.

Powers Ambassadors to Eastern The confluence of those two famous would

that

the Indicate

occasion of sert" was Some Bey.

not like the standardised inter- oft motor-cors, parts Shatt-al-Arab, as hundreds of men wore neither

divided into Tripolitania and

On this les Basra, the port of equally serviceable in Madrid, Co- atisfied that a new committee Gyrenaica, was wrested from culminating in Allenby's" deci-

of receiving ocean- penhagen, or Rio de Janeiro. Traq, capable

The recently published luminat- was desirable nor that the old Turkey by Italy in 1910, Libya After the war the politicul going vessels, and consequently u

is vast in area, of what Lord Lommittee were fulfilling their

call "light acumen of King Husain deteri- factor of interest and concern to ing lite of Sir Percy Cox-still re- Turkey, much of whose eastward membered throughout Iraq and up Salisbury used to

orated. He quarrelled not only trade passes that way by water and and down the Gulf as "Cukkus .unctions us

First expected.

soll," save for a few oases and

Instance of this truth deserving the coastal belt, from which the with his British ally, but also by rall.

Iraq is formed of three Ottoman careful study.

Baghdad, und. Another example is Lord Cromer's inhabitants have been steadily with his castern neighbour and

rival, Abd al-Aziz Ibn Sa-ud, provinces-Mosu),

proconsulskip-to displaced and dispossessed by ruler of Nejd, who drove him Basen-conquered by Britain, not long unchanged

without painful vicissitudes, between which Britain owes her vital rela- under tiona 1910 and 1918; administered

with Egypt, and Egypt her Husain took refuge in Cyprus, British mandate, and in 1927 re- In the sun.

THE NAZI ON HOLIDAY

onc and how their representa-

the

France, of which it forms two Husain formed a military pact much farther from those of the an- departments, and Tunisia, with the Allies.

again # protectorate under a

The

The Italian colony of Libya, Lawrence's legendary exploits, rivers into the Persian Gulf is known ongeable

the Italians.

PREMIER NATION EGYPT, since the treaty of

1936 the loyal ally of Great Britain, is a constitutional limited monarchy.

sive victory.

F4

thing needed, therefore, is

ear-cut expression of opinion s to what the men desire to be tives should go about the task. The horrible cruelties-seal. out of the Hejaz.

Undoubtedly the new coming of wells, flinging of Arab mittee are sincere in their chiefs and even of their wives efforts to improve upon the

from acroplanes, and generally results of their predecessors, ruthless extermination - have but there is a natural hesitancy caused the name of Dis Grazi- to believe that Bull-in-the-China-ani, to stink through the Arab shop tactics will achieve this. world; and it is a significant Revolutionary spirits, especially tribute to the "civilising mis- when they are honestly seeking sion" of the modern Roman em- redress for community ills, gen-pire that Libya is the only Arab erally merit sympathy, but selec-country, under European govern. tion of the right time and the ment whose population has seri right methods are necessary if ously decreased, they are to succeed in their quest. Violent and ill-considered action over this issue is almost certain to meet with fallure be- cause conditions, notably of a political character, which govern

She is more than the leading the Colony to-day are abnormal; Arabic-speaking country-she Government assumes more is almost the lending Moham- sweeping powers in consequence. and all issues affected by the political circumstances are treat- ed with greater circumspection than under ordinary conditions. Acceptance of this may not be palatable, but it is essential if the husbands' representatives are to succeed in making any impression on the official mind. The husbands' caso can be ad- vanced vigorously, but. at the same time need not adopt a line f attack likely to alienate of ficialdom, both in Hongkong and at Home. In the Interests of the husbands and their wives and famities, it is to be hoped that wise counsel will prevail. In set- ting the policy upon which the representation committos is to embark:

medan nation. ・・

If, as we hope, there is to be an Arab Renaissance, only Egypt can lead it.

The benefit of Britain to the Egyptian alliance is not only material, but moral.

Egypt possesses incompara- bly the finest Press of all the Arab countries, and the in- fluence of her strong democratic sympathies penetrates sooner or later far beyond the Egypti. an and. Sudanese frontiers to avery corner of the Arab world.

The great Arabian Peninsula of a million square miles (it is not less than 1,100 miles from Aqaba to Aden) contains about 7,000,000 inhabitants.

"North of the British Protec torate of Adon. Hes the mysteri-

"I want to apply for a tourist's vital”

By Billiken

CONSULAR REGULATIO