1940-05-16 — Page 16

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The

is

a

May 16, 1940.

changed

country

By Brig. Gen. Sir WYNDHAM DEEDES,

NLESS I had gone to and seen for

U Turkey

Gederzum was Inspector of

who has just returned from his tour of Turkey a head of the Anglo-Turkish Relief Fund Mis- myself, I would notion despatched to the areas de have believed it: I did not

vastated by recent earthquakes, believe, it when I was told

in Turkey and, by the few who had seen it.

later, an offcial under the Turkish Ministry of the interior in the four years immediately preceding the Great War, having thus an exceptional experience of life and conditions in Turkey a quar fer of a century ago.

I could not be persuaded that the corruption, inefficiency and procrastination which charge- terised the Government of the country in which I had served a quarter of a century ago had wholly disappeared, and that men are not a little responsible for There can be litle doubt that wo- the Revolution had "changed all all this social activity; the women that." But so it is; it has all who to-day are to be met In every been swept away, and

sphere of human activity-13 of them 14 newy in Parliament. Gone are the black- Turkey has appeared in which veiled phantoms of old dny, the

Hongkong Telegraph.can recognise nothing of the heroines of Piero-Lott's-novels.

Thursday, May 16, 1940,--

Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20014

old Turkey-except, of course, the same hospitable, simple, and attractive people,

VILLAGES_TO_BE_REBUILT- Where, however, I noticed the least! change was in the villages. Excepti

Of all the Revolutions which for new schools and a better water supply tu ble exception indeed) the

is uend by the Hongkong Telegraph to have taken place since the end houses look much the same and the

THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Tilecommual- estions Ordinance, 1934. Such naWI AN bears the indication “UP is received in Hongkong on the date of pubication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbia republication, althor wholly or in part without previous arrangement.

Thumbs Up!.

of the Great War, not one, I agricultural implements and methods venture to assert, has accom- have changed little in the last 25 plished what this one has, and years, I commented on this to broken so few heads in the pro- it is true; we

high Turkish offelal who said: "Yes, have not yet entered the villages," and he went on to explain to me some of the Govern ment's plans for the grouping of villages, the better to provide them

cess.

IN DAYS OF BRIGANDAGE Let us look first of all at'a few of the surface changes. In old days Ne undue apprehension need be always went to brigands. For ex when thought of Turkey, my mind feit by the British people at the ample, I remember the days when cxtent of the German advanceved

ved in a suburb of Smyrna, and, as through Belgium and Holland since a gendarmerie ofleer, was called on the territories of these countries and to provide an armed escort for the and their Luxembourg were violated last Fri-partners golds to a once in town

brigands pounced upon And I remember the night when the a young Engli

Hishman, took him to the mountains and demanded £10,000

for him.

day.

Much more of Belgian territory will be invaded before the German offensive is brought to a standstill, and the Allies are prepared for this contingency.

ranThose were the days when foreign-

The Invasion, as it were, is pro-rs going up country for a summer hollday obtained "Inissez passer- ceeding according to the plans of not from my gendarmes, but from the both the Allies and the invaders. brigands, who, Incidentally, treated: The swiftness of Holland's downfall them with great courtesy. All that

both the plcturesque and the

contingency must have been allowed has gone. There are now &

la somewhat disturbing, but even this

left, except, perhaps, a few in the

before by our High Commands. Al- Vilayet of Sert, away in the south- though the Germans have pierced theeast.-.

Belgian defences across the King Then, again, casting my mind buck Albert Cunal (defences which, be 25 years, I think of epidemics. remembered, were not available in encountering cholera, smallpox or never travelled up-country_without the last war), Liege still holds out (it typhus. I remember sleeping one fell after ten days in the last war), night in a wayside "1an," the prin and the Germans must reach Louvain | cipal guest-room of which seemed to yel before they can approach be unusually well. swept and garnish- Brussels. In 1914 Louvain fell on mine host in the morning, he said: ed. When I commented on this to the seventh day of invasion.

"Oh, yes. The room in which The situation along the Meuse canalept is being used as the cholera you be considered fairly satisfactory in mortuary. But when we heard your view of the nature of the German Excellency was coming we

emptied offensive.

To- spechl clean-up" cholern hás been stamped out;

time.

day

(a light

n

RUSSIAN

ISOLATION

DIG FOR VICTORY!

It is reported that, owing to Russian coolness, Ribbentrop may have to visit Moscow again.

2019 – 1910

THE GAMBLER

In the

40

And a

WORLD DOMMATION

he

Iamous Maginot Line does not extend to last three monilia. The first day commission left Turkey while I was of coffee, and the "cult of efficiency" had his finger on the pulse of his

too,

once

Lowlands

there.

respected Germany's neigh one from the many other reforms and improvements

The

BRITIC

as

be made.

The

In-

en-

It appears that, in the and gave it south, they have only succeeded in typhus and smallpox are very rare; with social services and to introduce crossing the river al one Or two and a vigorous campaign is being co-operative farming and the common

to remove the capital from its 500- polnis and Namur stil stands.

year-old site to an up-country village; · waged against those other scourges, use of machinery.

markable changes,

ad- to abolish the tez (more than The loss of the French frontier city | syphilis and malaria,

A sturt has already been made with ministration apathy. inertia and physical change); to replace Arable of Sedan is unimportant: more

Im-

NEW TOWNS FOR OLD... the refugee

villages built for peasants alovenly, out-of-dute methods have by Latin characters (more than a portance must be attached to the re- Again, consider the country's com- migrating from Runtonia und eise- gone. Officials are keen and-gover- literary change); these and the many ports from this sector that the Ger- munications. Never shall I forget where in the Southern Balkans. In hors of provinces, at any rate are more reforms could only have been mans have succeeded in crossing the the old Turkish roads. In the sum the earthquake area, too, the Goy relatively young. It may be that made in 15 years by the dat of one

mer of 1913 I disembarked at Samsunt opportunity to Meuse River which was expected to and engaged a "yayili"

sun ernment is determined to seize the foreigners still find that business is man

remarkable man re-site number of not completed with quite the speed must have been, hold them up for some considerable spring wagon) in order to carry out villages; to build better houses, and to which they are accustomed in For, ruthless as he was in sweep-

an inspection In the five contiguous to purchase agricultural machinery in some other countries. But

(thank

Ing away rubbish and all that in his It should be emphasized that the provinces, a journey whicit promised England-for which purpose a trade goodness!) Turkish "bureaucrats can opinion retarded progress, he never

still find time for talk

uver a sup seems to have gone too for; he always north of the Luxembourg frontier, the road, the pole snapped, and we out the horse fell through a hole in

It is Impossible to mention the And there is no corruption. At least

has not completely dehumanised then people. testimony of the fact that France, had to

PEOPLE'S TRUE QUALITY. forest. That and which strike the eye, but there is one so my Turkish friends assured me. pledges that the territory of the much more was travel in those days institution, the "Halk Evi," to which several foreigners who had lived all as great and only as great as the tide Was it Lenin who said, "A man is and it was fully confirmed to me dy

would remain inviolate.

other day 1 visited these

allusion must

Applied to Nevertheless, the French fortifications provinces, and did the journey in Buence of the Halk Evi or "People's their lives in the country and were surging beneath him"7

HOUFC

this case, this means 'thal Ataturk. from the Luxembourg frontier to great comfort by road and rail and big a contribution to popular

- far-reaching and has made engaged in big business.

ALMOST TOO MODEST could not have done what ha пог took only ten days,

as is undoubtedly the case-could. the North Sen, which were built Among the visible changes to be lightenment as perhaps any other The reason

is not far to seck; he have assured us continuation un after the advent of Hitler, are on a noted are the large number of well factor. There are 360 of these houses salaries and wages are now regularly less he had been supported by his

the In Turkey. Here we should call them paid and justice cars be senle believed to be as impregnable built schools-elementary In

obtained people and unless "Community Centres." Their activi- without resort to bribery.

his people. had village and central and "lycees in ties include art, music, concerts, lee her one occasion 25 years ago, when of profiting by the reforms which he I remem been-as he knew they were-worthy the larger towns; town-planning of sufficient to seriously hamper any old towns and the rapid building of tures, conferences, all forms of "fur- I went to inspect a detachment of had made. German attempt to break through new-of which Ankara, a

ther education," games. (indoor and gendarmerie in an up-country town, village

"How is it," I kept anying to my- when I last saw it, is, of course, the those in need, especially to poor stu- prison in the Allied lines.

and outdoor)

personal service to finding the officer: commanding in self, "that a whole people can change The German strategy at present most notable example; and the large dents. They are doing their best to lunched

quarters. overnight" from what I remember of number of new factories established.

with him, being served by them appears to be to cut off the Dutch, 1-visited a sugar factory at Turkni en hin the villages by giving talks-hle-men-through the bars-of-the- to bd to-day The answer, I aft years ago to what I see them Belgian and French coasts regardless where the provision of social and both domestic and world affairs and his crime had been that he had taken that the people have changed as int social auch and lectures to men and women on window, and learnt from him that persunded, is that it is not so much of cost in lives to themselves. But, ties for the whatever their success, they will as you could wish. Hospitals-one or customs and pastimes.

by encouraging the pursuit of old his detachment's last month's pay. freed from the yoke of a corrupt and two which I saw-were, as

But, as one of his men said to me opp always be threatened on the left flank

regards THE PASSING OF APATHY.

oppressive Government, they have and equipment, better than

"We can

hardly blame the now for the fist time been given the Just recently "Halk Odaları"

He had not received his

display their on their right flank by the Belgian Day nurseries, infant welfare and Britfahr

and children to keep"!

And if this account

account-of-modarir- undoubtedly will take care of the tablished at which a great deal of in- the full programme of a Halk Evl

A

In a

be regarded by some as ex- centre.

struction in hygiene is given.. The Halk Evt movement is support, country has changed; the "sick man Compared with 1914, the situation visible signs of progress, which, strike Parly the Central Government, the aelifevements energetic, full of here, and come other European courbon- Those are some of the outward and ed by the funds of "The People's of Europe" is dead. Ia his pince only reply that my judgment la- -based. in aid either stands modern Turkey, proud of its not on a comparison between Turkey lo-day is most satisfactory. There the eye as one goes through the from the Was no great BEF on French soll country. Admittedly they are as yet province or the municipality. The but modest-almost too much so. Ax (although that is not a to ald in stemming the rapid Corfew in number, but, such as they are, personnel consists entirely of volun a leading member of nian advance thent to-day over a they are very good and they

Goverment

'that the Turka need, füür quamenian

Open till 1 a.m.

as the Maginot Line and will be

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his own

25

by the invincible Maginoi Line and thing I have seen in this country,

cen- "People's Rooms" have been opened own salary, and he, too, has a wife portunity to

qualities.

H

trua

armies... The French. tres and village clinics have, been es- in villogea which cannot yet-aspire to word, the whole spirit of bor unduly Hattering, I car

the Turkey, of 1940 and

interesting to watch events after the Turkay to day the extension of their Evi in Ankara had over 500,000 at changes. Come about? The short saying what I sald at the beginning 1-can only conclude by German offensive exhausts itself, as it social services is the favourite tople tendances in the course of last year answer is "Ataturk." Of this there of this article, "I would not have, must do sooner or Inter.

of conversation with all whom one. A few words must now be added carl bo no Meanwhile, Thumbs Up.

doubt. To liberate beileved it unless I had been thern to/ meets.

about other invisible but no less ro-women; to "disestablish the Church"; see,”

themselves. into the fray. It will be and what is so exhilarating in voluntary, social servico. ^. The Halk How have these remarkable of 108.Kuderd by, that:

milon Tommies are ready to throw being built as fast as funds permit, represents and wonen. In fact, it said to me, "In this respect we are but, between

represents a widespread network of like, you. We are und advertisen," the