1941-06-25 — Page 4

WATSON'S ORANGE SQUASH

Made From Fresh Juicy Oranges.

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"HAZELINE

because she keeps herself Immacu- lately groomed. SNOW" is her choice of toilet preparation for day use; for ""'HAZELINE" SNOW" keeps the skin smooth and supple. Its delicate fragrance adds charm to a lovely complexion.

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The original non-greasy

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Glass jars

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LONDON AND SHANGHAI

xx 8439

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co.

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Wednesday, HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

une 25, 1941

"PRESTOLITE" THE UKRAINE

YOUR NEXT

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Hongkong Telegraph.

Wednesday, Juna 25, 1941.

Wyndham St., Hongkong

Telephone: 26815

THE prenx "Apecial to the Telegraph indicate news which is strict copyrtent

i used by the Hongkong Telegraph" to under the provisions of the Telecommun!- cattons Ordinance, 1908. Such news as

bears the indication "UP I received in

Itongkong en the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid republications,

Richest

POLAND

Berditcher

Land

RUSSIA

CKIEV Romnys

KR

on Earth

RUSSIA

Pillavi

GERMANY

Yelisav

Στ

ONIEPER DAM

Anonitv

KNIVOY ROG)

NIKOPÜL

ODESSA

I WANDERED for

days through the richest land on earth, the Socialist Republic of the Ukraine. Through its pretty that- ched roof villages and over its collective farms; in the crowded

MKherson

BOKHARKOVI

ERINOSLA

JALEXA!

Mariupal

SEA OF AZOV

The Ukraine is news.

Stat

Germany's attack on Russia has again made people say that Hitler covets the richest province in the U.S.S.R.

HARRISON BROWN, traveller and author, who has made many trips around the world and is familiar with the Ukraine, here presents this-factual article.

who guessed too well what It would mean for themselves, did nothing to help the pensant un- derstand..

The attempt on the part of the Government to force hun- dred per cent, communism down their throats proved a costly failure.

The faming years of 1992 and 1983 were less the result of climatic conditions than of re- fusal on the part of the Ukraini- an peasant to reap or sow. The harvest was got in largely by townspeople and forced labour.

Tha volte-face came with the so-called Stalin Statute, by which the peasant is allowed to possess an acre or two of land of his own and a few domestic animals. To-day there are 27,- .000 collective farms and all but 10 per cent. of agricultural land in the Ukraino. is cultivated by State farms or collectives. The Government, may be said to have retreated, but it was a re- treat which brought victory.

INDUSTRIAL develop-

ment is even more im portant. Everywhere ono sces new plants in operation or in course of building. Oporated by the nine giant turbines of - the Dnieper Dam are enormous metal and chemical works,. of which the aluminium plant alone produces more than the total production of France. There is another near by which produces more pig iron than the whole of Poland.

'In Kharkov they make every- thing from biscuits to lacomo- tives. The huge tractor plant is famous. So also are the great turbine and electric generator works.

Under the Tsars the Ukraini- the U.S.S.R. Of these 23,000,-

Accompanying this is a pro- ether wholly or in part without previou streets of its capital, pressed people, to such an ex- Russiana,

ans were, of course, an op- 000 are Ukrainians, the rest digious improvement in educa- Moldavians, Jews, tion. Before the Revolution 60

arrangement

WINNING BATTLE OF THE SKIES AGAINST the broad canvas of a conflict which, with its latest

by the R.A.F.

France during the past four days

centre.

are

Kiev, of its great port tent that even their language Poles, Germans, with a sprinkl- per cent. of the population was Odessa, and of Khar- was not allowed to be taught. ing of Tartars, Gipsies and illiterate. To-day there kov, its chief industrial In 1918, the great landowners other races. In area the coun- more youngsters in the Ukraine called in the Germans and the try is nearly as large as Ger enjoying higher education than country lay unider a ruthless oc- many, in the combined wealth There are 27,000 medical stu- there are in Nazi Germany. My general impression is cupation which, incidentally, of its mineral and agricultural dents alone, 30,000 in the it far exceeds that Agricultural Colleges, and 11,- that this most coveted, and has not been forgotten.

000 more in the Universities for specialised agricultural work.

Almost every important in-

resources

country,

+

as dustrial area in the country has

TT customary to speak It is the Soviet Union

developments, has virtually be come a world war, the signi- therefore most strategically Then came Allied interven- ficance of the daylight offensive dangerous, territory repre- tionista and a period of civil sents one of the greatest war. Between December, 1918, over northern

Bolshevik successes. To a and August, 1919, Kiev SAW very large extent they have fourteen different Governments a country of untold natural re- its own air club and thousands is, perhaps, liable to lose its

of workers become trained correct. perspective and to be warks against aggression villages, but not an end of trou- bulous resources the Ukraine more than 100,000 applications.

created that best of all bul- rise and fall. There came then sources.

an end to the time of burning

pilots in their spare time. ¦ Ac- Yet even in this land of fa- cording to a published report; regarded, in well-known military from outside, a contented ble. parlance, as merely "local acti-population. It was not al-

ranks easily first. To-day the for such training have been re- vity." But the figures of re- ways so.

For ten years the Ukraine Ukraine, in which lies the fam- ceived so far this year. lative German and British losses

was a more or less dissatisfied ous Donetz Basin, produces 76 member of the Soviet Union, per cent. of the coal mined in

Of what the actual military are too arresting to permit this ago attack from outside sionist uprisings during the centage of iron; 85 per cent, of is anybody's guess. The terri- Even three or four years culminating in definite acces- the U.S.S.R.; the same per- defences of the Ukraine consist valuation. The Nazis, with all might easily have

been famine years of 1932 and 1933, the nation's sugar and 35 per tory is part of the great Euro- the advantages of a defensive accompanied by sporadic In 1932 Stalin appointed cent, of its total grain crop. In pen plain and lacks all natural fighting unit have lost 118 planes revolt within the country Fostycheff "Secretary" to the addition it is first in production frontiers on the West, a fact (for certain) against the itself. To-day that seems the Ukraine. In plain English ton was grown for the first time beon overlooked by Marshal Central Executive Committee of of electric power. In 1932 cot- which most certainly has not R.A.F.'s 30-a ratio of nearly

out of the question.

Postycheff was made dictator in the southern districts.

Voroshilov. four to one.

The Ukrainians are a gay all autonomous leanings.

with carte blanche to suppress

There are now 400,000 acres

But for a rich and coveted These figures give part of the people. Not for nothing

under this crop and as a con- land the attitude of the inhabi- picture. They demonstrate the are their folk dances and To-day the Ukraine is the sequence the U.S.S.R. no longer tants is a factor of the utmost greatness of the

importance also. It was that new Spitfires balalaika orchestras famous most prosperous province of the requires to import cotton.

which I came to see, and what. and re-emphasise the undoubted throughout the world. tented.

To a very large extent indeed I have seen convinces me that superiority of the British pilots, Dancing and music bubble

the general improvement is duo an attack on the Ukraine would They illustrate that whereas the sion of the Ukrainian tem- cent of the total population of collectivism and the Kulaks, tion block.

The population is over thirty to forth as the natural expres- million or about twenty per peasants did not understand it might even prove an execu- Dictator Postycheff. The prove no picnic for the attacker. Nazi airmen, when they invade Britain, seldom escape with an

perament.

adverso ratio of losses of much

In other ways, too, the less than three

Ukraine is different. The to one, the R.A.F., when they take the war and more swarthy than the people are bigger, healthier into the enemy's camp, can re muddy - faced Muscovites. occupies two towns 100 miles THE enemy, we will imagine, tain at least the same favourable Although enslaved for gen-apart. Immediately, on our war proportion of losses in men and erations, they have never maps, we draw a line between The other side of the picture acquired the slave men- those two towns, and say, which the last four days have tality, and this no doubt "There is the new battlefront. given is that Britain is more accounts for the amazing and more attaining the position speed with which they are where she can raid Germany and now developing. German-occupied territory with

machines.

THE

Union and one of the most con-

NO MORE "FRONT LINES

between them. and their cont- rades in front, the latter would have had to come back-if they

By Major E. W. Sheppard could.

If they could not; they would have by fire from flanks or rear, and been destroyed. by night by patrols.

This conception of "lines" and

Anyhow, it is quite wrong for us So, in this sort of warfare, all fast-moving columns 50 miles apart, nowadays to think that because two "fronts" dates from the last

that a "line", can show is a gen- have advanced 60 miles deep into

fended areas.

conquered all the country behind them or in between them.

war. In this war of movemens eral trace of the foremost de. enemy, territory, they have therefore

It is often old-fashioned and dau- gerous.

✩

A string of beads-without they steed.

woll ahead through or round the fance of these isolated defended areas enemy, going deep into his terri- material means of Oghting will be ex- cannot be prolonged, because their tory, regardless of what forces hausted.

as much intensity as the Nazis attacked England last year that she can, in fact, take the full Initiative in the combat for aerial look cleaner with their little stabilised as they did in Al- Tir countryside, too, is of course, when fronts become

They have not. All they have really taken and held is the ground supremacy, and that British whitewashed

they themselves actually occupy, as cottages, their bania-troopa on both sides Supremacy is more and more cherry orchards and flower gar could dig in, and real lines could the string would be a better becoming a realisation.

What they have done is te disrupt Mr Churchill was not using with

dens. They contrast strongly be formed, not at first but by way of showing the real position, the connections between the hostile vain and empty words, nor was coloured wooden shacks and

the unpainted, dun-slow degrees.

But in mobile warfare, even possibly to cut lines of commurica- defended areas, and to threaten and he indulging in bravado when he houses of the North and East. continuous line" of twenty-five. promised Russia that Britain Kiev, their capital city on the years ago. Modern defences are mobile, forces columns thrust cannot be restored, then the breas

Even so, there was not the that device gives a false impres. tion to the rear.

sion. In that sort of fighting would intensify the war against Dnieper, is one of the most not organised in that way.

If these lines of inter-communica especially nowadays with highly tion and of rearward communication Germany as a result of the Nazi beautiful towns in Russia. onslaught against the Soviet. The Premier backed up his words by actions-actions which consolidation of this offensive.. he knew could be taken because No direct appeal from Mr Chur-

They are, usually, small areas of his they are leaving behind. at long last the country is in a chill to this Colony could be more prepared to meet all-round at The job of dealing with these position to assume an aerial emphatic than the news of the tack-and there

are lots of hostile forces is left to slower is so may demoralise the garrisons offensive on a major scale.

Inst four days, Britain is win- them behind the foremost ones. and heavier bodies of troops and cause them to surrender or re The knowledge is vastly en- ning the battle of the skies, and Couraging and must surely serve Hongkong has a glorious oppor-depth." Their purpose is to

These provide "dorence

coming up behind-very often a treat at once. "defence in long way behind. to inspire the people of Hong-tunity to contribute towards the "cushion" the attack, and slow

Then the country in the rear of kong to support to the limit the final and conclusive elimination it up until it is finally checked reinforcing troops were 50 or conquered but not till then.

Sometimes in France these those mobile forces that have pushed Bomber Fund, which is tho of the Luftwaffe and the aveng or repulsed by counter-attack. even 100 miles in rear of the go let us get out of our heads this so far ahead can really be said to ho Colony's one sure method of ing of London, Coventry, helping to supply mont Roca Southampton, Portsmouth Bramall defended areas are usually If they had failed to clear up to the mobile warfare of to-day

the RAF and The spaces between these

mochantsed troops.

for the successful conduct and thin

open. By day, they are covered the enemy centres of resistance, cronbows,

Moreover, the knowledge that this

idea of "tines and cortinuous fronts

1

and