1941-06-12 — Page 4

Thursday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPHITE

June 12, 1941.

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THE prefix "Special to Use Telegraph” Is used by the tongkong Telegraph" to indieate news which is strielly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni- talians Ordinance, 1936, Such new AL bears the indication "UP" is received in Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associatsons, who 78- serve all rights and forbid republications,

How

Strong

is

The Red Army?

The Soviet Red Army cele-

brated the twenty-third anni-

Versary of its establishment re-

William Henry Chamberlin

For in 1937 devastating purges set in. Marshal Tukhachevsky was executed. Marshal Blue. cher, for many years commander in the Far East, disappeared. All the admirals in the Red Navy and many of the lenders in So- viet aviation suffered similnė fates. All this must have had its effect on the efficiency of Red Army staff work, on the prospective effective utilisation of the large numbers of tanks and planes which the Soviet Union has accumulated.

Probably the safest estimate

either wholly or in part without previous cently. There was the usual noted "Christian Science Monitor" correspon of the capacity of the Red Army

*Arrangement.

own

Russian accompaniment of de- monstrations, parades, declara- dent, says that the military machine of the at the present time would lie tions of invincibility and assur- Soviet has looked both good and bad in battle in invincibility" and tile

somewhere between its recent years.

utterly negative appraisals of the more extreme anti-Com- munists,

H.M. THE KING

ances of readiness to defend TO-DAY is celebrated the birth-victoriously the frontiers of the day of His Majesty King George VI. "Socialist Fatherland." The birthdays of British sovereigns have always been occasions for the people's rejoicing and there are elr. cumstances which have drawn the present king and his consort closely to his people that the day will be touched. this with

greater fervour.

year

was able to force its way through laboration before Adolf Hitler How much fact lies behind these defences by sheer over came into power, were of the these claims?

whelming superiority in men opinion that the Red Army had It could scarcely conceivably The answer to this question is and metal,

developed a fairly good grade of be used with success in offensive of special interest at a time when Staff work in the Soviet- junior officer and that the civil operations against the German the Soviet Union constitutes a Finnish war $0

was of inferior war had turned up a few brilliant Reichswehr at its present state huge wedge between the Euro- quality; elementary precautions, generals, such as Marshal of efficiency; the inferiority in pean and the Asiatic theatres of such as the camouflaging of Michael Tukhachevsky, and Mar- staff work, in organisation and co-ordination, in the quality of the two wars that show signs of tanks, were neglected; and the shal Vassily Bluecher.

its air force, is too great, gradually becoming merged in whole campaign seemed to be in the worst tradition of · pre-

Of all the sons of George V, the former Duke of York follows most

Duke of Gloucester. That is tanta-

mount to saying that His Majesty Is assured of the love and respect of all his democratic peoples for all of hig reign-and may it be a long one.

Albert Frederick, Duke of York,

was born on December 14, 1895.

one.

looks good on the parade-ground has failed in the test of war and the converse is also occasionally true.

Contrasted 'Records

Safe Estimate

The World Is Wet

Its weakness, according to

On the other hand, it is The surest indication of an war Russia, success achieved by these observers, was rather in

who probably well enough armed and nearly the character of that beloved army's value is its showing mere massing of numbers, with its majors and colonels, monarch-with the possible excep- under conditions of actual com- little or no element of skill or were generally inferior to the equipped to put up a stubborn corresponding oflicers in Western defensive struggle, as Russian tion of the retiring youngest son, thebat. More than one army that finesse.

armies in military and general troops have often done in their education.

past history, but on two con-. ditions; that internal discontents would not flare up under the There are probably two ex-

stress of war and that the trans- The evidence about the Red~planations-for-the-contrasted-re

There is reason to believe that portation system, chronically Army, based on its showing, is cords of the Red Army in the

Ever the peak efficiency of the Red strained in time of peace, did imperfect and is.somewhat con- Far East and in Finland. tradictory. Most of its opera- since 1981, the Soviet Union had Army and the Red Air Force not collapse under the vastly in- tions have been walkovers, mere been suspicious of Japan and was achieved in 1935 and 1936. creased demands of war. The family name then was Hanover marches into disarmed or shat had maintained in Eastern but the German association was tered countries, as was the case Siberia a picked army, trained dropped in July, 1917, and the new with the occupation of the three for operations in that region. war was an im- designation of Windsor was made by Baltle republics, Latvia, Litho- The Finnish proclamation. Like his father, Hisania, and Eathonia, and with the provisution, for which no ade-

By Philip Guedalla Majesty King George VI was called invasion of Eastern Poland after quale preparations had been upon suddenly to succeed the elder Germany had smashed effective made. And the open treeless

prairies of Mongolia were better A wise statesman once ad- toe, withdraws it with austere Polish resistance, brother, though the clrcumstances

suited for the use of tanks than vised his fellow-countrymen disapproval of the mean tem- were not similar, since George V merely followed his deceased brother

The. Soviet Red Army is in-citment to use large-scale maps; barks reluctantly on operations Clarence as heir apparent and had

The Red Army seems to have evitably influenced to some, ex- and there is something to be in a wholly unfamiliar clement. characteristics of said for his advice. For there That is the secret of sea- given a pretty good account of tent by the itself in two serious clashes with the old Russian Army which it is nothing more important, if

power. Defensively it compels the Japanese, around the heights succeeds. The Russian peasant, we are to know the real mean an opponent to come and win a of Changkufeng in the summer although he naturally often ing of events, than to use maps, battle on the sea-or else to lose of 1938 and in the neighbour- lacks the initiative of the more But they must be the right the war. He may never know hood of Nomonhan, along the educated and technically trained maps; and I sometimes think that he is losing It. Indeed, it vágue, disputed boundary be Western soldier, is a sturdy that half the major errors of may be doubted how far Napo- tween Manchukuo and Outer fighter when he is properly led the world's self educated nuto- leon in the full tide of Contin- Mongolia, in the summer of and given a decent chance in the crats are attributable to the ental victory over reailsed that matter of equipment. At Eylau simple fact that they use the those far distant, storm- crowned the tribute that loyal sub-

The Changkufeng fighting, so and at Borondino, Napoleon Had wrong maps.

!

beaten ships, upon which the jects offered to a symbol that had

far as one could piece together reason to respect the stoical It cannot be doubted that they Grand Army never looked, stood become something more than a con- the contradictory reports of the courage of his Russian oppon- spend a great deal of their time between it and the dominion of stitutional monarchy and represented two sides, ended in pretty much ents. Russia has produced bril-in looking at maps, brooding in the world." That was for the common peoples of the Em-of a draw but well informed liant generals, Suvoroff, Kutu- Napoleonic contemplation or shrewd diagnosis of Admiral pire all that was best in the life of Japanese privately admit that zoff, Skobeleff. But, the social Wagnerinn reverie over maps Mahan, the North American an Englishman, a gentleman and Nomonhan was a defent, ap and economic backwardness of of their own country. Now, few who first expounded the basic a happy family.

parently because. Soviet tanks, Russin has always been a handi- things in the world are more principles that underly British misleading than a map of a victory and ensure British sur- racing over the arid steppo land cup to its military effort.

single country-or for that vival. Japanese and threatened to cut Self-Sufficiency matter, of a single continent.

many years to prepare himself for

the succession. Following the dif- flcult days of necession in Decem-

ber, 1936, the present king bore him- self with a dignity and courage that pect of the nation for himself and his family. The Coronation literally

earned a permanent place in the res-

The war has brought the Empire together as no other event and, con- trary to the intention of the enemy, It has bound the people to their ad- ministration and 1is head, the Royal Family, with unbreakable bonds.

affected, manners among the people

Against The Japanese the frozen forests of Finland. (and mine) in moments of ex-perature of sea-water, or em-

1939.

of Mongolia, outmanoeuvred the

off their retreat.

the

It

AB a result of the indus. For whilst it portrays the coun- Fiasco In Finland trialisation programme which try or the continent it omits all But sea-power has ph, offensive has been pressed with grent the water by which, in practical-pect that may be even more im- routes enabica Britain to apply the In Finland, on the other hand, energy since 1929, Russia is now ly every case, it is. surrounded. Portant. For command of the cen The bombing of Buckingham Palace, the Red Army had little reason more self-sufficient as regardsThat is the hidden truth torch of war to any corner of the the long separations of the King and to be proud of its achievements. military supplies than was the which always seems to come ns world. It once enabled Wellesley to.

surprise to Queen from their family, their un- Overwhelming superiority

England's bring an army to the Tagus and to In case in the first World War., Its a

of Spain and Portugal from Vimeiro to the Pyro- who suffer with them, and the real tanks and planes failed to pro- new steel, motor, and chemical enemies. Each of them in turn fight for the liberation of

duce an effective blitzkrieg. plants can be turned to military makes the unwelcome discovery nees by way of Salamanca and grit that it takes not only to just

that the world Is far, weltéri Vitoria. It enables Wavell to thrust Masses of men were sont to uses, just like our own.

from Egypt at Italian Afrion. than they had supposed.". "carry on" as the British people are

destruction in the Finnish for- The Revolution swept away

prevents Italy from sending a single doing to-day, but to do so in the public eye, in the world's 'eye, all eats without proper equipment very largely the old officer class,

man, gun, tank, shell, bomb, or pint the time these are the things of for fighting under local condi- but it opened the doors of pro-,

conqueror of patrol to her boleaguered gar-

risons in Ethiopia. which we are proud,

tlons.

motion widely to the masses, and ploughs his way morrily across The Finnish defences on tho a certain number of Czarist the map of Europe.. Frontiers, For the master of the sea is master river valleys, of the roads across the world. His is doing his bit can look up with Isthmus of Karelia were not re officers were absorbed into the road-junctions.

aries come where they will and go and capitals all go down before. as they choose. Ite cannot be de- affection and regard to those in high motely comparable in atrength Red Army,

Gorman military observers him. The British Isles invite feated except upon the seat and so places who are doing their bit with with the Maginot Line; they no less courage. If, in Mr Winston consisted of a chain of pillboxes, with whom I have talked and him na n final morsel. But It Is long as he retains the mastery of Churchill Britnin has found Its adapted to the difficult terrain, who had the best opportunity to the unpleasant nature of an that alement, the game is in his leader in ita darkest hour, in His Yet it took months of fighting, know the Red Army at first hand island to be wet all around; and hands to be played where he may

wish with cards of his own choice. Majesty the Empire has found no leas

by enormous, during the years of fairly close the indignant conqueror checks That is the plain lesson of four an example in noble purpose and accompanied

casualties, before the Red Army Boviet-German military col- at the water's edge, insorts a centuries of war in a wet world! unassuming worth

The man in the public sheiter who

The Continental