1940-12-20 — Page 4

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HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

December 20, 1940.

Factors Warfare

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Phone: 27778-0

The

By

Limiting In Air

“Britannicus ”.

Every Englishman is to- day an amateur strategist in air warfare. He is bound to be so. His daily routine depends on the course of the war which. he hears and sometimes sees→→→→ going on over his head.

Few amateur commentators, howover, take fully into account what is, perhaps the most im portant of all aspects of air warfare. This is the existence of a chain of separate limite- tions on the volume of a belli- gerent's air attack.

Consider a day in the life of a bombing neroplane which is due to make a night attacks on enemy territory. It is closely overhauled by mechanics. It is Stubbs Rd. loaded with bombs and its tanks filled with petrol. It is taxied out to the run-way, and its crew climb aboard. It waits its turn to take off while other 'planes taking part in the opera-I tions sail away into the night. For hours it flies through vary- ing wenther conditions; it reaches its goal, drops its bombs, and returns. On the aerodrome the ground-crew again take over, and the cycle begins again.

Hongkong Telegraph.

Friday, December 20, 1940. Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20615

THE prefix "Apecial to the Telegraph" is used by the longkong Telegraph to under the provisions of the Telecommuni- Calons Ordinance, 1936. Such moTV bears the indication "UP" is received în Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Araociations, who re- serve all rights and forbid republications, either wholly or in part without previous arrangement.

Indicate news which is strictly copyright

THE NEW SITUATION

SOME three weeks ago the "Tele- graph" voiced the possibility that Italy would havo to be wary of German domination of her own ter- ritory if she was unable to make a success of her self-chosen campaigns overseas in North Africa and Greece. Since then the weaker end of the Axis has been very roughly used by the British and Greeks and the in- evitable rumours of armistice and Nazi troops arriving to lend assist- ance have found their way into print with, of course, immediate denials. The position has changed radical-

ly that the entire aspect of the wor in the Middle East has to be looked at from another angle and with that goes a reconstruction of the Axis spring" campaign with its new im- plications for Britain and France.

General Graziant would seem to have encompassed his own downfall by extending his lines against weak British opposition to Sidt Barroni when he had no intention of going further. If he had kept his enormous forces in Libya they would have tied British forces to Egypt effective- ly, but by seeking the prestige of on easy advance he put himself in a position from which he has been driven out with substantial physical

and moral losses.

In our case it will be worth while attempting to drive the Italians right out of North Africa because wo have a fleet that can keep them out. Abyssinia, Italian Somaliland and former British Somaliland can, at the present, be Ignored as they will eventually fall into our hands when we are completely successful in Libya. There, is every possibility that by, then the Free French move ment will have claimed present pro- Vichy parts of North Africa; certain ly no active hostility need be feared from those territories.

Winter and the Greeks are giving

SEVEN POINTS

A simple routine, yet it in- dicates at least seven limiting factors upon the volume of air attack which can be consistent-

FEARNAUGHTS AND CROSSES

Distance to be covered in A modern heavy bomber reaching vital enemy objec- needs a long take-off into the tives

wind. One run-way of a great Obviously cach limiting factor aerodrome alone may be used. ly mounted by any belligerent has also a "quality component" The total number of minutes power. They are:

skill of the personnel, during which aeroplanes can Total number of aircraft speed and reliability of planes, take off from that aerodrome on possessed

scientific quality of fuel and a particular operation is res- Supply of pilots and air armament, location of acro- tricted by the distance that they

crews.

Supply of petrol fuel Number and size of avail- able aerodromes

ACCUSED

-the

dromes, weather normally en- must cover during darkness, or

ESSENCE OF MATTER

Squabble Over Antarctica

Supply of skilled ground countered en route. These, by other circumstances. Divide (By United Press Science Service); crews and repairers

however, are short run, they are that number by the necessary! It begins to look as though. Supply of bombs or other determined and unchangeable. time-interval between each take- Antarctica and Its penguins will ammunition

They cannot be turned into off, and you have the number of have to be parcelled out at last bottlenecks choking the whole, aeroplanes that can take part into nations of the earth when effort of air attack..

the action from that aerodrome. surviving powers reshuffle ter- It may be 40 or 60-a large ritorial possessions after this Each of the quantitative fac number, but a limiting factor war. tors may become a bottleneck. when operations are conceived No less than ten countries, It will avail an air force nothing in terms of seɣeral hundreds. if it has an immense number of

including now Chile and Argen- tinn, have put in claims for ple- aircraft, all the petrol and bombs it wants, plenty of good

shaped wedges or other areas of This is only an illustration. Antarctica. Claims overlap and advanced aerodromes, yet fs The essence. of the matter is clash, as in the case of Nazi- short-of-trained pilots. The that an enemy air force may be Germany mapping and planting pilots will be impotent if they crippled by narrowing any one flags in 230,000 square miles of are not matched by adequate of the bottlenecks, however the Far South in 1939, in the ground crewя,

wide may be the others. Here is one of the prime elements in long before had proclaimed same region whore Norway not AERODROME FACTOR One bottleneck which may be attacks on German petrol sup- Crown Princess Martha Land. present-day air warfare. The sovereignty and given the name critically important is little plics by the British Air Force realised by the public: This is are an outstanding example of the aerodrome factor.

It comes these tactics. By this means, Chile has laid claim to a sector A woman charged with triple to everyone's notice in extreme or by its heavy losses of pilots Including Little. America, the murder at the Old Bailey re- cases,

the Norway in the muss air battles over area between 53 and 90 degrçes cently was stated to be suffering campaign, when the Allied England, the German air force West Longitude is actually east from lapses of memory.

were overwhelmingly may be crippled despite its fly of Little America, mainly in the She was Mrs Florence Iris dromes whatever; but it is con- and its geographical advantage tic pic.. This brings Chile into handicapped by having no aero- ing start in numbers of planes Falkland sector of the Antarc Ouida Ransom, 34-year-old secre- stantly operating to limit action since the invasion of the Low conflict with claims of Great tary of Piddington, near Bices-in the air. ter, and the defence successfully

Countries and France. applied for her trial to be post- poned until next sessions.

OF THREE MURDERS Woman's 'Lapses of Memory'

Mrs Ransom is charged with the murder of Mrs Dorothy Sanders Fisher (46), her daughter, Miss Freda Ann Fisher (20), and their house- Miss Charlotte Saunders keeper, gunshot wounds in a cottage named (48), who were found dead with Crittenden, at Matfield, near Ton- bridge, on July 9.

Mr Stuart Homer, defending, said | he made the application so that Mrs

Ransom might be examined by an

the Italians a great deal of punish-independent neurologist with a view

to ascertaining her medical history.

Judge's Reply

ment in Albania and they can look for no relief. The Royal Air Force will deliver harder blows as more machines become available and the She had been in soveral hospitals, Greek military machino-which do- and the defence was trying to trace: spite its successes did not lay claim

elementsaredness of its Axir

to the ren

and numerous.

ther

become more emelent

those records. He had been instruct-

ed that the medical history dated almost from her birth.

་་་

Mr Justice Hallett: Hysteria and a desire for publicity, or what?

A question to decide will be who

to meet German assistance with

Mr. Horner: No, my lord. Lapses corresponding British support for basic source.

for of memory which may be due to a the Greeks with the risk of tuming the Balkans into a major battlefeld, Hitler will no doubt remember that his cousin Joseph will be on hand in any such game to take over the

The judge replled that he did not understand lapses of memory.

odd piece of land here and there, of them whilo Hitler was busy on and that is not at all to his liking, the other side of Europe. Hitlar must ensure that he has not These dreams are shattered now antagonised Stalia when ho strains and the "new order" must find itself all his resources to Invado Britain, or when Britain breaks in his front blir part yet in the outcome of this new material. France may play a door. Italy, well established Greece, would have proved her war. The Nazis would cripple the worth and could

could have been given a best part of their fighting machine) large share of the spoils of France in attempting to enslave the whole to set herself up in the Balkans ns of France, so that conciliation is Hitler's Ileutenant, to pacify the

in

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worried small nations there and necessary to save more expenditure evan to stiffen them into a blog of force, and to retain the obedience strong, enough to keep Stalin's hands of French overseas possessions.

forces

such ឆម

GRIN AND BEAR IT

DRAFT

BOARD

ASFIBER

PRIS

"Got any crutchas, Buddy?"!!

Despite first reports that

Britain and Chile's own neigh- bour, Argentina.

Parts of the vast Antarctic

from world conflicts, arc claimed by Norway, Germany, France, Great Britain, the United States, Japan, Chile, Argentina, Australia and New Zealand. It is generally ex- pected that eventually an inter- national commission will gather

By Lichty continent, seemingly so remoted

to decide the knotty problem of cutting the continent into pie wedges, or breaking it into ir- regular chunks and awarding the pieces.

Divided Like A Pie Countrics that border the South Polar continent lean to the argument that the continent should be divided like a pic, and sectors awarded to the nearest nations, if such nations claim them. Chile and Argentina are pressing this point, though ns. rivals..

Countries that have engaged in. discovery and scientific exploration on the Antarctic continent arguo that

ped

the land should be parcelled out to countries that have discovered; 'map-

and explored it, as other con tinent have been. Antarctica are

Nations claiming running true to form in making grand gestures, as discovering nationa always have done

done, Chile - claims sector of Antarctica on the grounds. that the Chilean Ander mountains submerge, and then rise again as part of the Antarctic.continent," and therefore aven In Antarctica these mountaina are part of Chille,

a