DONALD DUCK
DON'T FORGET
YOUR
LECTURE STARTS
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RUN ALONG!
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THERE!
Cope, 1940, Walk Diawy Production Well Kirim kestval
In the first four chapters of his narrative, Fred Hockey, the St Peter Port harbour sign- aller, described how the Germans took possession of the Channel Islands after the British forces decided to evacuate.
He con- tinues his eye-witness account of the occupa- tion in the following chapter. The story is recorded by
******** DUDLEY BARKER...***
"Socialism" For Channel Islanders
1:
To prove that things would
be better and happier under. Hitler's New Order, the Germans gave the Channel Islands "Socialism" after they had been in occupation for a fortnight.
The German harbour master in Guernsey told Fred Hockey (and Fred Hockey, the har- bour signaller who ofterwards escaped to England, told me) that Hitler's iden was that there should be no rich or poor, and all men would be equal-except, of course, the Germans.
So it was duly announced in the Guernsey newspapers that henceforward all businesses would belong to the States of Guernsey (which, in turn, of course, though this was not emphasised, "temporarily be- longed to Germany).
It was not exactly compul- sory to hand your business over to the States.
But if you did not, there was nobody in Guernsey who could afford any longer to buy -your-produce, you could not export it, and you could not draw enough money to pay your employees even if you had it in the bank.
So there was not much choice about it.
"For a week later," said Fred Hockey, "all wages on the island were regulated, too.
Fixed Wages
"It was announced that every single man who was em- ployed-and the Germans saw to it that they were employed if only in forced labour on the airport--would draw 30s. a week from the States.
"Married men would get 388. a week, with 1a, extra for each child up to the number of five, and Gd, extra for ench child over that number.
"Foremen and people who previously owned their busi- nesses received 28. a week extra, and people with depen- dent relatives also got a bit more. For instance, my total came to £2 a week because I was, a married man and had my daughter to support; al- though she was adult.
"It's surprising how quick- ly you can put that sort of organisation Into force, pro- viding nobody is allowed to express any opinion about it, and nobody is allowed to argue. They had it running In Guernsey in a few days.
Bank Control
"They appointed overseers for each district to go round and make sure that everybody was working properly.
"Then they set up local court officials in the school- rooms in each parish to pay out the Government wages, which were collected ench week by the foreman and owners of businesses;
"People
of independent means were no better off, be- cause, no matter how much they had in the bank, they were not allowed to draw out more than their 30s. or 38s. cach week, although they did not have to do any work,
man.
"That was why no could carry on his private business he could not .get the money to pay his expenses. And the Germans, of course, wanted all businesses to be hunded over to the States, so that they themselves could control them.
"Most of the Guernsey busi- nesses were glasshouses for growing tomatoes or grapes. The Germans made the grow- ers turn a lot of them over to other crops, particularly maize and beans. It was thought that they wanted the seed to send to Gerniany, for next year's sowing.
Taken In
"Now this idea of every- body having an equal income, cven if it was rather a small income, sounded all right in theory, and some of the more ignorant people got taken in by it at first. I heard several of them say so, in the 'pubs" and sitting on the sen wall of an evening.
"But even those people soon began to realise that things did not work out quite the way they thought they would- everybody working, everybody equal, everybody happy, and
80 on.
"To start with, the trades- people soon discovered that everybody in the island did. not have an equal income. The Germans had much more than anybody else.
""Now, I can't explain to you exactly how that was worked, because I've been just an or dinary sailor all my life, und don't understand much about exchange rates, and things like that.
I
"But this is what happened. "The Guernsey people were paid in Guernsey money--- that is, the same as English
money.
"At the same time the Ger- mans Rooded the island with German money. First of all it was marks they brought from Germany, but a week or two later they started print- Ing them in Guernsey itself. ·
Friday,
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what our incomes were, but it did matter if there were nothing to buy with them.
"Nothing WOR imported into the island for the use of the islanders, although the Germans got everything they wanted.
"Cigarettes, now. All the English cigareites were soon exhausted, and we had to de- pend on a small local cigarette factory, which, luckily, had a
Nothing To Buy fair stock of tobacco. But
"The Germans were paid in marks, and the Germans de- cided how many marks went to the Guernsey pound.
"That was money for jam. That way, it worked out that the German private soldiers were getting £8 a week in Guernsey money, and the N.C.O.8 and officers, of course, were rich men,
J
"Then we began to find out that it didn't matter so much
when that stock is exhausted there will be no more ciga- rettes. Except, of course, for the Germans, who have their cigarettes sent in.
Watered Beer
more In.
"It was the same with beer. There was a stock of beer in the Island, but they would not bring are toatered down what beer there was to make it go farthar- and to make it almost undrink- able-but it is bound to come to
OBURO
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HAMM OVER 60 RAIDS
· HERE
an end soon.
In fact I should think it is probably about ended by now. That means the Guernsey- nien will get no more beer.
"Wines and spirits, of course, were commandeered on the first day and sent to Germany.
"It was rather funny that, at the kame time, the Kommandant issued an order that there would be severe punishment for anybody found the worse for drink! That's one order the Guernsey men will never be able to disobey.
"This business of not being able to buy things applied to everything that had to be brought into the Island-simply because the Ger mans were bringing nothing ́in, except for themselves.
Shortly before I came away, for example, my daughter went out to try to buy some bananas. She was able to buy one. It cost her four-
pence.
"So we watched the result, week by week, of this great German Socialism, everybody equal, that they made such a fuss about in the Guernsey papers.
"They were closing because they had exhausted thair stocks, they could not get any more, and they had nothing left to sell. Then the
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OF OBJECTIVE BOMBED.
These maps, issued by the Ministry of Information, show cloarly the chief objectives of the R.A.F. raids on Gormany. The figures show the number of major altacks made on each area up to September 30. Smaller bombing raids and leaflet and reconnais- anco flights are not included.
hopkeepers went out to work on the land or the airport, for their 30s, a week. That was what my father-in-law had to do, for one,
The Germans tried to cover all this up
up by starting
a little galety.
the cinemas, "They reopened t twice a week, nnd Arst they showed one German and one Eng Ilsh firm. But when they had used up all the English films that were in the Channel Islands, they had to be all German alms, to which they put English sub-tiles.
"They also started to show pro- paganda films.
"A friend of mine went to the cinema one night, and saw "The sinking of the Ark Royal, which was supposed to have been taken by the German pilot who 'sank'
her.
The funny thing was that there were a lot of German soldiers in the cinema, and when they came to the propaganda film, most of them yawned and walked out for a drink, coming back when that flm
wns over.
Boycotted Girls
"Another amusement Was the donces that were started In SL George's Hall after the Germans had been in Guernsey for a couple
of weeks. Quite a few of the local people went to those dances,
"Some of the girls, Indeed, ed walking out arm-in-arm with
start-
Vic Germans in the streets.
I sup. pose it was natural, for the Ger mans were a smart looking lot, most of them could speak perfect English, and they were well be- haved.
"But the Guernsey people never could tolerate it. The girls who were seen. walking out
with
the Germans were banned everywhere. One of them was a friend of my daughter's and she had the im- pudence to come to my house.
'Clear out of this, I told her, when
I found her there, 'we don't German girls in this want
any house. That Was the attitude most of the island took towards these girls.
"Mind you, it is the girls we com-. plained about, not the German soldiers. The Germans were under the strictest orders and discipline and, with one exception, they bo- haved perfectly."
TO-MORROW: STARVATION. "AHEAD.
62
5
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