1940-07-16 — Page 4

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Hongkong Telegraph.

July 16, 1940.

5th COLUMN TECHNIQUE

SINCE the Blitzkrieg there are "strong points," such as

German")) Labour

Fron! groups, started even those Women's associations, Hitler Youth German students' clubs

governments which had movement, Cortes, semi-military hitherto buried their heads, added ocial" organisations of every

S.A. and S.S. units: To these must be

most persistently in the kind.

Despite all the warnings of recent sand, have resolved upon,

yearu, satill insufficiently known that every German living abroad who measures against the "Quis-- belongs to these associations, is not a free men, but must be blindly lings" and "Fifth Columns" obedient instrument of the Nazl in their midst.

of

Nevertheless, discussion this thorny problem all the world over shows that not all countries yet realise the enormous scale of this "attack from within."

Many newspapers are still, asking how it could happen that, In a country where to all ap- pearance Nazi supporters were extremely few, a witole number of leading per- holding

Bons,

key positions in

the state, ware

regime. He is a servant of the "Auslandsorganisation" of Herr Bohle, Secretary of State, and Himmler's closest associate.

THROUGH this organisation every German living abroad, who has not broken with Nazism, automatically. becomes an agent of the German Secret service.

He is required not only to perform all qualified, to help in recruiting all sorts of secret espionage, but, if at

Quislings, and in so-called, pro- pagarida among the subjects of other nations,

It is no chance that these "Aus- Iandsorganisations etc., as well 015

by

Dr. Goebbels and the Ministry of Propaganda, are flooding the world; with shiploads

ready to per E. LENNHOFF propaganda

form acta of treachery on be-) half of the German invaders.

•

•

Ina-

terial. This mo-

FUNNY SIDE UP

By Abner Dean

SCHOOL FOR PAIR STEWAR

SDEAN

"But they forgot to teach us the most important thing

how do you toll married mon from single ones1".

the dips of Eye-witness in

POLAND

terial is concerned fur less with translating Nazi Ideas into the native

The question can only be idiom than wth preparing the soil for answered by those who have

treasonable activities. made a study of the technique of The German "Auslandsorganisa- this Nazi "internal offensive."

tlon" sends to foreign countries men and women of birth and position, to EVERY war has had its spies the sole purpose of which is to sap engage in drawing-room propaganda, and traitors, but never before the the defensive and offensive spirit of days of Nazism did a govern- other countries. ment in time of peace attempt

Tuesday, July 16, 1940, Wyndham St., Hongkong THE: prefix "Special to the Telegraph"

Telephone: 20615 is used by the Hongkong Telegraph to Indicato rawn which in vicictly copyright under the provisions of the Tofecommun bears the indication "P" is received in systematically and with the aid before the war spread the gospel of ealions Ordinance, 1910. Such newE, AS

of gigantic machinery, to under-

These are the false prophets who

the United Press Associations, mine the stability of every other ternational societies for "promoting serve all rights and forbid republication, either wholly or in part without previous country without exception. Yet friendship between the nations," and arrangement,

this is what the Nazi regime has "averting the danger of war," unremittingly been doing since 1933..

The Press

The "German Secret Service," sets there, Fifth Columns to which hires these Quislings and work, comprises more than Herr Himmler and his Gestapo.

They sought and obtained access lo pacifist and other idealist circles, who came honestly to believe that co- operation with Nazism meant and European solidarity.

peace

as "workmen", "re-

workers" ar "Iravelling

In the Colonial Empire are of greater SOME of the functions of the Press importance, perhaps, than is the case with Fleet Street journals. Articu-

German.agents, however,, are at lation except through the columns of

work, not only in society, but among all classes. They come in flocks As No doubt, Himunter and his assis- "tourists" (these make friends with the local newspapers is more or less denied the people of the Colonies tants play a very big part in the the peasants, who, unlike self-governing States, undermining of other countries, search have no political representatives to

Himmler is continually sending out students." whom they can air their grievances, armies of sples, agents, terrorists and

According to circums- Although the

iances, function of wireless primary

operators,

they concealed in every Socialism, Communism or Fascism.

preach moderate newspapers throughout the British imaginable disguise. Empire is, unlike the newspapers in

He works in closest touch with the A favourite method of gaining re- Totalitarian-governed countries, to Secret service army; General Nicolal cruits (that is to say sples, agents and disseminate the news without fear or and Admiral Canaris, who, as in the terrorists) is by anti-Semitic favour, subject in war-time only to Inst war, are again in charge of mili agitation, official and self-imposed censorship tary espionage, receive all important when necessity of State

there instructions from the head of the arisca, and equally important

Gestapo, functions in the Colonies A healthy sign of the fact that a democratic and free Press cxista in Hongkong is given by the correspondence columns of our

well-known

morning con- temporary and, to a lesser (but no lens important) extent, in the two afternoon newspapers, In these

dre

olher

IN many countries, including some where the Jews were The Ministry for Foreign Affairs in neither numerically strong nor Berlin also supports destructive men- sures against countries with which it in possession of important posts, has concluded treaties of friendship these envoys of the German and non-aggression, and this in a Secret Service have been able, manner without parallel in history, It is an unwritien law that the cus solely by the use of anti-Jewish of embassies and legations shall slogans, to manufacture those columns, rickshaw coolles and

abstain from all illegal activities In "national" Fascist movements millionaires have aired their griev-

the countries to which they are ac from which Quislings are bred. ances; reprieves have been demanded and obtained for condemned Geu | eredited,

Not, of course, without financial men;

assistance. government has deferred to public opinion; scandals have been remedied. In other words, the people have, through the medium of

of their free Press, become articulate.

fettered. It

of the

can make known to

*

their

FOR the Nazis this law has no validity. Many of their most To all this must be added the whole important diplomatic posts have vast machinery of propaganda-Dr. To this extent the Press is un- conspicuous quality was

been held by men whose most Goebbels' le regardless of cost and with the use of every conceivable Tel. 21279 Government the wishes and desires, talent for espionage and under method. In many countries this pro- nda fell upon soil all the more paganda untor-ground conspiracy, people. Government,

fruitful because most governments in tunately, does not reciprocate. The Indeed, the Nazla have given an WORZY Press does not desire to become the entirely new meaning

instrument of Government-we can "Diplomatic Corps."

ΟΙ own at all. They relied

upon leave that to the Nazis and the Fas-

common-sense of their people,

through which Government takes the so- togations and embassies men

and terrorists, especially upon unfortunately not only many poilti-

"Journalists", attaching

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to the

conducted no count terme, nor even any propaganda

cists-but it should be the instrument they confer diplomatic status upon forgetting that in our day there are

confidence.

the

to

even

people into its

dicensed minds, but an their In free countries it is not and can- who have nothing whatever to do larger number of feeble intellects, not be, as Wickham Steed once point with diplomacy. Such men include which, in the absence of an effective ed out, the business of newspapers the heads of travelling agencies and antidote, succumb only too easily to merely to echo the views of a Govern- representatives of business firms. ateady doses of German propoganda ment or to observe the reticence Commercial travellers become aver- polson, which offelals impose upon them-night⠀⠀ "Delegates selves or believes to be due to the questions." positions they hold.

In a famous Editorial of 80 years ago that has become a classical de- finition of the relations between the Press and the State. the London

Timos" said:

organisations.

for

commercial

been so many

Never before in history have there to London newspapers-be dictated German, Consuls by circumstances which would not General as there are to-day; it is an arise in times of peace. Nevertheless, officials are abusing their diplomatic to certain information which is some- open secret that very many of these the public, even in war, has a right

"The first duty of the Press is to initely injurious to the state in which upon which light should shed is the privileges by activities that are de- times held. To-day, the one subject obtain the earliest and most correct Intelligence of the events of the time, they reside.

Evacuation. and instantly, by disclosing them, to In almost every country German The Press realises the difficulties mako' them the common property of residents have been allowed to main-with which the authorities in Hong- the people. The statesman collects tain focal branches of their German his information secretly, and by secret

are faced. But the people are means; he keeps back even the cur

party

Every where cd with cqual difficulties which rent intelligence of the day with

can be alleviated to some extent by Judicrous precautions. The Press

frankness. lives by disclosures; whatever, passes Into it keeping becomes a part of the knowledge and the history of our times; it is daily and forever appealing to the enlightened force of public opinion. The statesman.... cautiously guards from the public's eye the information by which his actions and opinions are regulated.

"For us, with whom publicity and truth are the air and light of exist ence, there can be no greater dis- grace than to recoll from the frank and accurate disclosure of facis AB they are. We are bound to tell the truth no we find it; without fear of consequences-to lend no convenient shelter to acts of injustice and op pression, but to consign ihem once to the judgment of the world.

men to vell the statue of Liberty, and Unlike the Army and Navy, who to mutter some, formulary of disheve Press luison officers in Hong ingenuous acquiescence in foreign wrongs, dieinted by their fears kong, there is no person to whom the rather than by their convictions; but newspapers can turn for information we prefer to await for our Justintea from the Government except the tion the day when the entombed, and

Heads of who not unnaturally dis-

oppressed. liberties of Europe shallovernment except tho

once more start into life and array play reluctance to speak for fear that themselves under the standard to which we ting. For to what, after they overstep that limitations Im- all, are the statesmen of England to posed upon them: The

Preas

hna

that

look for strength and national power, desire to publish information if injuries and oftences rise against may embarrass the

Government, us, but to the enlightened resolution but to whom can it turn for guid

of the people of England to dance? Who is to say what is or is the principles on which our own poilty

are not judicious? Who is to

give warn founded?" at

and

Independence

Ing that an innocent paragraph may 'It is hard to realise that the not contain enough dynamite, to The Fress of England, standing as it Times" asked that question ninety wreck paths to maturo? Hongkong plans that have taken weeks

newspapers do not betray the con- of the fidences of the Army, and‍ the Navy,

now does, alone in the enjoyment of years ago. It applies even entire freedom, would grievously forcibly to-day, neglect, ita exalted privileges. If It failed to recollect how much is duo!

In Hongkong the dealre

more

to the common interest of Europe. Press to be free and untrammelled All they desire is equal confidence It may sult the purposes of states- must, in wartime-and-it applies also from the Government.

The following article is penned by an American woman who set herself the task of observing European events in- dependently. Her observations differ in two respects from the usual newspaper reports. Neither battles nor important diplomatic and economic activities form the objects of her observations; her concern is with the fate of single in- dividuals. “I don't belong to any political party,” declares Virginia N. Matthews, “but I belong to the world party of women and mothers. I am their envoy. To them above all my reports are addressed."

Only when the war is over and the world roturns to normal conditions again will it be possible to reveal parti- culars of the life of the courageous woman who gave up an established position in the U.S.A. and placed herself at the disposal of an international charitable organisation engaged in welfaro work for, sufferers and persecuted people in Europe. She will send reports to her fellow country-women under the above nom de guerre. Virginia N. Matthews' voice is not that of an individual woman; it is the eternal motherly instinct for truth and justice which cries out from

her words.

IN certain parts of Europe it is not enough to possess a passport and a visa in order to enter a particular country and be allowed to move freely about.

Visitors from neutral countries in Germany must obtain a special

permit to enter the "Protectorate": of Czechoslovakia or conquered Poland. And within Poland there district which is as inaccessible

A

19 It were surrounded tyy a Chinese wall: the Jewish reserva- tion of Lublin.

Brc

Even international social workers often refused permission to visit Lublin without any ground for such refusal being given. - After filling in innumerable forms, and close questioning by officials in Warsaw, my

my application for a a per- mit to travel to Lublin was, after two attempts, finally granted. It was accompanied by a warning from a

but the news of doctor, typhoid and dysentery in Lublin Was not altogether new to me.

In normal times the hundred miles to Lublin, which lies south- east from Warsaw, may be covered in two hours, Travelling in our small car over bad roads, and fro- quently being stopped by police officials, it took us ten hours to reach our destination.

·

IT was already dark when we arrived in the old city of Lublin, going through the nar- row crooked streets in a death- like stillness.

a

For the three of us a small room with one bed and a deck-chair was ready in a shabby hotel. Evidently we were to be well looked after for in present day Lublin many people are usually crowded together in one room,

often without a bed, Families live in old railway car- rlages, or in hastily erected huts but of wood and cardboard, or in tents. The National Socialist Government declared, Lublin (that. is to say the city and

part of lig former province of the same name) a Jewish reservation, and sends Jewish men, women and children to it from western Poland, and from Germany, Austria and Cze- choslovakia.

from a few prosperous tex- Apart tile manufacturers, great poverty reigns in the district which oven in farmer times, was thickly popu lated. Jews have always formed in great percentage of; the_popula- Hon in this part of Poland. They were engaged in the grain and cat- tle trade and live for the most part In penury. The war and the enor- mous Increas population by has increased poverty, to an un- several hundred thousand people Imaginable degree. Whoever con- trived to get a meal of potatoes or beetroot was lucky. Each train load of human beings arriving

.

from Germany Increased the need in Lublin.

The Red Cross and other inter- national charitable organisations distribute medicines and clothing. but even this help is quite insul- cient. We had hardly arrived in Lublin when the news come of the arrival of a new trainload of peo

people from Stettin In Ploski, near Lublin. We were ordered to meet this tenin, and it was in this way that I came to know Renate Alexander.

•

•

RENATE ALEXANDER was born five years ago in the small town of Hammer- stein in Pomerania.

Her father was a prosperous tradesman whose ancestors had liv-

ed for many generations in Pom- Under the Nazl Govem- cranta. ment her family shared the fate of

other

ba

ther people of Jewish persuasion, house was searched on several occasions, valuable objects were confiscated, and her father was in- prisoned for several weeks. At the beginning of March 1940 rumours of an impending pogrom circulated in Hammerstein. Renate's parents decided to send their only daughter to their relations in Stettin as they thought

that

in a big city she would. be more secure.

girl was The little put alone into the train, and a label with the address of her relations in Stettin, with the request 10 fellow-travellers to take care of her, was hung round her neck.. Her uncle and aunt met her at the station In Stettin and when she wept and called for her mother, her uncle said: "We are going to show you all sorts of nico now things. hore."

ON the day following. Renate's arrival in Sattin two Gestapo men ́appeared in her relations' flat,

"In twenty-four hours you all have to leave for Lublin" was the order against which there was no. uppcal.

Twenty-four hours after her ar

rival

In Stettin, the five-year old: Rennte found herself among twelve hundred despairing people who,

packed in eleven cattle-trucks rolled eastwards. After seven days" journey two hundred and thirty people were dead,

Whoover came -nearthe

door. whlic the train stopped at a station or asked too insistently for drinking. water was shot by the S.A. guards.. Those who complained or grumbled were beaten with the butts of rifles, Some of those unfortunates suc ceeded in cutting the reins of: their wrials,

Seventy-two people, owing to hunger, thirst, cold and fright,." were reduced to such a state of ex- haustion that they were left, wher the trucks had to be changed, lying on a snow-covered... field. Little Turn to Page 2, Second Column