1941-06-04 — Page 4

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HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE

Stubbs Road

The

RAF

Fourth Article

By Air Commodore

Real purpose of the

BALLOON BARRAGE

P. F. M. Fellowes, D.S.O.

person A really full-out pilot-and SOME interent rage these do not by my means

balloon resembled an elephant on every, gooseberry bush-will that had received bad news:

take a chance and dive between balloons if he can see them.

There is also the delightful story of the old Londoner who, at the beginning of the war, was heard to say:-

"However long those bloom- Phone 27778-0 ing Huns stay up there in their balloons, they won't frighten

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wednesday, Juno 4, 1941.

Wyndham St, Hongkong Telephone: 20015

THE preax "Epecial to the Telegraph is used by the "Hongkong Telegraph to

indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecomm4,121)- cations Ordinance, 1916, Buch news as bears the indication “UP” is received in Hongkong the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re-

serve all rights and forbid republications, eliker wholly or in part without previous

arrangement,

WHAT IF THE DICTATORS

DO MEET!

The two Fascist dictators have met again and the usual pastime of guessing why and what resulted therefrom is in full swing. Opinions vary: The meeting was designed to set a date for the invasion of Britain: to discuss measures for cou.

tinuing the battle of the Medi- terranean; to bewail between themselves President Roose- velt's speech. These and others are the popular theories, although just what it matters anyhow is a little difficult to understand. The meeting may

have been for example, simply a Whitsun Parade for the purpose of gaining bit of world-wide publicity, especially when it is remembered that Mussolini has been pushed rather severely in the background in consequence of his inept military campaigns of the past ten months.

Most important point is that demonstrative parleys between Hitler and Mussolini no longer possess any particular signific- ance for Britain and her Allies. Neither political nor military surprises are any longer on the carde. Of possibilities, there are many, but they can be, and surely are being, anticipated to the full; wherefore it is well to appreciate that (a) Britain is more than ever prepared to meet

me !"

He knows that the wire al- ways lies in a curve below, and in a line with the longer axis of the balloon.

Another objection to the bar- rage balloons is that they are a source of great danger and men- tal discomfort to our own pilots. In short, the balloons are

If an aircraft hits a balloon treated by the public with a cer- wire it is not by any means tain levity. And I myself must certain that the aircraft will be confess that I have always brought down-but it is certain- doubted the economic and tac- ly not a chance that any pilot tical value of the great balloon in the world will take if he can organisation we have built up. avold it.

Nevertheless, that does not

A machine hitting a balloon diminish my great respect for wire is quite likely to cut the the thoroughness and efficiency cable, even if it is not brought with which the plan has been down itself. If a propeller hits curried out.

u balloon wire it will be dam-

There is, in fact, no question aged, but the aircraft may still that the balloons have reached a be able to fly. remarkably high standard of organisation under the com- mand of Air Chief Marshal Sir E. L. Gossage.

to keep aircraft to such a

Moral Effect

Handling a balloon requires training and experience; resource and initiative."

With this example before us, such enormous heights, and con- If a very large acroplane runs

I can see no reason why obser-tinue to fly at such great speeds. into a balloon wire, the chances vers in balloons should not be

utilised for convoy work.

Sound travels at approximate- are very much in favour of the

ly 1,100 feet a second, and if Now the purpose of the bar- aircraft and against the balloon. Here they would be of im- you like to calculate what this rage balloon is two-fold. It is wire.

mense value....

means with an aeroplane travel- height that they are unable to However, there is no question With powerful binoculars, they ling at 250 m.þ.h., at 30,000 feet, carry out accurate dive-bombing that the balloon wires have a would have a field of view which you will appreciate how difficult and to keep them at such, a tremendous moral effect on or would enable them to spot any it is to lay a gun on to an aero-

(although, once

submarine, moving either on the plane with any device relying height that anti-aircraft gunfire dinary men

surface or with its periscope upon sound, even if it continues can conveniently get at them. more, the extraordinary man re-

above water, for, perhaps, a cir- to fly in a straight line at the gards it only as another war

cumference of twenty miles. It will be appreciated that if risk),

same height.;. aircraft fly at very low. It is interesting to realise that

There is, of course, the objec- Furthermore, both our own levels, anti-aircraft guns could in peace time the mere presence tion that a barrage balloon would and enemy pilots do their utmost not be trained fast enough to of balloons would keep all pilota give away the position of a con- to confuse and check-mate the enable them to follow the tar- at least 10 miles away from the voy. But the smoke of a con- anti-aircraft automatic calcula get.

vicinity unless the visibility was voy already does this.

ting devices. extraordinarily clear. Kept High

Up-And-Up- If you imagine-yourself-to-be- The handling of a balloon in

And in order that the sub- 250 m.p.h., and turning every a pilot flying at 80,000 feet, at Barrage balloons are proba- open country in fair weather bly the most effective method of can only be done successfully by marine should spot the balloon it minute 30 degrees one way and protecting small targets of great trained and experienced person- has got to come to the surface, then 30 degrees back another nel, but in really bad weather, or, at any rate, projects its value from surprise dive-bomb in confined places in large cities, periscope.

the

way, and, then, perhaps, 45, de- grees one way and 45 degrees ing attacks, but. I know that it is a task which requires not. It is highly probable, there back the other way, you will see they are not of any great value only training and experience, fore, that the balloon would spot how impossible you make it for in protecting large areas from but qualities of real resource

the submarine first, if it were in the calculator operator... movement. The line of foam medium or high bombing at. and initiative. tacks.

In a high wind, a partially- drawn by a submarine periscope doflated balloon can behave like on the surface of the water is

bucking and bad-tempered very distinctive.

а

My reason for this belief is that I am sure the vast majority horse. of enemy airmen have not suf-

try.

Omnibus Methods

to a much greater cording to size.

Particularly when you realise that a shell, to do any serious As is generally known, we are harm to an aircraft has to burst 'ficient determination to come in some way so as to put it out will go

If it tears a fin, or is damaged now developing balloons which within 30 to 70 yards of it, ac- down very low over our coun- of balance, its behaviour can be height.

indescribable, except perhaps by

Also, to burst that shell ac- a well-educated sailor or old- This idea will reduce the da. curately anywhere the gun has I believe it is only the excep fashioned cab driver.

termination of enemy pilots by to be laid exactly on the right tional men who are prepared to

The winch itself is a com- will be useful at night....

adding to their uncertainties. It spot and the time-fuse has to be do this because once they are

accurate to a very small propor- down low they are very liable which requires skill and a high plicated piece of mechanism

tion of a second. to

This short discussion on the

There are many other methods be caught and shot down, standard of training to manipu- now under experiment for com- either by our fighters or by ma- late, while regassing under, cer- bating the night bomber. I am anti-aircraft organization for chine-gun fire from the ground, tain atmospheric conditions can not free to discuss them yet. long range work is meant only

The average man in an aero- plane when over enemy country, likes to remain as high' above that country as he can, while carrying out the duty for which

ho is detailed.

be dangerous.

They Go To Sea

to illustrate the extreme difficul-. But I can say that, in conjunc- ty of obtaining results important tion with the balloons, and our enough to dissuado the enemy night fighters, and our anti-air- from attacking `ua. The smoothness and efficiency craft, these should shortly make with which this great organisa- this country so unpleasant to

My remarks, of course, do not tion now runs, when the difficul- the enemy that he will, to a large apply to aeroplanes which come ties and possibilities of making extent, cease to visit us.

down very low and fly over arend and "withstand an invasion, (b)

protectd by light, automatie or that although the situation in. An objection is raised that if mistakes are evaluated, Is most

At present the anti-aircraft machine guns. the Mediterrancan provides some you protect only the valuable remarkable...

organisation that we are build- The balloons, which originally ing up in this country has to

Hare the only safeguard of anxiety consequent upon the fall targets, the balloons will give of Greece and Crete, our military away their exact position, but were confined to land defence, suffer from one great defect. It the aeroplane against well-armed

is atatic.

fire by determined and highly-. dispositions along the vital if there is any wind the balloon

this is not really cogent, because have now taken to the sea.

trained gun crews is surprise. On the water they are used southern frontier of Syria have will frail a long way to leeward, not only from stationary barges gun down near London It is of

That is to say, If you put aw

Finally, we can comfort our been strengthened, while troops

-to safeguard important chan

our omnibus methods of combat- from Abyssinia are now avall- rancan and the defence of Suez, nels from magnetic and other nouss to Manchester or Birselves by the knowledge that

mine laying--but in convoys, to mingham.#

Ing attacks from the air havo able for action elsewhere, (e) nevertheless Crete served a very guard against low bombing at- It is here that the fighter or proved so effective, despite their that while engaged in full dress important and highly useful tacks.

any aircraft utilising any system limitations, that we have strong- battles in the eastern Mediter purpose; it delayed the enemy In future it is quite concety of combating the bombor pos- ly discouraged the enemy from ranean and northern Africa, wo and caused him pretty consider able that they may be used in sesses such a great advantage in carrying out attacks by day over successfully dealt withable losses in men and material, convoys work for observation its mobility. threatening situation in Iraq,

The outcome of the Creto struggle encourages de

despond

had been tol

the isla

the publi

work against submarineare la

„Crete was a reverse, but a

In the In the last war kite-balloon which there is overt observers used to sit up in their to an balloons at several thousand feat only a few miles from the front. liño, llable all the time to be shof dówi

Better Defences

»

the country

And we are in process of dia couraging them to the same ex- owever, our anti-aircraft tent from carrying out attacks hods are rapidly becoming by night!

officient. It is our search- havo hrough:

sures