1941-01-03 — Page 19

IT

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11:25

Dyr, 1910, Walt Disney Productina

In the first four chapters of his narrative, Fred Hockey, the St Peter Port harbour sign- aller, described how the Germans took possession of the Channel Islands after the He con- British forces decided to evacuate. tinues his eye-witness account of the occupa- tion in the following chapter. The story is recorded by

******** DUDLEY BARKER-

"Socialism

For Channel Islanders

O prove that things would The better and happier

under Itler's New Order, the Germans gave the Channel Islands "Socialism" after they had been in occupation for a fortnight.

The German harbour master in Guernsey told Fred Hockey (and Fred Hockey, the har- bour algnaller who afterwards escaped to England, told me) that Hitler's Idea was that there should be no rich or poor, and all men would be equal-except, of course, the Germans.

So it was duly announced in the Guernsey newspapers that henceforward all businesses would belong to the States of Guernsey (which, in turn, of course, though this was not emphasised, temporarily be. longed to Germany).

It was not exactly compul- sory to hand your business over to the States.

But if you did not, there was nobody in Guernsey who could afford any longer to buy your produce, you could not export it, and you could not draw enough money to pay your employees even if you had it in the bank.

So there was not much choico about it.

"For a week later," said Fred Hockey, "all wages on the island were regulated, too,

Fixed Wages

"It was announced that every single man who was em ployed-and the Germans saw to it that they were employed if only in forced labour on the airport would draw 30s. a week from the States.

"Married men would get 385. a week, with 18. extra for each child up to the number of five, and 6d, extra for each child over that number.

"Foremen and people who previously owned their busi- nesses received 2s, a week extra, and people with depen- dent relatives also got a bit more. For instance, my total came to £2 a week because I was a married man and had my daughter to support, al- though she was adult.

"It's surprising how quick- ly you can put that sort of. organisation into force, pro- viding nobody is allowed to express any opinion about It, and nobody is allowed to argue. They had it running in Guernsey in a few days,

Bank Control "They appointed overseers for onch district to go round and make sure that everybody was working properly.

"Then they set up local court officials. In the school- rooms in each parish to pay out the Government wages, which were collected cach week by the foreman and owners of businesses, 1

"People of

independent

means, were no better off, be- cause, no matter how much they had in the bank, they were not allowed to draw out more than their 30s, or 388. cach week, although they did not have to do any work.

"That was why no man could carry on his private business-he could not get the money to pay his expenses. And the Germans, of course, wanted all businesses to be handed over to the States, so that they themselves could control them.

"Most of the Guernsey busi- nesses were glasshouses for growing tomatoes or grapes. The Germans made the grow- ers turn a lot of them over to other crops, particularly maize and beans. It was thought that they wanted the seed to send to Germany, for next year's sowing.

Taken In

"Now this idea of every- body having an equal income, even if it was rather a small income, sounded all right in theory, and some of the more ignorant people got taken in by it at first, I heard several of them say 80, in the 'pubs* and sitting on the sea wall of an evening.

"But even those people soon began to realise that thingy did not work out quite the way they thought they would- everybody working, everybody equal, everybody happy, and

so on.

"To start with, the trades- people soon discovered that everybody in the island did not have an equal income. The Germans had much more than anybody else.

Now, I can't explain to you exactly how that was worked, because I've been just an or- dinary sailor all my life, and I don't understand

much about exchange rates, and things like that.

"But this is what happened, "The Guernsey people were paid in Guernsey money—----- that is, the same as English

money.

"At the same time the Ger- mans flooded the island. with German money. First of all It was marks they brought from Germany, but a week or two later they started print- ing them in Guernsey itself.

Friday,

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what our incomes were, but It did matter if there were nothing to buy with them.

"Nothing WOB imported into the island for the use of the islanders, although the Germans got everything they wanted.

"Cigarettes, now. All the English cigarettes were soon exhausted, and wo had to de pend on a small local cigaretto factory, which, luckily, had a

Nothing To Buy fair stock of tobacco. But

"The_Germans were paid in marks, and the Germans de- elded how many marks went to the Guernsey pound.

"That was money for Jam. That way, it worked out that the German private soldiers were getting £3 a week in Guernsey money, and tho N.C.O.8 and officers, of course, -were- rich men,

"Then we began to find out that it didn't matter so much

when that stock is exhausted there will be no more ciga- rettes. Except, of course, for the Germans, who have their cigarettes sent in.

Watered Beer

It was the, some with beer. There was a stock of beer in the island, but they would not bring any more in.

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an end soon. In fact I should think it is probably about ended by now. That means the Guernsey- men will get no more beer.

"Wines and spirits, of course, were commondsered on the frat day and sent to Germany.

"It was rather funny that, at the same time, the Kommandant Issued un order that there would be severe punishment for anybody found the worse for drink! That's one order the Guernsey men will never be able to disobey

"This business of not being able to buy things applied to everything that had to be brought into the Ger- Island-simply because the mans were bringing nothing in,

for themselves.

Shortly before I came away, for example, my daughter went out to try to buy some bananas. She was able to buy ons, It cost her four- pence.

"So we watched the result, week by week, of this great German Socialiam, everybody equal, that

made such a furr:about they

the ... Guernsey papers, an "They watered down what beer · They were closing because they there was: to make it go farther, had exhausted, their stocks, they and to make it almost undrink- 'could not get any more, and they had nothing left to sell. Then the

able but it: le bound to come to

2.. MORE THAN ONE TYPE

OF OBJECTIVE BOMBED.

These maps, issued by the Ministry of Information, show clearly the chief objectives of the R.A.F. raids on Germany. The figures show the number of major attacks.mado.on-cach-area-up-to- September 30. Smaller bombing raids and feaflot and reconnais- *anco flights are not included.

The

shopkeepers went out to work on the land or the airport, for their 30s. a week. That was what my father-in-law had to do, for one.

The Germans tried to cover all his up by starting a little galety.

cinemas, they reopened

a week, and at first they showed one German and one Eng- His film. But when they had used up all the English films that were in the Channel Islands, they had to be nil German filma, to which they put English sub-titles.

They also started to show pro- pagando films.

friend of mine went to the einenig one night, and zaw 'The sinking of the Ark Royal, which was supposed to have been taken. by the German pilot who 'sank' her.

The funny thing was that there were a lot of German soldiers in the cinema, and when they came to the propaganda Alm, most of them yawned and walked out for a drink, coming back when that Bim was over,

Boycotted Girls

"Another amusement was the dances that were starled in St George's Hall after the Germans had been in Guernsey for a couple of weeks. Quite a few of the locol people went to those dances.

"Some of the girts, indeed,

stort-

ed walking out arm-in-arm with the Germans in the streets. I sup- pose it was natural, for the Ger mins were a amart looking lot, most of them could speak perfect

· English, and they were well be- haved.

"But the Guernsey people never could tolerate it. The girls who were seen walking out with the Germans were banned everywhere.. One of them was a friend of: any daughter's and she had the im- pudence to come to my house.. : ... "Clear out of this, I told her, when I found her there, we don't want any German girls in this attitude house. That was tho

the island took towards most of the these girls.

"Mind you, it is the girls we co- plained about, not the German soldiers. The Genone were under the strictest orders and discipline and, with one exception, they be haved perfectly."..>

TO-MORROW: STARVATION AHEAD.

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