PACE 4 HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
“TELEGRAPH'' WOMEN'S MAGAZINE
Tuesday, MAY 14, 1940.
WHY THE NAZIS INVADED THE LOWLANDS OBITUARY
GERMANY'S attack on France in 1914 was based
on what was called the Schlieffen plan, which dominated German military thought at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century.
That the plan failed was probably due more than anything else to the fact that it had been mo- dified in 1913 by von Kluck..
The original plan called for simultaneous in- vasion of Holland andˇBelgium. Von Kluck failed to invade Holland.
NAZI strategy is based upon a still further modifica. tion of the Schlieffen plan.
This plan was revealed to the world in 1933 by an in- discreet publication, "Raum Und Volk Im' Welktriege", by Professor Ewald Banse, Nazi professor of military science at Brunswick Technical Collegė.
A copy of the book came into the hands of Messrs. Lo- vat Dickson Ltd., the well-known English publishing firm. They decided to publish an English translation under the title of "Germany Prepares for War."
Desperate efforts were made by the Nazi Government to prevent publication in England and the British Foreign Of- fice was even asked to intercede.
Messrs. Lovat Dickson Ltd. were actually threatened by Nazi agents if publication was proceeded with.
In the light of the Nazi invasion last week-end of Hol- land and Belgium, readers will see why the Nazis were so des- perately anxious that their plan, so thoughtlessly broadcast by Banze, should be suppressed,
Below the "Telegraph" commences a series of pertinent extracts from Professor Banse's book.
The opinions expressed in these articles are, of course, the opinions of Professor Banse and the Nazi High Command.
Historically and culturally, we Germans have reached a turning point in our destiny.
The day of comfort and make-believe and paper and huzzalug and dunderheaded- ness is over, and the day, of discomfort and hard thinking aud grim resolve and cold steel has begun.
A grim, iron age.lies before 11. We cannot go on dream- ing and building pretty castles in the air; we have to harden our hearts and make the idea. of the nation the pivot on which all our thinking turns.
National sentiment, which does not necessarily demand a royal house to which to attach itself but can flourish in a republic tao, menna acif-respect; international sentiment means self-abandon- ment.
The first is healthy egotism, the second is a throwing-up of the sponge, u degeneration of the tissuer..
The internationalist is a bastard in blood and a eunuch in intellect. Man's greatest works
always
spring from the national soil, even when they are not actually directed to national ends.
Sword Versus
The Pen
The sword will como into its own again, and the pen, after 14 years of exaggerated prestige, will be put in its place.
The sword has lain rusting in the corner for 14 years in the Ger- man countries, while the pen has had the stage to itself; and as result we have.gone to the dogs.
Certainly the pen is good, but the sword is good too und/often far better, and we want both to-be equally honoured among man 'people.
the
Ger-
A man can only protect himself against assault with the sword; it he tried to da li with the pen he would make himself ridiculous and get the worst of it.
That is exactly what has been happening to Germany and Aus- tria, and Danzig too, for 14 years.
The pen is good and the sword is good. But the sword is the older weapon, and it is the final, the ultimately declaive one-
first therefore it should · · have place.
We are on the threshold of on iron age. For us, it stands under the sign of the Third Reich.
It is the mission of the Third Rech to free us from all the chains we are still dragging about with
from feudal and medieval, times; to set up the rule of the best men in the nation; once more to unite all the German-speaking peoples tut "Central · Europe - under one flag: to resiace to the most,
spiritually creative and profound people on earth that inward leadership for which the world will one day cry aloud in horror at Anglo-Saxon mechanisation and Russian univéræzi destruction,"
We want an empire in' which we can once more profess and call ourselves Germans without fear of being sat upon; as the, wrlier of these lines was during the inter- regnum.
We believe that the creator of this empire is already on the -' move that bo`la niready, knook- -Ing-at-the-deer-uay, that ho÷ju....
1.
THIS photograph is of particular interest to- meanwhile they are traders and
day. It shows German troops in the Streets of Liege in 1914. -
THE MAN WHO
TAUGHT
Paris
·14500000
moni
BOD
Remen
Autrich
HITLER
Line of French forußcadons since the 1890's. Deployment, evolution and right flank of the German right wing
according to the original Schlieffen plan.
Diluted Schlieffen plan and German advance in August 1914. German armies.
French deployment and advance in August 1914.
French armies.
The British army. The Belgian army.
Purthest point reached by the Germans. Battle of the Marne.
already lutside the city. In our rn/dat.
Blood And Iron
Mighty empires ore not founded by treachery, deceit or huckster- ing; they only grow out clash of swords.
of
the
The Third Reich, as we dream of It-from the Flanders coast to the Ranb, from Memel, to the "Etsch (Adiga) and the Rhone can also only be born in blood and iron. Ideas and works and armles must march and fight and die before the vast and splendidl structure of the Third Reich can rise from the ground of the west- ern world,
Ideas and work and military ser- vice must go hand in hand in survive, futute, it culture is to Industry to flourish, and the state to maintain itself. Those three are henceforth inseparable, elekt
England having given the world war a character that no previous war had possessed, that of a mili- (kary, plus 'economic war, in future
the pen, the hammer, the scythe. and the word have all to mobilised if a war is to bo waged with any chance of success.
be
Hanceforth war, is a contest, not between: armies or even; nations, 'but between countries, philoso
phies and economic systems,
The coming war, the great' war that will deckle the fate of the German people, will ultimately. be fought out deep down in the souls of belligerem nations.
The sout. is the starting point of human thought, human, netion and human events. From It and it alone radiate those forces which
control. bruin and hand, achieve- ment and fullure. courage and cowardice.
The Invasion Of Holland
The Kingdom of the Netherlands is part of German soll and of the German people, but has been politically separated from both since 1848..
Its territory forms the natural north-western boundary of Ger- many. Its soll consiste partly of the flat delta of the Rhine, partly of the debris of northern inland'rin- ciers and partly of muddy sea-. bottom wrested from the ocean by means of dykes.
The population is a mixture of Lower Frankish, Frisian and Lower Saxon races, which have retained the old Low German as their writ ten language, instead of the oficial Saxon and Lutheran German.
3
There is absolutely nothing un-German about the country, and yet French, and later Eng- Hah, intrigues have succeeded in creating political rulf between this fundamentally German population and lie German par- ext, and caui li to Hive in dread of losing the wounty, measure of political Independence which It enjoys through the grace of France, and England. No. N
The Netherlands are flat plains, except for.. number of all moraine depolta extending north- eastwards from Utrecht and their Heatherclad sand-dunes running from north to. south. The western, part of the plain, from Helder to Zeeland. I lowy-lying farah-land, situated below sea-level, and
t
can thus be turned into water by Inundation.
pacifists.
Holland In The
Last War
The country is quite unable to provide its own wheat, and could not create a munitions industry; on the other hand, it produces a sur- plus of butter, and milk. For technical reasons, it could hardly support even a short war.
In the world war Holland was ut great pains to
to preserte Its
tain
neutrality and succeeded in doing so, thanks to the restraint exer- cised by Germany and Great Bri- On the outbreak of war a par- ticularly vulnerable spot was the point of the Meuse projecting to- wards Liege and Aix-la-Chapelle, which squeezed the German right The natural lines of defence to-
flank between the Dutch frontier wards the cast are the moraine
and the Venn Hills and necessitated hills south of the Zuyder Zec,
an oftack" on the Belgian, fortress which is now in course of being drained, and the risers-Issel-and-
d of Llege. Vecht, tributaries of the Lower Rhine, which run parallèl to the hills. The Vecht is part of the in- undation area and is protected by a number of fortresses grouped around Utrecht.
To the south the Rivers Lech, Wool word Meuse form natural sectors of some strength. In any case,
the Netherland however,
army is compelled to sacrifice con- siderable territory in order to hold the main area, which contains the bulk of the population, nearly all the urge towns and the centres of economic-life-
A Guess
That Missed
and
The national character being easy-going
* and · unwarlike, strong hostile attack should not encounter any very stubborn re- elstance. And the government would probably be content to register a formal profest, unless · 11 received immedlite and power- ful reinforcements from some foreign_country,
The Dulch coast appears most open to invasion in the province of Zeeland, a group of islands carved out of the morshes by storm tides, which can easily be approached from the' seu, white it is threatened from the shore side by the proximity of the Belgian frontier and the fortress of Ant- wern. The coasts of northern and southern Holland-the main port of the country are well protected by an unbroken wall of dune, while the shores of the Zuyder Zee and of the waters behind the Jalands of West Frisia are comparatively inaccessible by reason of shallows.
"Meuse projection-there- with gave proof of its essential im portance in effectively protecting Belgium and even France against Germon forces.
While the Germans were desir- ous of respecting Dutch neutrality
all circumstance,
was in danger Britain.
$21
д
of violation by Great
In the summer of 1917, when England was hard pressed by un- restricted submarine warfore, it loaked for a long time as if the
British Intended to
to lond treeps on
the island of Walcheren or on the neighbouring coast of Dutch Flan-.
ders
and. then
thence to destroy the base
of our submarines operating in the Channel and, if possible, in con- cert with the fierce western offen- sive of that time, to outflank the right wing of the German army in Belgium.
The British could have landed 15,000 men In 12 hours and, from Walcheren or from the mainland, could have destroyed our sub- marine base xt Zeebrugge with,
·long range guns.
In
case the Netherlands should remain passive in face of this breach of their neutrality by Great .Britain, we had provided, two in- fantry divisions and one cavalry the "Ghent division, known as Group," to deal with this danger. If, on the other hand, Holland foined the Allies, in order perhups to save her colonial einpire, which, depends on English goodwill, the, Ghent Group was to be reinforced by two army groups from the East, which were to invade the Netherlands from both banks of the Meuse.
A British
ald Invasion-
not? materialise. Had it done so, it is evident that Germany would have been bound to do everything she could to prevent the British from setting foot in the south west corner of Holland, since this would have compelled the early with-
The character of the Nether- fanders is not uniform, for there Is no Netherland`prople and no Notherland race. The north is in-drawal of our right flank. habited by Frislans, the middle cast by Lower Saxons, the south by Lower Franks, and the west by Hollanders, who are a mixture of Lower Franks and Frisiana.
The principal element is made up of these Hollanders and, from the military point of view, it is their character which is primarily im- portant.
The English must have regretted that they were ridt strong enough for this enterprise, the more s when they remembered their
Occu pation of the island of Walcheren and South Beveland in 1809, undertaken in an 'attempt, which incidentally falled, to threaten Antwerp, at that time in French. hands
The Hollanders have grown fat 1066 And All That - on their trade and fearful of losing
their easy profits.
They are traders first and last, whether in marshland cattle, bulbs, colonial imports or the products. of the Java plantations.
They pursue these activities with a view to securing the maximum profit and a comfortable existence. Riches and case are their
ROO!;
they are therefore timid and hate anyone who threatens to rob them of their prize. They are afraid of losing their splendid colonial possessions in the East, which are much too largo for them and quite beyond their powers to develop [fullyL
Referring to the question of a German landing in England, 'men- tion may be made of the coast of Holland as an important base for 'such an attack.
This coast Brentons the English? seaboard from Hull to the Thames, and troops can be carried across in a very short time.
The crossing from Flushing to Margate takes five hours, from the cok to Harwich seven hours, from Helder to Great Yarmouth the same time.
Troops can therefore be quarter=" ed on board without any special considerations of
comfort.
Why was this not done the fast war? What did we gain by ro
penting Datch neutrality?
They are not likely to be the heroes they were in 1000, until their peace and comfort are at
take and a foreign enemy is I would appear_tlist.we`oom- throatening to (ake from them.aliteden paychological error. -what-they-hold-dearest, in-the-. We felt that the march ints Bel-
Aged Portuguese Resident Passes Away
An old and respected member of the Hongkong Portuguese com- munity,
Malvina Ramgel
Mrs.
Azevedo, died at her home in Victory Avenue early yesterday morning, und wag buried at the Catholle Cemetery, Happy Valley, in the afternoon.
Mrs. Azevedo, who was 69 years of age, came to Hongkong from Macao at an early age. She is gur- vived by three grandchildren, Mr. C. P. Busto Mr. J. Basto, who is at present in Brazil, and Mrs. J.. E. Noronia. The late Mrs Azevedo's daughter, Mrs. J. S. F. Basto, died about three years ago,
The Rev. Fr. J. Guarona, of the St. Louls Industrial School, officiated at the funeral service in the chapel and at the graveside The chief
tmourners were Messrs. C. P. Basto and J. E. Noronha
A group of boys from this St Louis Industrial School, under the charge of Rev. Bro. Smith, attended, and others present included Messrs..E. A. Noronha, J. M. Noronha, F. A. Machado, P. A.
A C. E. J. Silva,
Botelho, CF Mar
C. Lopes, P. Assumptao, H. A. Barros, E. H. Barnes and C. E. Roza-Pereira,
Apart from a family wreath, which on the casket, floral tributes were sent by Mr. and Mrs. Mani- miano Antonio Gomes and Miss M. Roza-Pereira, Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Noronha, Therese Gutierrez, Mr, and Mrs. F. H. Barnes, Annie do Sousa and others.
NEW COLONY DAM London Engineer To Consider Site
wis
Mr. W. J. E. Binnie, Crown Agents" consulting engineer, arrived by Im- perial Airways' Denebola yesterday
*Birnie, who afternoon. Mr. associated with the site choice and construction Hongkong's Jubilee Dam, has come to consider a possible site for the construction of another dam to supplement the Colony's water reserves..
..
Both Mr. Binnio and Mr. J. H. Stern, who has come to Hongkong on
a
buying expedition for Stern's
•KIST
SUN
CANNED
FRUITS
and VEGETABLES.
Insist on Sunkist
Sole Distributors W. R. LOXLEY
Hosiery Ltd., daw all the way from & CO. (CHINA) LTD. London.
The Denebola was piloted by Cap-
Lain C. R. Davies and First Officer J. day was due to a hold-up at Bang-" F. Itaeburn and brought 341 Ib..of kak, engino trouble" having delayed mall from Empire countries. Her the outward plane on the trans-India jarrival yesterday: instead of on Sun=|xloge.ph
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gium had brought enough blame - (upon our heads and for that reason hesitated to violate Mol- land's neutralikyqta
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The Yur dykes" might never liave been opened, and our right' wing would have förood' its way
· through the - Channel · porta..
Lastly, Britain, would havO been in serious, danger of inva
and ston - Froin .... bolh :· Holland `Belzlum and would have lad to !« keep far more troops at home, Among those would have been instead of sending them to the the avoidance of the losses in front ・・・ Western Frouk, son
conclusion
But the indignation of the world: would have been no greater, while Germany would have reaped sub- stantial advantages.
of Liege, a more rapid, advance
of the right flank, the immediate
Wo are forced to
ed to the
that the military problem of the occupation of the central part of... Netherlands. was obviously not Holland between Utrecht, Amater
dam and
thoroughly thought out either be
* And "Rotterdam fore Ar..dirinig the Lost War.
Antwerp
would have Boopers, the invasión of Belgium: would have proved far more. overwhelmbogi, the Belgian army
The argument that we were short of men"
men and ships will not hold, for large forces were expende ed on less essential undertakings,
would probably have been "eap- *" while thebands of ships lay fole
In our ports.
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