1940-05-14 — Page 14

·PAGE_4.—HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

"TELEGRAPH” WOMEN'S MAGAZINE

Tuesday, MAY 14. 1940.

WHY THE NAZIS INVADED THE LOWLANDS OBITUARY

GERMANY'S attack on France in 1914 was based

on-what was called the Schlieffen plan, which dominated German military thought at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century.

That the plan failed was probably due more than anything else to the fact that it had been mo». dified in 1913 by yon Kluck.

The original plan called for simultaneous in- vasion of Holland and Belgium.. Von Kluck failed to invade Holland.

NAZI strategy is based upon a still further modifica. tion of the Schlieffen plan,

This plan was revealed to the world in 1933 by an in- discreet publication, "Raum Und Volk Im Welktriege", by Professor Ewald Banse, Nazi professor of military science at Brunswick Technical College.

A copy of the book came into the hands of Messrs. Lo- vat Dickion Ltd., the well-known English publishing firm. They decided to publish an English translation under the title of "Germany Prepares for War,"

Duperate efforts were made by the Nazi Government to prevent publication in England and the British Foreign Of- ̈ fice was even asked to intercede,

Messrs. Lovat Dickson Ltd. were actually threatened by Nazi agents if publication was proceeded with.

In the light of the Nazi invasion last week-end of Hol- land and Belgium, readers will see why the Nazis were so des. perately anxious that their plan, so thoughtlessly broadcast by Banse, should be suppressed..

Below the "Telegraph" commences a series of pertinent

extracts from Professor Banse's book.

The opinions expressed in these articles are, of course, the opinions of Professor Banse and the Naz! High Commund..

Historically and culturally, we Germans have reached a turning point in our destiny.

The day of comfort and make-believe and paper and huzzaing and dunderheaded- · ness is over, and the day of discomfort and hard thinking and grim resolve and cold steel has begun.

A grim, iron age lies before us. We cannot go on dream- ing and building pretty castles in the air we have to harden our hearts and make the idea of the nation the pivot on which all our thinking turns.

National sentiment, which does not necessarily demand a royal house to which to attach itself but can flourish in a republic tôi, means self-respect; international self-abandons sentiment means

ment.

The first is healthy egotism, the second throwing-up of this sponge, a degeneration of the tissues..

The internationalist is a bastard in blood and eunuchi in Intellect., Man's greatest works always spring from the national soll. oven when they are not actually

ends, directed to national

Sword Versus

The Pen

The sword will come to its own again, and the pen, after 14 years of exaggerated prestize, will be put in iis pince.

The sword has lan rusting in the corner for 14 years in the Ger- man countries, while the pen has had the stage to itself: pnd as a result we have gone to the dogs..

Certainly the pen is good, but the sword is good too and often far better, and we want both to be equally honoured among the Ger- man people.

A man can only profeet himself against assault with the sword; ir ho tried to do it with the pen he. would make himself ridiculous and get the worst of it.

That is exactly what has, been happening to Germany and Aus- tela, and Danzig too, for 14 years.

The pen is good and the sword is good. But the sword is the older weapon, and it is the Anal, the ulikmilely declalva one- have first therefore it should place.

We are on the threshold of an Iron age. For us, it stands under the sign of the Third Reich,

It is the mission of the Third Reich to free us from all the chains we are still dragging about with ALLN from feudal and medieval times; to set, up, the rule of the best men in the nation; orice, mores×... to unite all the German-speaking peoples of Central Europe: under one Rug: la restore to the most. spiritually creative and profound.

people Oft carth that inward leadership for which the world will one day cry aloud in horror at Anglo-Saxon mechanisation and Russian univelestruction.`-

We want an empire in which we can once,mare profess and call ourselves Germans without fear of sh being sat upon, as the writer of these lines was during the faler regoum,

We believe that the creator of. this empire is already on the move-that he is afroady knock- ing at the door-uay, 'ihat he is

THIS photograph is of particular interest to day. It shows German troops in the Streets of Liege in 1914.

THE MAN WHO

TAUGHT

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Sarbrücken

Line of French fortifications since the 1890's. Deployment, evolusion and right flank of the German tight wing

according to the original Schlieffen plan.

Diluted Schlieflin plan and German advance in August 1914. German armies.

French deployment and advance in August 1914.

French armies.

The British army.

The Belgian army,

Furthest point reached by the Germans. Battle of the Mame.

already inside the city, Li our

Blood And Iron

Mighty empires are not founded by treachery, deceit or huckster- of the ing; they only grow out clash of swords.

The Third Reich, as we dream of It-from the Flanders coast to the Raab, from Memel to the Elsch (Adige) and the Rhone-can also only be born in blood and fron.

Ideas and works and armies must march and fight and die before the vast and splendia structure of the Third Reich can rise from the ground of the west- crn world.

Ideas and work and military ser vico must go hand in hand in future, if culture is to survive, Indutry to flourish, and the state to maintain itself. These three are henceforth

given the world war character that no previous war had possessed, that of a mi- tary plus economie war, in future the pan, the hammer, the scythe and the word have all to mobilized if a war is to be waged with any chance of ́success.

England hair Parable.

be

Henceforth war is a contest, not between armies or even nations, but between countries, philoso- phies and economle systems,

The coming war, the great war that will decide the fate of the German people, will ultimately be fought out csep down' in the noul of belligerent nations.

The soul is the starting point of human thought, human action and human events. From it and it, alone radiate those forces which

•.

control brain and hand, achieve- ment and failure, courage and cowardice.

The Invasion Of Holland

The Kingdom of the Netherlands is part of German soll and of the German people, but has been politically

both separated from since 1848.

Its territory forms the natural north-western boundary of Ger- many. Its soil consists partly of the flat delta of the Rhine, partly of the debris of northern Inland gla- clers and partly of muddy boltom wrested from the, ocean by means of dykes,

sea-

The population is a mixture of Lower Frankisht, Frisian and Lower. Sixon races, which have retained the old Low German as their writ- teh language, Instead of the offelal Saxon and Lutheran German.

`} There is absolutely nothing un-German about the country, Bad yet French, and later - Eng-

“ƏRİ"gues have succeeded in

political gulf between fundamentally a German population and His Cierman par- ent, and cause it to live in dread of losing the scanty meature of political independence which it

through the grace enjoys

of " France and England.

The Netherlands aro

aro fat

plains, except for a” number of "small moraine deposits extending north- eastwards from: Utrecht and their heatherclad · satid-dunes » running- from north to south The wastern part of the plain;: from · Helder to Zeeland, Is lowy-lying marah-land, situated below sea-level, and it.

can thus be turned into water by inundation.

The natural lines of defence to- wards the cast are the moraine

hilis south of the Zuyder Zee, which is now in course of being drained, and the rivers Issel and Vecht, tributaries of the Lower Rhine, which run parallel to the hills. The Vecht is part of the i undation area and is protected by a number of fortresses grouped around Utrecht,

To the south the Rivers Lech. Woal and Meuse form natural sectors of some strength. In uny case, however, the Netherland army is compelled to sacrifice con- siderable territory in order to hold the main area, which contains the bulk of the population, nearly all the large towns and the entres of economic life.

A Guess

That Missed.

The nailonal character being easy-going and unwarlike, 靄 strong hostile attack should not encounter any very stubborn re- the government sistance, and would probably be content to register a formal protest, uniess it received Immediato and pawer. ful reinforcements from some foreign country.

The Dulch coast appears most open to invasion in the province of Zeeland, a group of islands carved out of the marshes by storm tides, which can easily be approached from the sea, while it is threatened from the shore side by the proximity of the Belgian frontier and the fortress of Ant- werp. The consts of northern and .southern Holloid-the main part of the country-are well protected by an unbroken wall of dune, while the shores of the Zuyder Zee and of the wafers behind the Islands of West Frisia are comparatively Inaccessible by reason of shollows.

The character of the Nether- Janders is not uniform, for there is no Netherland-people and no Netherland race. The north is in- habited by Frisiang, the middle cast by Lower Saxons, the south by Lower Framics, and the west by Hollanders, who are a mixture of Lower Franks and Frisians,

The principal element is made up of these Hollanders and, from the military point of view, it is their character which is primarily im- porlant.

meanwhile they are traders and pacifists.

Holland In The

Last War

The country is quite unable to provide its own wheat, and could not create a munitions industry; on the other hand, it produces a sur- plus of butter and milk. For technical reasons, it could hardly support even a short war.

In the world war Holland was al great pains to preserve its neutrality and succeeded in doing so, thanks to the restraint exer cised by Germany and Great Bri- tain.

On the outbreak of war a par- ticularly vulnerable spot was the point of the Meuse projecting to wards Liege und Alx-la-Chapelle, which squeezed the German right flank. between the Dutch frontier and the Venn Hills and necessitated an attack on the Belgian fortress of Liege.

there-

This Meuse projection with

Bave

proof of its essential im- portance in effectively protecting Belgium and even France against German forces,

ous

While the Germans were desir- of respecting Dutch neutrality all clrcumstance, it was in danger violation Ly Great Britain.

In

of

In the summer of 1917, when England was hard pressed by un- restricted submarine warfare, it loaked for a long time as if the British intended to land troops on⚫

Island

of Walcheren or on the the neighbouring coast of Dutch Flan- ders and thence to destroy the base of our submarines operating in the Channel und, If possible, in con cert with the fierce western affen- sive of that time, to outflank the right wing of the German army in Belgium.

The British could have landed 15,000 men In 12 hours and, from Walcheren or from the mainland, could have destroyed our sub- marine base at Zeebrugge with long range guns.

In case the Netherlands should remain passive in face of this breach of their neutrality by Great Britain, we had provided two in- fantry divisions and one cavalry division, known as the

"Ghent Group," to deal with this dunger. If, on the other hand, Holland joined the Allies, in order perhaps to save her colonial empire, which depends on English goodwill, the Ghent Group, was to be reinforced by two army groups from the East, which were to invade. the Netherlands from both banks of the Meuse:

did

כת

British invasion A materialise. Had it done so, It is that Germany would have been bound to do everything she could to prevent the British from setting foot in the south west corner

of Holland, since this would have compelled the early with- drawal of our right flank.

The

must have regretted English that they were not strong enough for this enterprise, the more so when they remembered their occu- pation of the island of Walcheren and South Egsblandin

1809, undertaken in on altempt, which Incidentally falled, to threaten Antwerp, at that time in French - hands.

}

The Hollanders have grown tot 1066 And All That

on their trade and fearful of losing their cory profita.

They are traders first and last, whether in marshland cattle, bulbs, colonial imports or the products of the Java plantations.

hate

They pursue these activities with a view to securing the maximum profit and a comfortable existence. Rickes and ease are their goal: they are therefore timid and anyone who threatens to rob them of their prize. They, are afraid of losing their splendid colonial possessions in the East, which pre much too large for them and quite beyond their powers to develop fully

Referring to the question" of a German landing in England, mene tion may be made of the coast of Holland as an important base for such an attack.

...This coast threatens the English senboard from Hull to the Thames, and troops can be carried across in a very short time.

The crossing from Flushing to. Margate takes five hours, from the Hook to Harwich seven hours, from Helder to Great Yarmouth the same time

Troops can therefore be quarter- ed on board without my special considerations of comfart.

Why was this not done the lant war? What did we gain by res upucling. Dulch, neutrality?

They are not likely to be the heroes they were in 1800,

until taele prace and comfort ́ ́are" at stake and a foreign" 'shemy is It would appear that we com- threatening to take from them mited paychologien CITÖP. what -- thay - holde daarest, in-the-We felt that the march Into Bel-

Aged Portuguesa Resident Passes Away

An old and respected mynber of the Hongkong Portugues com- ¡munity, Mrs. Malvina Ramgel Azevedo, died at her home in Victory Avenue carly yesterday morning, and was buried at the Catholic Cemetery, Hoppy Valley, In the afternoon.

Mrs, Azevedo, who was 60 years of age, came Hongkong from Macao at an early age. She is Bur vived by three grandchildren, Mr. C. P. Busto, Mr. J. Basto, who is at present in Brazil, and Mrs. J. E. Noronha. The late Mrs. Azevedo's daughter, Mrs. J. S. F. Basto, died about three years ago.

to

The Rev. Fr. J. Guarona, of the St. Louls Industrial School, officlated; at the funeral service in the chapelj and, at the graveside. The chilef mourners were Messrs, C. P. Basto und J. E. Noronha,

A group of boys from the St. Louis Industrial School, under the charge of Rev. Bro. Smith, attended, and others present included Messrs, E. A. Noronha, J. M. Noronha, F. A Machado, P. A. Yvanovitch, A. C. Botelho. C E. Marques, E. J. Silva, C. Lopes, P. Assumpcao, IL A. Barros, F. H. Barnes and C. E. Roza-Pereira. Apart from a family wreath, which rested on the easitet,, Boral (ributes were sent by Mr. and Mrs. Mant- miano Antonio Gomes and Miss M. Roza-Pereira, Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Noronha, Therese Gutierrez, Mr. and Mrs. F. H. Barnes, Annie de Sousa and others.

NEW COLONY DAM

London

Engineer To Consider Site

צחק

Mr. W. J. E. Binnie, Crown Agents' consulting engineer, arrived by Im- perlai Airways Denebola yesterday

Binnic, afternoon. Mr.

who ussociated with the site cholce and construction of Hongkong's Jublice Damn, has come to consider u possible site for the construction of another dam to supplement the Colony's

water reserves.

Both Mr. Binnie and Mr. J. H. Siera, who has come to Hongkong on

buying expedition for Stern's

KIST

CANNED

FRUITS

and · VEGETABLES

Insist on Sunkist

Sole Distributors

W. R. LOXLEY

Hosiery Ltd., dew all the way from & CO. (CHINA) LTD.

London.

The Denebola was piloted by Cap-

tain C. R. Davies and First Officer J.day was due to a hold-up at Bang- F. Raeburn and brought 341 lb of kok, engine trouble having delayed mall from Empire countries. Her the outward, plane on the trans-India arrival yesterday Instead of on Sun-stage.

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glum had brought enopgh blamó ·' pon our heads and forthat ickson hesitated to violate Hol- land's neutrality.`-

But the indignafton of the world would have been no greater, while Germany would have reaped sub- alanilal advantages...

Among those would have been the avoidance of the losses in front of Liege, a more, rapid advance of the right flank, the immediate occupation of the central part of Holland between Utrecht, Amster-

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The Yaer dykes might never". have been opened, and our right wing would have forped its way through the Channel ports,

Lastly, Britain would have boen in seriode danger of Invi- sion from both Flolland and Belgium and would have had to keep far more troops at home, the Instead of "sending thêm Western Front

We are forced to the conclusion that the milliary problems of the Netherlands was obviously not thorosuring the Inst

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Antwerp would have fallen gooner: the invasion of Belgium short of men, and hips, will not

·would · have; provëd "far," incre hold, for large forces were expend 'qverwhulaing; the Belgian army ged ́on «less euential: undertakings,

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in our ports.