1940-10-24 — Page 19

Thursday,

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9-17

MAGAZINE

October 24, 1940.

By Walt Disney

PAGE

The Fifth Column Philippines Promise

3 Demoralisation Caused French Debacle

By Col. William J. Donovan and Edgar Mowrer.

The masterpiece of the "fifth column". was un- questionably the French debacle. Here everything that Hitler had promised came to pass with almost mathematical precision.

He did not strike until he was in touch with certain im- portant Frenchmen who were ready to treat with him. He needed but one swift blow.

He terrified the soldiers by his noise-making engines, he demoralised the officers by the surprise and power of his at- bewildered the tacks, he

generals by the daring of his strategic conceptions, he troubled the entire population by his radio propaganda that insisted that Prance was be- ing betrayed by Britain and by the French

gera.

"war-mon-

He spread horrible rumours through villages, issued fear- some reports by wireless, and then, when the populations had congested the ronda in their flight, machine-gunned them to heighten their panic. his agents Meanwhile, within France, presumably by clandestine wireless senders, kept him informed of what was going on and he could thus choose the precise mo- ment for Italy's entrance into the war when French disarray was at its climax.

As a result France was not

benten far only

more fur more thoroughly and casily than Poland, but unlike Poland, France cracked mor- ally as well and a new set of leaders sought to purchase the German's mercy, if not his respect, by submission to France's conquerors.

Admittedly this could not have been accomplished save during a low ebb in French history. The French masses were increasingly remember- ing the experiments of the Popular Front Government of 1936-37, the latter resentful of the attempted Fascist coup d'etat in 1934 and the un- punished "Cagoulard" Fascist conspiracy later.

the peculiar Morcover. French form of parliamentary government was creaking and the bulk of the people had lost in their nearly all faith

leaders. This enabled Hitler (and Mussolini as well) to keep up propaganda pressure,

the often through

Com- munists, and prevent the out- put in the armament Indus- trics from ever reaching a satisfactory level.

The crucial test justifled all Hitler's efforts: When the French soldiers had a chance of fighting on equal terms, they fought fairly well; when nothing but heroism could have made up for superior German equipment, the Fernch infantry, repeatedly deserted by their officers, molted away.

the

What happened to French officers? Simply this: For the most part they had

Third of a series of dispatches on "fifth column" activities in Europe as released by Secretary of Navy Frank Knox.

And a majority of cynical And

cowardly politicians rushed their country into one of the most contemptible aur- renders on record. Just as Adolf Hitler had said they would.

What of Hitler's "fifth column" in Great Britain? Short of the supreme test, it is impossible to say for sure. censed to believe in freedom,

What is evident is that during of the

the appeasement period, the any democracy or

Germans spun alone could

a web of slogans which galvanize the entire country.

friendship for Nazi Germany among the more gullible or

· While

exactly not

dissatisfied members of the Fascist (and certainly not ruling class. pro-German), they were hos- tile to the Third Republic: many had come to believe that an authoritarian regime like that of Italy and Germany was really preferable.

pro-

It would, they thought, save the position of the privileged classes; and really Save France from the disagreeable necessity of defending itself. If there was to be a war, then let it be against the Bolshe- viks.

In other words, at least half and perhaps the majority of influential French citizens had come to believe what Hit- ler wanted them to believe.

How hadHitler-nc- complished this? By patient activity. For years his agents in France, Friedrich Sicburg the author, Otto Abetz, "pro- French" consuls like Nolde, many others, had "worked" the French leaders.

When necessary they were assisted by beautiful women: The Baroness von Einem, the Princess von Hohenlohe and others of lesser brilliance.

They "got in" with certain of those leading French vo- men who, at the moment of defeat, 'exercised such a de- vastating influence on certain French statesmen. They went everywhere, saw everybody, came to know everything, dipped into French politica through scandalously venal French newspapers.

To the weak and the cynical they preached defeatism; to the unsuccessful, hatred of the Jew; to all the possibility of living on good terms with Germany, if only France would break relations with the Bolsheviks and "money- minded" Britain, cease med- dling in Central and Eastern Europe and propitiate the Italians by the gift of some “unimportant" French ter- ritories.

✩ मै

UP-

For years this sort of thing went on more or less in broad

the daylight. During peasement period the Ger- mans were actually aided by certain members of the Bri- tish Embassy in Paris.

Not until two months be fore the outbreak of the war did anyone dare to take action ngainst the numerous German agents-and then the vacil- lating Daladier talked big and did little.

A hesitant officer class brought about sure defeat for the army. The army's dofoat frightoned the army leaders lest the soldiers seck scapoń goats among the generals.

It is obviously triumph in so proud a country as Britain to have created even so weak a satellite party as the British Union Of Fascists. Organisations like The Link, the Angio-German Fellow-

the ship,

Christian Fellowship, duped any number of highly placed Englishmen.

Female members of British society were induced to look kindly upon Hitler's aims by the flattering attention of handsome young German aris- tocrats. British visitors to Germany never lacked con- genial guides.

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Washington Talks

Special to the "Telegraph"

WASHINGTON, Oct. 23 (UP)—Reaffirmation of the Philip- pines' promise to co-operate with the United States in the de fence of her Far Eastern interests was given to-day to Colonel Henry Stimson, Secretary of War, by Senor Elizalde, the Resi- dent Philippines Commissioner in Washington and Senor Jose Yulo, Speaker of the Philippines House of Assembly.

It is stated that the Philip-1 pines officials had a cordial con- ference with Colonel Stimson to whom they presented President

ROOSEVELT

Quezon's promise to co-operate OPENS HIS

in every way with the United States defence scheme.

CAMPAIGN

Labouring For Peace PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 23 (Reuter)."It is for peace that

It is understood they discussed the broad outline of the Far East de- fence problems and stressed that 150,000 trained Filipino militia who, for two years had been under the personal direction of the former Chief of Staff of the United States Army, General McArthur, would be avail-I shall labour for all the days of able if needed.

my life," declared President Sonnt

Elizalde submitted to Colonel Roosevelt opening his election Stimson the obvious fogle of sending campaign here to-night. materials and equipment lo, the

The President accused the Re- Philippines in order to

propa- militia as a part of the United States publicans of importing the

ganda methods of "Dictatof countries" defence forces in that area.

occurring simul- to convince the public that he would The conferencecences in Manda lead the United States into war. taneously with between the United States defence Broadcasting from the same Con- which he was Leaders and President Quezon, has vention Hall in increased the growing certainty that nominated

arm

the

1938

in which the United States intends to utilize Wendell Wilkie was nominated this

President declared the Philippines as a strategle base in year, the

that

the defence of her Far East interests. since July hardly a day or night had

Planes For Philippines

SPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH WASHINGTON, Oct. (UP).--

23

sothe

passed "when some crisis or possibility of a crisis in world affairs has not called for my personal con-

The fact that the British police found it necessary to arrest a mem- ber of parliament, Captain Ram- say, on the charge of having tran-Humiliton Field are being transferred adhere to a rule never to be more

The War Department announced to-ference with the Secretary of State day that two pursult squadrons, one d other officials of the Government, "Therefore it is essential that I Selfridge Field and one from

smitted to the German legation at treasonable information

Dublin given him by Tyler Kent, cipher clerk at the American Embassy in London, would seem to show that

some

of the many finely spun threads from Berlin to London still 'remain. One hears hints of n per- sistent "pro-Germanism" in the London city.

But it must be stated emphatic- ally that the vast majority of the Briush, unlike the French, under- went radical

ical change of heart after it became apparent that itler had duped Chamberlain at Munich, al- though there were still appeasers rendy to try to bribe the Nazis to be good with a Hudson-Wohlthat plan for economic concessions to Germany.

Moreover, with British patriotism at the white heat of to-day under threat of imminent invasion, the fate of confessed "Afth columnists" in Britain would be short and un- enviable.

This time the British police wore prepared for the war. At the opening of hostilities they jailed some 400 of the best German agents. Later raids tended to show that the backbone of the organisa- Hon was broken then. The in- Voluntary confinement of over a thousad Britishers, mostly followers of Mosley, further cleared the air.

J

M

M

All in all, foreigners in Britain have the impression that the several branches of the competent British police are masters of the situation, and that the British soul was never really tainted by Nazi propaganda.

Everyone listens to Lord Haw How but his words arouse more Inughter than belief. A nation that faces mortal perll with the grim Joke: "Well, at least Britain has reached the finals!" seems sound.

Nonetheless, many foreigners be- lieve that if the worst should hop- pen and on Invasion of Britain occur, some positive and hitherto unrevealed fruits of Hitler's

pro- paganda would appear in the shape of a not entirely insignificant Bri- tig "Afth column".

This like the French, would and why Britain numerous reasons should rather "come to lerma" with Hiller than continue single-handed: a desperate struggle, the outcome of which is bound to contain some social change..

ን!

Whether such a "Ofth column" could as in France come to supreme power is quite another story.

from

to the Philippines

or

Falsifications

than 12 hours.distant from Washing The announcement of the transfer ton."

two pursuit squadrons to the nes followed Colonel Stlin- Philippines

But the time had come for him to son's conference with Senores answer falsifications with facts. He Elizalde and Yule regarding defences. declared that many of the statements The destination of the 110 combina- by the Republicans must be "de- tion divebomber-fighter planes which liberate falsifications" declaring that facts were originally built for Sweden is wilful misrepresentations of now reported to be the Philippines. were not permissible during a cam- It is also recalled that some planes paign or at any other time and citing enroute to Thailand were

permissible various subjects campaigners. quisitioned at Manlia.

Air Corps headquarters said the standard size pursuit squadron is about 60 officers and between 200 and 300 enlisted men. They said the 17th squadron which is leaving Selfridge Field, Michigan, is probably about

that strength.

also

Gayda's New Fairy Tale

re-

fai

"But it is an entirely different thing for any Party or any candidate to state, for example, that the Presi. dent of the United States telephoned Mussolini and Hitler to sell Czecho- Slovakia down the river, or that the unemployed of the nation are going to be put into concentration camps ог that the present Government American de- end of mocracy within four years.

"You know that all these state- ments are untrue.

cans the means

UTO

Mr. Roosevelt said that the Ameri- SPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH" can people would not be stampeded ROME, Oct. 23 (UP) Signor into a panic and they would not be blitzkrieg of Gaydn, writing in the "Giornale swept away "by this

the 'Italia" sild the six warships which verbal Incendiary bombs," nd were torpedoed in the Red Sea DS continued "verbal bombshells" which mentioned in yesterday's communique the Republican leaders have

this people. were sunk, ali crews and reinforce loaded on

Roosevelt Campaign ments aboard were drowned, and all

NEW YORK, Oct. 23 (Reuter).--- war materials and equipment were

open his lost.

President Roosevelt will According to dispatches from Mas-election campaign with a speech at saw the drowned soldiers were Philadelphia to-night. mainly New Zealanders and the war material which was lost was mainly pare parts for motorized units from the United States.

Central Europe Quakes

(Reuter) —

Many People Injured LONDON. Oct. 23 According to the Bucharest press, many persons wero

injured in

anrthquakes on Tuesday, and there

His speech will be broadcast and will be followed by others at New York on October 29, Washington on October 30 and Cleveland on Novem ber, 2.

On November 4-election eve-he will make a final plea for re-election from the White House.

BRITAIN LOSES MINESWEEPER

SPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH" LONDON, Oct. 23 (UP)The

are other earthquake reports from British minesweeper H.MS. Dundalk Bessarably, Kelf, Kharkot and other has been sunk by an enemy mine casualties among the districts in the Ukraine. Further with some

Admiralty communique tremors are shaking the Carpathian crow.

stated to-day. and Caucasus regions.

Gifts Of Spitfires

an

Envoy Expected To Return To London WASIHINGTON,. Oct. 23 (Reuter). -Disclaiming any knowledge of Ambassador Kennedy's plans, Mr. Cordell Hull, Secretary of State, told n Press conference to-day that "as The came Gibralfar"" is: to be far as I know, the Ambassador given to a Spitfire subscribed for by would be returning to his post in the British residents of the Rock. London,

LONDON, Oct. 23 (Router) The Madras Onvernor's war fund has sent

£10,000 to buy three Spitdees,

The Northwest Frontier Provinces Fund has now passed the £10,500 marking

from $9.95 each

Button-up Cardigans $9.95

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PRESIDENT

LINER SAILINGS

To BAN FRANCISCO AND LOS ANGELES Vis Shanghai, Kobe, Yokohama & Honolula,

SS "President Pierce"

SS "President Coolidge"

SS "Presiden Taft"

TO NEW YORK AND

OUT: 29 NOV... 2.

NOV. 17

BOSTON

Via Manila, Singapore, Pensar, Colombo, Bombay & Capetown.

SS "President Adams"

S9 President, larrison"".

20 NOV. DEO. 8

TO SINGAPORE

& PENANG

ES City of Norfolk"

OCT. 20

DEO.

83 "City of San Francisco"

TO SAN FRANCISCO & LOB ANGELES Via Yokohama,

88 "City of Norfolk"

SS "City of San Francisco

NOV.

DEC.

22

** AMERICAN PRESIDENT LINES

"ROUND-WORLD SERVICE" EDWAR AGENTS FOR TRANSCONTINENTAL & WESTERN AIR AND UNITED AIR LINES.

13 Pedder Birost