1940-12-27 — Page 11

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HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

December 27, 1940.

Major

Alexander P.

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In the following article, specially written for the United Press, the noted acroplane designer and recent recipient of the Harmon Trophy as standing airman of 1939, discusses the importance of air power in connection with the fight between the Axis British and the nations for domination of the Eastern Mediterran. ean, now contred in the battles in Greece and in the Western Desert.

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The

In the past any discus- WHO MASTERS

sion of the control of the Mediterranean area revolved around Gibral- tar, Malta, Haifa and Alexandria. But air power once again, in the unfolding campaign of this crucial area, will recast the old and ac- cepted strategic maps of the world.

Thongkong Telegraph. in the past. Yet to-day that region.

Friday, December 27, 1940.. Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20615

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BRITAIN AND THE U.S.

The increasing warmth of Anglo-American relations is one of the most satisfactory features attendant upon the war in Europe. In its political phase

AIR

THE

MASTERS THE

MEDITERRANEAN

of sea power.

10

NORWAY

under

hold the island of Crete is must prevent establishment of air

Greece for Axis operations.

and

aviation can advance only as fast as it can move its supplies-

Little mention, for encircle the British Isles, and in Last April the Germans had and impressive striking power, instance, was made of Crete Greece it is to encircle the Suez determined to deny the British but they are extremely vulner- the use of Scandinavian waters, able to pursuit attacks because island, to the southeast of Axis control of Crete as an and lacking the necessary sea they lack defensive armament. Greece, seems destined to be aviation stronghold would make power, the Germans could cope Even more important, Mussolini the pivotal point in the the Eastern Mediterranean too with the situation only, by lacks the pursuit fighters to con- thoir superior air voy his bombers effectively. TEEP, prenx "special to the Telegraph great struggle for Mediter dangerous for the British fleet. bringing Hard by the Affanekeng Telegraph to ranean mastery. That is That is the sense in which Crete strength to the shores of the Hitler must therefore make up the differched by contributing under the provisions of the Telecommunk where the decisive air battles has become the strategic key North Sea.

to the Mediterranean

Messerschmitte bears the Indication "Up is received in of the campaign are shap-modern conditions of air power,

In the Mediterranean, the enough the tinied Press Ascaristions, who reing up. One look at the just as the strategic naval Italians have been confronted other fighters to give the Axis

were koya their with a purpallel problem. The a well-balanced air weapon.

But contrary to popular con- either wholly or in part without previous map discloses how Crete, bases

heretofore an inconspicuous particular areas under conditions superior British fleet was free to

move in neutral but friendly ception, most of the equipment. island, viewed to-day

Greek, waters. This interfered of German air power is unable through the glasses of air THE LESSON OF seriously with Italy's life lines to carry on except at fairly close to Lybia and to the Dodecanese range. It is by no means a self- power, becomes the 'logical

Islands, The Fascist overland suflicient air arm, having been commanding centre of the

campaign against Egypt was built for co-ordinated action entire eastern half of the

We must assume, however, bogging down because of British with land forces. To extend its Mediterranean.

that the British high command harassment of the supply lines operations, German aviation, as It now constituted, must move its Therefore, the ability of has profited from the experience across the Mediterranean, this friendship means of course, the British, with the support of the Norwegian reverses. It therefore became essential, at line of operating bases quite close that our eventual victory is of local Greek forces, to knows that to control Crete it almost any price, to bring Axis to its targets.

The result is that German force into play against certain, whereas before the odds were quite heavily against us. thus emerging as the critical nearby airdromes in southern British sea power.

A talk with well informed question in the Mediterra-More important, it has learned AXIS AIR POWER and establish new aerodromes. That is why there was an inter- Americans recently, elicited the nean enigma. Having oc- the crucial leason that it cannot

could not val of more than a month fact, which characteristically cupied the island, the rely on Its fleet air arm (the

We may between the occupation of never fails to surprise the problem of the British now carrier-based aviation) against manage this alone.

it for granted that Norwegian constal points by the Englishman, that he personally is to hold it against the air land-based enemy aircraft. Un take was in very bad odour with his offensive that is unquestion-bined Italian. and German air ground for the collaboration of Nazi air attack.

less Britain can meet the com- Mussolini is merely clearing the British and their expulsion by American cousin. In fact the ably being prepared by the threat with its own air power, German aviation. The Italian Another such time interval is weight of prejudice against him was so heavy that it will not all be dissipated for some years. One American lecturer remarked. that it is still necessary for him to point out that the Englishman the British distinct immediate The occupation of Crete gives is a complete ass before he gains advantages. The success which the sympathy of his audience the British and Greek forces sufficiently to lead on to the use have scored against Italy to date America can make of these prompt observers to label the "stooges" for their own pur | Italian undertaking a "great mis. poses in fighting Hitler! By such devious means the inherent distrust of Americans for the English must be overcome oven to-day when most of the two peoples realise that our common happiness can only be gained by IL common anti-authoritarian front.

The history books on both sides of the Atlantic have been

enemy.

Italian aviation

it will be merely a question of hombers-such as the Piaggio, just as unavoidable before the ITALY'S GREAT tire as it did in the North Sea.

time before the fleet most re- the Caproni and the Savoia- combined German-Italian aviu-

Marchetti-have a long reach tion can go after Crete.

COMPLEMENTARY ACTIONS

take."

MISTAKE

The fact, of course, in that Italy was led to act in Greece, just as Germany had to act in Norway, by the logic of their larger plans,

Both enterprises were ne. cessary "next stepu" in the attempt by the Axis to meet British sea supremacy with the only counter-weapon they pos- вess, namely their air power.

the most potent sources of In Scandinavia their task was to Anglo-American friction because

they blatuatly misled school- | attack on the new Soviet, split chlidren as to the course of his the Irish and so on. The only

tory and played up their national anti-British propaganda that can triumphs to the derogation of, have much forco just now is that other countries. To that vast bulk of people who never learnt moro history than was crammed to quash them. into them at school, such text

of the Axis minorities and the Dies Committee has done much

For the rest wo shall let the

books undoubtedly raised a fog | voice of the working man speak of confusion and lies which to his opposite number across remained all their lives,

the oceans and let them with un- In America there are. more cultivated tongues, speaking Europoon' aunorities than in any from the forge and factory other country and most of them where they work long hours un- can recall through their mother complainingly to arm democracy. countries many reasons for dis- against the Axis, tell each other liking Britain. It was Britain Anglo-American friendship will who thwarted 'Dutch dreams be of sterner stuff in future of Empire, smashed: Kaiser | That relationship must be vart Wilhelm's aspirations, put sanc-of Mr. Churchill's "new order". tions on Italy, engineered the in Europe.v

Barring None

By Burck

"We could skote over-if it would get cold enough.

to freeze the Channel,”

(In the "Chicopp. Daily Times.")

In both cases costly land operations would have been un- ∙necessary if the Axis hád possessed genuine alr power, with the range and striking force (bomb loads) entirely possible at the present stage of aeronautic science.. We must see to it that the implications of this. are fully understood and taken into consideration by those responsible for the plant- ning of our own American nir defence. They must realize that there is a big difference between genuine self-dependent nir power and an air force conceived primarily us an adjunct of some other arm. This lifforcheo is growing even bigger with the rapid progress of aeronautics.

Overwhelming ' British naval superiority in tão Mediterranean will be as irrelevant as it proved to be In the Norwegian' campaign. The air factor will tell the story.

Much will depend, obviously. on the measure in which Church- chill can divert air force from the battle of Britain to reinforce the Mediterranean positions. In that, senso the battle of Britain complements, the Greek cam- asion. That is the chief ronson, in fact, why Hitler must keep up his attack on the British Isles.

(Copyright 1940, by United

Press):

.