1941-04-10 — Page 23

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Cope 1941, Wak Doy Post

Thursday,

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April 10, 1941.

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MEASURE MINDS

A COLONEL, who is training thou

sands of recruits fresh from civil Hife, tells me i he has been keep ing some interesting records of men and their jobs.

These prove that hardly one min In a humitrel his any true choice in the career he takes up.

Most men begin their working life by doing anything that will give them an immediate wage, irrespec- _tive_of_its_appeal_to_them, or their suitability for it.

.

Thousands go automatically into the factory, the mill or the pit, be- cause it the local custom; thou« shuts arlopt the trades of their fathers, and only a small percentage deliberately set out to do what they wish to do.

The Right Idea

n.

"The result is," said this colonel, "that life is even fuller than I agined to be of square pega in round holes.

"Economie necessity drives many men into jobs which they either actively hate or mildly dislike, and they never have a chance to pause and discover a Job they would pre- their more suited to fer, ur abilities.

"When the war is over, al we make our New Order, 1 suggest that our starting point is the realisation that men are more important than money and that human happiness is more important than industria pro- #1.

"Having agreed to this, we must then apply some system of measure- ment to men's minds in order to decide, or rather help them to de- cide, the work they are most fitted to do.

"Perhaps the Army has got the right ten in its pyschology and in telligence tests.

Welcome. Change

Those who regard the Army as a vast, but careless, employer of labour may be surprised to learn that for the past six months the War Once has been applying a test to its man power that Industry has never at tempted to apply to the capacity of ordinary workers.

This is the most ambitious attempt ever made lo And the right man for the job.

Na one pretends that these tests are Infallible, but everyone in authority realises that they do prevent › an enormous number of men from being pushed into duties which they are helther mentally nor temperamental. ly fitted to perform.

This is a welcome change from the last wor, when a man's finess for any particular job was less important than his proximity to it.

Twenty-five years ago, for instance, an accomplished pianist would, na likely as sot, be discovered with blackened hands in the cookhouse-s And there may be almilar victimeE this time; but not so many]

The Army fo-day takes such a man and attempts to assess his usefulness In modern war.

In what does this consist7 1. knowledge of Beethoven? No. His "sense of sound? Not necessarily. Ils

hands? Yes definitely,

You would probably find that planist to-day working some dellcate machine. such as a predictor, which requires playing" with a sensitive pair of hand.

113

The methods by which ability in

known war are assessed are psychology and intelligence tesis, andl they are devised by the School of Psychology at Cambridge.

I believe I nm right in saying that the Air Force frat used them to and ouwheiler_man should_be_trained_ for a Spire or a Wellington,

So successful were they in picking out the bomber temperament from the fighter temperament that the Army deckled to apply 'similar tests to a recruits.

These tests vary, of course, from une brauch of the service to another.

Training Ways

I watched one of these examina- tons at training centre for light A.A. gunners.

The men had been drafted to this centre from every branch of civil employment. There were men. from villages and cities. from factories and fields.

To turn over their documents in the orderly room was to find the particulars of a landscape gardener lying between those of a plasterer'a Inbourer and a garage hand.

Now the task of the centre is to find out as soon as possible those who are best fitted by temperament to man the ten positions on the gun.

Number 1 Is the deluchiment com- mander. He must have his wits about him and be able to give orders. Numbers 2 and 3 are in charge of the predictor, and require, quick brains and pond hands,

Numbers 7 and 8 are on the gun Rself-Number 7 aims it for line: Number for elevation. They must be men with good sight and, quick physical reaction.

Number 4 loads and Bres under orders. He has to be a quick, sen- sible fellow. but, apart from that, his is a routine job.

Numbers 5 and 6 are ammunition dumpers, who carry the shells to Number 4,

Number 9 worka the electrical generator and drives one of the lorries, Ile must be a mechanical type.

Number 10 is really the second in command, and must be able to con- trol the gun. If he is not using the predictor.

How It Works

Thus you see how many varied qualities are demanded from a per- fect gun team.

Now let us see how psychology helps to pick these men.

We went into an Army hut, where about twenty young soldiers were sitting at tables. A sergeant handed out papers containing groups of printed figures.

An officer spoke to the men and, after explaining the tests, gave out the first problem:

"a Beutenant is senior to a peneral, place a cross under every ning in the first line, but if a gen- eralls senior to a lieutenant cross out Hil"numbers immediately before nine. You have five seconds to do it."

The sergeant with a stop-watch timed them, and they went on to the next question:

"You will see on the paper befois you three circles and the pure X. The figure X represents a ship at sen and the three circles are minca, You have five seconds to draw a line from the ships, X, showing its course north of the first two miles and south of the third.""

were

Various problems of this kind, cach one becoming more dilleult. set, all of them designed to Indiente quickness of brain, common sense, ability to follow an Instruction aud general intelligence.

Then followed a number of eye and judgment tests-obykusly lim- portant for A.A. gingers,

The men were given sheets of paper on which were printed six numbered squares, and on ench square was printed a triangle, a circle 한양 some other geometrical shape,

Beneath the circles were perhaps twenty assorted geometrical shapes, some of which corresponded to the shapes on the squares.

More Tests

One minute was allowed for the men to decide which shapes corres- ponded,

This was not difcutt because the shapes were all the right way up, and could easily be judged by eye. But the next test was more diffeult - because the shapes, in addition tu beling more complicated, were upside down or at an angle different from those in the squares.

It required considerable. Judgment and a good eye to decide which was which.

The third and fourth tests were so difficult that. I was told, only archi- tects and droughtsmen, or others used to dealing with -plans, usually get full marks in the time allowed,

The men were then put through two ingenious tests designed to In- diente lightness of touch and contral of machinery.

First, they came out one by one and were shown a slate on which were engraved two wavering lines with a narrow track between them only a fraction of an inch in width.

The two sides of the track were electrically charged so that when a metal pencil was placed on the track It communicated with a buzzer the moment one side of the track or the other had been touched.

The test consisted of running over the track with the metal pencil with out touching the sides and setting up a penalising buzz.

No one, I was told, has ever done this with fewer than about twenty buzzes, and the average number is Afly.

By Touch

The second test was dimcult

Two gramophone moiors, running at different speeds, controlled the revolutions of a roller upon which was printed the silhoucite of an легортале.

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The revolutions of the roller were controlled by a handle which slowed down the faster motor, until the roller

motionless and hunk

the Beroplane remained set. In the same position; but extreme gentleness of touch was necessary.

Once the roller was under control It remained so delicately poised that the weight of n butterfly on the wheel would send it spinning off at grent speed.

"Such testa give us something to go on," said the officer.

"They show, for instance, that it would be a waste of man power to train a fellow who has perfect hands as on ammunition dumper, while it would be equally wasiatul to expect a man, who cannot do the simplest testa, to master the intricacies of the predictor or to be a good No. 1 or Number 10.

"But he might be a perfect Num bor 01

"On the other hand, tests are not everything. Men do not always do Themselves justice. Some, who would TURN to Page 7, Column Thron

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