1940-12-27 — Page 19

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[HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

December 27, 1940.

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DEATH

LANG.-Suddenly on Christmas Day at Colombo, Nell Lang, Chief Engineer, Douglas Steamship Co.

The

Friday, Decombor 27, 1940. Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20015

says

In the following article, specially written for the -United Press, the noted acroplane designer and recent recipient of the Harmon Trophy as out. standing airman of 1939, discusses the importance of air power in connection with the fight, between the British and the

Axis nations for domination of the Eastern Mediterran. can, now contred in the battles in Greece and in the Western Desert.

*

In the past any discus- sion of the control of the Mediterranean area revolved around Gibral- tar, Malta, Haifa and Alexandria. But air - power once again, in the unfolding campaign of this crucial area, will recast the old and ac- cepted strategic maps of the world.

WHO MASTERS

AIR

THE

MASTERS THE

MEDITERRANEAN

1.

Little mention, for encircle the British Isles, and in Last April the Germans had and impressive striking power, instance, was made of Crete Greece it is to encircle the Suez determined to deny the British but they are extremely vulner

the use of Scandinavian waters, able to pursuit attacks becauso

Hongkong Telegraph. in the past. Yet to-day that region.

island, to the southeast of Axis control of Crete as an and lacking the necessary sea they lack defensive armament. Greece, seems destined to be aviation stronghold would make power, the Germans could cope Even more important, Mussolini the pivotal point in the the Eastern Mediterranean too with the situation only by lacks the pursuit fighters to con

his bombers effectively. great struggle for Mediter- dangerous for the British fleet. bringing their superior air voy I need by the fangkeng Telegraph" to ranean mastery. That is That is the sense in which Crete strength to the shores of the Hitler must therefore make up the difference by contributing under the provisions of the Trierommuni- where the decisive air battles has become the strategic key North Sca

to the Mediterranean under

enough Messerschmitts and hears the Indication #tipe is received in of the campaign are shap-modern conditions of air power, the United Press Asariations who reing up. One look at the just as the strategic naval Italians have been confronted other fighters to give the Axis

to their with a parpallel problem. The a well-balanced air weapon. either wholly or in part without previous map discloses how Crete, bases were keys

heretofore an inconspicuous particular arcas under conditions superior British fleet was free to But contrary to popular con-- island, viewed to-day of sea power,

THE prefix "Speelat to the Telegraph" Indicate news which in steletiv copyright

cattans intance. tnth, Bach news, as Jonekone on the date of publication by

serve all eleħts and forbid républications,

arrangement,

BRITAIN AND THE U.S.

The increasing warmth of

In the Mediterranean, the

move in neutral but friendly ception, most of the equipment. Greek waters. This interfered of German air power is unable

through the glasses of air THE LESSON OF seriously with Italy's life lines to carry on except at fairly close. power, becomes the logical commanding centre of the

NORWAY

to Lybia and to the Dodecanese range. It is by no means a self- Islands. | Anglo-American relations is one

The Fascist overland suficient air arm, having been campaign against Egypt was built for co-ordinated action. of the most satisfactory features entire eastern half of the We must assume, however, bogging down because of British with land forces. To extend its attendant upon the war in Mediterranean.

that the British high command harassment of the supply lines operations, German ayiation, as It now constituted, must move its Europe. In its political phase Therefore, the ability of has profited from the experience across the Mediterranean. this friendship means of course, the British, with the support of the Norwegian reverses. It therefore became essential, at line of operating bases quite close that our eventual victory is of local Greek forces, to knows that to control Crete it almost any price, to bring Axis to its targets.

The result is that German certain, whereas before the odds hold the island of Crete is must prevent establishment of air force into play against

aviation can advance only as fast as it can move its supplies Greece for Axis operations.

That is why there was an inter- . could not val of more than a month We may between the occupation of fails to surprise the problem of the British now carrier-based aviation) against manage this alone.

it for granted that Norwegian coastal points by the Englishman, that he personally is to hold it against the air land-based enemy aircraft. Un- take was in very bad odour with his offensive that is unquestion-bined Italian and German air ground for the collaboration of Nazi air attack.

less Britain can meet the com- Mussolini is merely clearing the British and their expulsion by American cousin. In fact the ably being prepared by the threat with its own air power, German aviation. The Italian Another such time interval is

were quite heavily against us. thus emerging as the critical nearby airdromes in southern British sea power.

A talk with well informed question in the Mediterra- More important, it has learned AXIS AIR POWER and establish new aerodromes. Americans recently, elicited the nean enigma. Having oc- the crucial lesson that it cannot fact, which characteristically cupied the island, the rely on its fleet air arm (the

never

enemy,

.

Italian aviation

it will be merely a question of bombers-such as the Piaggio, just as unavoidable before the ITALY'S GREAT time before the fleet must re- the Caproni and the Savoia, combined German-Italian avia

tire as it did in the North Sea. Marchetti-have a long reach tion can go after Crete.

MISTAKE

weight of prejudice against him was so heavy that will not all be dissipated for some years. One American lecturer remarked that it is still necessary for him to point out that the Englishman

The occupation of Crete gives Is a complete ass before he gains advantages. The success which the British distinct immediate the sympathy of his audience the British and Greek forces sufficiently to lead on to the use, have scored against Italy to inte America can make of these prompt observers to label the "alooges" for their own pur- | Italian undertaking a "great mis. poscs in fighting Hitler!

By take." such devious means the inherent The fact, of course, is that distrust of Americans for the Italy was led to act in Greece. English must be overcome even just as Germany had to act in to-day when most of the two

Norway, by the logic of their larger plans.. peoples realise that our common happiness can only be gained by

Both enterprises were ne- cessary "next steps" in the ♫ common anti-authoritarian attempt by the Axis to meet front.

British sea supremacy with the The history books on both only counter-weapon they pos- sides of the Atlantic have been 'sess, namely their air power. the most potent sources of In Scandinavia their task was to Anglo-American friction because

they blatantly misled school-attack on the new Soviet, split children as to the course of his- the Irish and so on. The only tory and played up their national anti-British propaganda that can triumphs to the derogation of have much force just now la that other countries. To that vast of the Axis minorities and the bulk of people who never learnt Dies Committee has done much more history than was crammed to.quash them. into them at school, such text books undoubtedly raised a fog of confusion and lies which remained all their lives..

In America there are more European minorities than in any other country and most of them can recall through their mother countries many reasons for die Ilking Britala." "It was Britain who thwarted Dutch dniams

For the rest we shall let the voice of the working man speak to his opposite number across the oceans and let them with un- cultivated tongues, speaking from the forgo and factory where they work long hours un- complainingly to arm democracy against the Axis, tell each other Anglo-American friendship will be of sterner stuff In futuro.

of Empire, amashed Külser That relationship must be part Wilhelm's aspirations, put sance of Mr. Churchill's "new order" tions on Italy, engineered the In Europe.

Barring None

By Burck

"We could skate, over—if it would get cold eno

to freeze the Chandel."

Ün the "Chicago Dally. Timės.“)

COMPLEMENTARY ACTIONS

In both casca costly land operations would have been un- necessary if the Axia had possessed genuine air power, with the range and striking force (bomb loads) entirely possible at the present stage of aeronautic science. We must see to it that the implications of this are fully understood and taken

into consideration by those responsible for the plan- ning of our own' American air defence. They must realize that. there is a big difference between genuine self-dependent gair power and an air force conceived. primarily as an adjunct of sonis other arm. This differenca is. growing even bigger with the rapid progress of aeronautics...

Overwhelming British naval superiority in the Mediterranean will be as irrelevant as it proved. to be in the Norwegian campaign. The air factor will tell the story. A Much will depend, obviously, on the incasure in which Church- chill can divert air force from the battle of Britain to reinforce the Mediterranean positions, In that sense the battle of Britain complements the Greek came nalan. That is the chief reason. in fact, why Hitler must keep up his attack on the British Isles,

- (Copyright 1940, t

Press)