1941-07-12 — Page 3

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GIANT SODAS 104

Saturday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

July 12, 1941. By Walt Disney

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CIGALT DISNEY

IS NAZISM A DISEASE?

Inside the Nazi Mind

BY DR EDWARD. GLOVER

This is the text of a recent talk given by the famous psychologist in the B.B.C.'s short wave overseas transmission. It is the first of a series of talks which will examine, from various points of view, the phenomenon of Nazism as a psychological disease. Dr Glover is the author

.of "War. Sadism and Pacifism."

Some years before the war a famous European, psycholo- gist, a refugee from Nazism, remarked light-heartedly be- fore leaving for the United States, "When I get over there I'm going to promote

a Society for the widen- ing of the Atlantic." Evidently he felt that 3,000 miles of ocean was not enough to protect North

America

from the conditions he had just escaped. At the time, his reaction seemed absurd, but now that, distance has been reduced by new ways of war, there is something grim about the remurk.

As far as natural protection and isolation are concerned, the Atlantic is now of little more consequence than the English Channel was to us in. the time of Napoleon. But remember this is only the material aspect of the pro- blem. Science may overcome physical distance, but mental- distances are not so easy to reduce.

Blindness And Light-

We

12

say,

Let's face the facts squarely, Although the two great democracies share the same rooted objection to inevitable tyranny, there is timelog between their reactions Their feelings never quite keep step-or, shali

their emotional bolling points do not colrelde. For one thing, distance alone causes their estimates of danger to vary both in quantity and in

quality. Not that the American peoples were blind to the Nazi menace. On the contrary, being in many ways better inform ed by intelligent columnists than the English, Americans were quick- er to recognise the menace of Nazism that we were. No doubt our blindness was largely due to escapism. Being so rear to the danger, we refused to believe that the horrors of war were again at hand.

Once war broke out, the scale. felt from our eyes. Rluston gave place to realism. This is the real explanation of the apparently 'im- personal reaction of the British people under air attack. It is due neither 10 stoicism nor to stupidity, It

is the inarticulate expression of a determination that is none the less grim because it in the deter- mination of } good-humoured people.

Admittedly then, the peoples of Canada and the United States had at first a better perspective. They viewed the European

The

scene s astronomers might do through a long-distance telescope. But the danger they saw was a danger to not to North America. Europe, And so, as the Atlantic narrows. they are beginning to feel as British people felt in the first stages of the war, the same rise and fall in hopes, the enmo ten- dency to regard the Nazi machine with a certain amount of super- stillous awe. But above all, they are almost na slow na we were to recognise that the real donger to democracy lies not so much in the Nazi military machine a In the mind of the Nazi.

The Danger

It is the object of this series of talks to examine the mind of the Nazi. Only by so doing can we tako effective steps,

grapple with the danger. und, incidentally, divest It of the 'bogey' Affhambere that surrounds It. Prychology goes on the sound and democratic. principle that a ent may look at a icing. It has taught us that our

uur toe-

minds are as human as our jook at aking. It has taught us that our mids are ns human nails. Fuehrers and philosophers are much the same round the ten table.

Just a word as to the method of investigation. Since the Nazis must fall back on their speeches, their writings and above all, their actions. We shall try to uncover their philosophy and, having; done so, submit this to the inspection of a number of experts in mental selence.

of

Of course, mans

reputable authors have taken the view that the Nazis have no positive philo sophy, that they are driven by the purely negative forces of millism and destruction. That, behind all the Nazi talk

Brave New World, there exists at all. Others gas imply nothing gain regard Nazism simply as a kind of stage gangster- ism, motivated by lust of power- amongst the leaders, and guided by pure opportunism. In their view the Nazi philosophy Is Just the slogan of the tipsy holiday-maker, "We don't know where we're go- ing; but we're on the way."

However attractive these views may be. It is always dangerous to underestimate the strength of your -enemy-It- would be a grave blunder to start investigating the Nazi mind with the assumption that there is no such thing.

"Mein Kampf"

Now I hope you won't be bored if I open the investigation with a reference to the book whleh, signi- ficantly enough, is called the Nazl Bible"Mein Kampt." It's a book often quoted but seldom read. In a tedious and many ways, it's humourless book, the book of an adult of immature mind

trotting out all sorts of old and exploded ideas-full of the kind of baked science our grandfathe used to enjoy, and padded out with second-hand ideas. But is, still a mine of psychological in formation. For instance, it's not hard to guess that its author com- bimes the characteristics of a fussy old maid with the disgruntled dis- position of a man who has been a prey

inferiority,

envy and Jealousy a man who is so funda- mentally insecure that he cannot feel safe unless he achieves world- ownership.

to

You may

say of course, that therq's nothing very new about this that in any case such men exist in every village. That is true although small-town demagogues, squabbling over the village

pump, are comparatively harmless. But as you read on, certain very dis- quieting themes begin to crop up a concern with blood, with con- trmination And pollution, with per- secution, regeneration, blood socri- fice, and so forth. In fact, there are really a

that Hitler

of mental abnormality. Obviously we must call expert evidence on the point. But just one word of caution. It's no much good calling a dictator or his Reutenants mad or neurotic, Just because you hate their ways of behaviour. A more pertinent question is this: they are abnor- mal types, why have they sue- ceeded in attr

I in attracting the often fana- tical support of ordinary people. And foul play. Possibly

mark you, not just by foren

Im Ja

who blem

we

may find a clue in the curious re- ligiosity of Iftier and his devotees. When, for example, a writer in the Schwarze Korps says: "My Fuchrer in this day I am ap- proaching thy image. It is super- human and inexhaustible, il la colossal, adamant, beautiful and sublime," we can't help worder- ing how much the topsy-turvy Nazi morality borrows strength from genuine religious feelings existing in the common people.

Obviously, we must ask an anthro- pologist, one who is familing with primitive forms of religion, to help us on this point. After that we shall ask sociologist to tell us under what modern social condi- tions these older and deeper forces can be harnessed to the Nazi ma-

We ought also to

to get n pa

R

scientist to shoty

io show us how the technique of Nazism works. economist tu

to show how economic forces have contributed to the success of the Nazi movement and have been exploited by the Nazis since they came to power. In short, before we venture to judge the Nazi

azi mind. we must in fair- ness collect all available ex-

collect all the evidence 011 the subject.

Hert

But, first of all, we must lay down what are really, the funda- mental principles of Nazism-the ten commandments, so to speak, of this new doctrine if it be either new or a doctrine, Some of these have been conveniently bolled down for us by Fasels leaders. For example-Mussolini's slogun, "Believe-obey--fight."

Other generalisations we must make for ourselves. Here are some of them. "We-and we alone shall bear false witness when and where it pleases us." "Be all things to all men, until you have them in your power?" "Preach first, practice. the opposite after- wards." "Deny truth, reject evi- dence, suspend justice if it suits your book."

And here are some more per- sonal maxims, "The individual is the bond-slave of bath Race and State." "I am the State." "Thou sholt have no other Fuehrer, save me." "What

tell you three times is true."

י

Bee-hive Ideology

And all this bee-hive ideology is sprinkled with a peculiar serti- mentality-{ sort of mystical mumbb-Jumbo Intended to put the obstinate reader in the wrong. For Hitler has little new on the despots

of ancient days. He counts his opponents us beaten before he attacks them and so when they Bght he treats them as rebels and punishes them with dismember- ment all this in the svcrificial lones of the walrus addressing the oysters.

“I weep for you," the Walrus said,

"I deeply sympathise," With sob tears he sorted out Those of the largest size.

But the more one considera the ofcial theory and practice of Nazlam, the more urgent it' be- comes to concentrate on those formulations which strike to the roots of elvilised progress. That is why I have singled out, the Nazi exploitation of false

For false witness. 13 0 here

Panzer attack which threatens civilisation from n

nil angles. If the ocoles of truth are to be weighted, there can be no more selence in this world, no free press, no education for our

dren, no law or justice, no honour ing of bargains. Worst of all, there can be no more communion between ourselves and the wisdom of the past. All these birthrights of man, gained after centuries of labour and disappot ment, are to be sold for that modern variant of the 'mess of pottage-Nazi ple in the sky."

For Hitler, like a good showman --and no one can deny that he hus been groomed for stardom- lis apparently nothing to offer his own people but immediate loot and D nebulous promised land. It Sy no doubt for this reason that be takes such obvious

prido

in his own psychologleat powers. It 18, 1. of course, a smart-silck psychology -even the non who sells you a gold brick is n good psychologist in this sense. He knows your weaknesses. It is precisely for this reason that we have attempt- ed this series of talks on the Nazi mind.

Best Antidote

mind is to know our own weak- The best antidote to the Nazi

nesses. And so, during these talks, we want you to regard yourselves. ns n people's jury empanelled to pass verdict on the Nazt mind It is for you to judge. No doubt the Finnl Court

of uppeal in these matters

the : 1. Judgment of

of pos- terity. But it is important that we should, here and now anticipate that Anal judgment, that we should be as clear-sighted about the future of the Nazi menace as our great grandchildren certainly will be.

Only In this way can we hope to make the best of our victory when it comes.

[Other talks in the series will appear in the "Telegraph" in the near future.]

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'AUSTRALIA AT WAR"

WHAT IS AUSTRALIA'S ROLE IN THE WAR TO-DAY ?-

HOW IS HER FATE LINKED WITH THE

FUTURE POLICIES OF AMERICA ? : -SEE THE 'FAMED . ANZACS—THE HARD-FIGHTING SOLDIERS OF. AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND IN ACTION I

SEE FOR YOURSELF WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE FAR

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AT THE KING'S TO-MORROW

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