1940-12-04 — Page 4

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December 4, 1940.

ALAN HOUGHTON BRODRICK

discusses some of the political possibilities which lie behind the establishment of a foothold in France's Far Eastern possession by Japan, with particular reference to

THAILAND'S

"YOU see," said the smil-

ing, suave Siamese that success, but it is more officer, speaking in excellent

luxurious. It has been still further improved in appearance, English, "they understand riding comfort, appointments and when I talk to them in Siamese; they are the same

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DESIGNS

for share in

INDO-CHINA

States and the Burmoso Shan States should be one. With re- gard to the French, howover, whose prestige has sunk to its nadir, the Thailanders, threaten that if their demands are not met the non-aggression treaty, will not be ratified.

J

Even in present circumstances they would hardly have dared to

use such language were they not sure of the support of powerful do not, of course, do anything friends. The powerful friends

mountain-country near the with heavy burdens slung from their protectorate of Canibodia bamboo shoulder-poles, the joss the two provinces of Buttam Tongking-Chinese frontier. houses, the spirit-screens, the bang and Siem-Reap, in the

far-reaching paddy fields.

and latter

of which is situated for nothing. The speaker was a mem- sugar-cane plantations and the

Angkor. ber of the Siamese military dusty, dry, aromatic smell of

China. mission which toured French around you on the wide, mostly of Siam to Thailand the Bangkok Suddenly you look By the changing of the name Indo-China in the early part uncultivated plains dotted with Government tacitly staked its bottle-boled sugar-palms. The of last year. As the general country-side no longer heaves claim to the control of all the commanding the French with hundreds of thousands of lands inhabited by speakers of forces said to me after the busy figures. You are among a the Thai languages. At the Thailanders had left, "We few leisurely, strolling, smiling time the claim seemed ambitious, people, taller, more bronzed, but the swift march of events showed them all there was more muscular, more like our looks like making at least part of to see," and then he added selves.

the Siamese dream into a reality. to the west.

Almost simultaneously with Wednesday, Decembar 4, 1940, cryptically, "even more than

the Japanese demands on the there was to see."

French-demands for the pas-

The

Hongkong Telegraphı.

Wyndham St., Hongkong

Telephone: 20615

THE prex "special to the Telegraph

Is ales by the "longkong Telegraph" to

indicate new which is strictly copyright

under the provisions of the Telecommuni- rations Ordinance. 1939, Buch news u bears the indication "Up" is received is Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who, re- serve all rights and forbid repablications, aither wholly or in part without previons arrangement.

Question of Retaliation

THE German Luftwaffe has laid the inoffensive city of Southampton in ruins, killing and wounding hundreds of non- combatant civilians and render- ing thousands more homeless. This act serves once again to remind one of the utter bar- barity of modern warfare as practised by the Huris. Coming so swiftly, too, upon the "hor- Tor" bombings of Coventry, Liverpool, Birmingham and London, the old argument as to whether Britain

should -should-not-indulge in-reprisals of a like nature is immediately re- surrected.

or

The Cambodians seem to have but little to do. They sit, with a sash tied about their waists, and One wonders if the subtle watch their impish children play. Siamese were as gullible as in Buddhist monks with shaven their politeness they seemed, heads move slowly by, clad in

canary-coloured admired the robes. They certainly

admirable network of good roads with which the French have criss-crossed Indo-China, especi- ally as Sium is an almost road- less country; but the Thailand- cra could hardly have spent several weeks in French terri- tory without, having formed a very shrewd idea of the disaffec-

tion of the native Annamese population and of the naval and military weakness of the French in their Far Eastern dominion.

"Thailand'

Soon after the Siamese mili tary mission had returned home the name of their country was officially changed to "Thailand," and the change was no academic one.

mere

"Indo-China" is a word that' suggests a mingling of India and China, but as a matter of fact the French Indo-Chinese Union was a political entity with no geographical, cultural or histori- cal basis. The French posses- sions fell into two sharply con- trasted parts.

The

ELEGRAPH

NAL EDITION

THAI

AND

Slam is strategically and eco- est importance. Although it is nomically a country of the high- wedged in between French and British territory in the north and bounded by the frontier of British Malaya in the extreme south, the Siamese section of the Malay peninsula has outlets on both scas-the China Sea to the cast and the Gulf of Bengal

rumours

Kra Canal Rumours Although all the about the cutting of the Kra canal to connect the two sena can be, for the moment, diere- garded; some progress has been made with the construction, of a highway neroas the peninsula from Chumphon on the east to Kraburi on the west, with an extension to the tin centre, Renong..

A beginning has already been achieved towards the equipment of two small naval bases which might be suitable for submar- incs, and at least one of these, Singora, on the Gulf of Siam, about 160 miles north of the British Malaya frontier, has been demanded on lease by the Japanese. We shall no doubt hear more of this after the "good will" mission has returned from Tokyo.

The Japanese in control of the naval bases at Haiphong in Tongking, Tourane and Camranh In Annam and installed in the Malay peninsula would be mas- ters of the coasts of the China- Sea and the not too distant neighbours of Singapore.

Economically Siam is under- developed. More than four- fifths of the 15,000,000. inhabit- ants are rice growers, and the Japanese, pressed by the urgent problem of finding a substitute for American cotton, mean to make the Thailanders switch over to cotton cultivation at least in part. French Indo- China alone can meet the Japa- nese needs for Imported rice. sage of troops, Thailand's rubber production can and the "leasing" be immensely increased. There of air and naval bases that en- are almost inexhaustible sup tirely change the status of Indo- plies of hard woods. The north- China and open that country to ern hills are probably rich in Japanese penetration and influ- minerals, and Siam lies right ence the Siamese also present athwart the tin belt of eastern ed their claims.

Asia.

The

INDO-CHINA FACE WAR

SERIOUS SITUATIO ITALIANS DEFEAT

NGUINARY BAT

If numbers are taken into account the "retaliationists" are fairly certain to be in the majority; many of them are just longing for it. Among their

From the bend of the Mekong arguments is this; in the last border the eastern bulge of river (where it curves round to war the Germans were guilty of Siamese territory) down to its first using gas, à treacherous delta, the great stream divides and brutal deed. To have al- roughly what is "Indian" by lowed our soldiers to be thus culture from what is "Chinese" by civilisation. Northwards the victimised without protection line of cultural division follows would have been intolerable. the crest of the mountains so as Therefore, the Allics were to leave within the "Indian" zone forced to use the same weapon, all the Laos country.,

houses are brilliantly tiled and and they gave the Huns more The transition from the one are carved with the figures of than they received. The wind zone to the other is most marked the magic world of Indian factor was generally in favour when you go westwards from mythology. The wayside signs

Bangkok Government of the Allies, and probably the Cochin-China (that is "Little are written in an alphabetic wants a frontier rectification in enemy regretted that they had China") into Cambodia. Within writing remotely akin to our the Savannakhet region, the started this vile breach of Inter-world. You have crossed the own. The country reeks

few miles, you are in a new. dividing line between the Far wood-smoke and the hot, spicy East and the Middle East.

-

China Into India

odours of India.

You have left the Far East. The Siamese by the end of the 18th century had become the dominant people from the moun- tains of Annam to the Burmese frontier..

Japan's

Aim

Real

national law. But before the war was over they had covered themselves with infamy in their cold-blooded disregard of all law.

Another argument and one' that opens up a wide field of controversy is that there are You leave the little Chinese- no German civilians. According looking huts with their good- to the Nazi philosophy, all Ger- luck streamers of red paper in mans, men, women and children, scribed with Chinese characters. The old European maps, in belong body and soul, to the thon and women under limpet fact, show all that is now Siam the little Mongoloid black-clad State machinery alike for war | hats who totter unsmilingly and French Indo-China divided and peace. The only civilians along the road weighed down between the "Empire of Annam" in Germany are in the concen-

and the "Empire of Stam.” tration, camps and prisons.

Retaliation for the sheer sake of it has always been abhorent to the Englishman's nature; he profers to keep his fighting clean. But just as the Huns in the last war forced the Allies Into adopting German methods, and rued the day: accordingly, so will Hitler, if he persists in

of cession of the huge and poten- tially valuable Lacs country, and the retrocession of the Battam- Japan's plan for the moment. bang and Slem-Reap provinces, seems to be economic predomin- Nothing is as yet said about ance until the Chinese situation Cambodia, formerly a tributary has been in some way cleared up. State of the Siamese.

The long-distance plans of the Japancso undoubtedly comprise demands were made with the

There is little doubt that these political control. approval of the Japanese, and Tokyo would like to ace back they wore probably made at the again the Ideal state of things instigation of the Tokyo Govern- portrayed, on the old maps: ment as part of their schemes "Empire of Annam," under a for a "New Order in Asia." This puppet emperor like another year the Siamese Military Mis Manchukuo, and "Empire of sion, under the command of the Slam"as much an economic, Vice-Minister for National De- and, consequently, a political, fence, has gone to Japan on a dependency as the Japanese hope. his present terrorising tactics. After the occupation of Indo- "good will" errand and arrived to make North China. demand and receive, the Wrath- China by the French and the In Tokyo on Sept. 20.

It remains to be seen how the ful vengeance of the British air establishment of our suzerainty A short time ago the Thailand little peoples of the south-east force. The thought of Europe's over Burma, the continued exis. Government signed non-aggres- will like the ruthless methods of loveliest cities being laid waste tence of Siam as an independent alon treaties with their neigh Nippon. As a shrewd 'Anna- is repellent, but if Hitler ima- State was due to Anglo-French bours, Great Britain and France, meae once said to me, "We fear gines that by doing this to Eng-rivalry in the nineties of the claim to any British controlled are like ourselves, Orientals, we The Slamoso have no sort of the Japanese because, since they land he can win the war, Britain last century. At the beginning territory, although some of the shall never be able to hide from will be bound to prove to him, by of this century the French wilder men in Bangkok have them what we think, what we retaliation, that he is wrong.. forced the Siamese to cede; to hinted that the Siamese Shan desire, and what we hope to do,”

יי.