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MARCH NO.
CONTENTS
CHINESE STUDENTS IN DEFENCE OF THEIR NATION
THE VOLCANOES OF THE NETHERLANDS EAST INDIES
THE CHINA WAX AND INSECT. WAX INDUSTRY IN SZECHWAN SOME SEA PENG (PENNATU- LACEA). FROM · AMOY ISLAND "SMALL MONEY"
Saturday, MAY 11, 1940.
THE MAN WHO SAYS ITALY
AN
N English journalist onco asked me to present him to "this man Gayda," the man the world knows as "Mussolini's mouthpiece"...the man who anys Italy is ready to take on 'the Allies.
As we walked down Corsa Umberto to Palazzo Sciarro, where Gayda works, my friend speculated upon the physical and mental characteristics of the fellow journalist he was to meet.
His Iden of Fosclat No. 3 was n composite of Mussolini, Count Ciano, Minister Alfieri, a few Fascist carica- tures by Strube and Low, all super Imposed on a likeness of the Ogre in "Jack the Giant Killer."
My English friend, though one of Britain's foremost political writers. had mental image of Dr. Virginio Gayda which I dare say is shared by thousands of
of Britons.
I thought Gayda was "tall, mas- sive, buldish, with wide mouth, a prominent chin, blush bristling beard, loud of volce, dark, flery of eye. Party dressed always in his Fascist uniform, broad of beam, hammy of flst."
·ALTHOUGH I seldom If ever agree with Dr. Gnyda's political views, it was with a certain satisfaction that I watched the look of amazement la my friend's face usi shook hands editor of 11 Giornate d'Italin. with
What my friend found was a small, mild little man, with twinkling blue- grey eyes behind shell-rimmed spec-
WILL FIGHT US
-by-
FRANK
plano, and Dr. Gayda writes
theme song.
action is largely due
the
GERVASI
IIE was on on nesigament for La Stampa in Russia when the 1914-18
In a sense, Gayda is Italy's lens war broke out, and when Italy later His liberty of entered the war he became an attache fettered journalist.
the fact that in the Italian Embassy at St. Peters- He has become thoroughly schooled burg, entrusted with the task of ar- exchanges of Austrian In Fascist doctrine word I know ranging Gayda
detest.
He contends he is prisoners for Italinas captured by the not 2 doctrinarian. Fascism main- Austrilions.
He left Russia in May 1018, after tains Fascism is not doctrinarian.
first Russian no having witnessed the needs At any rate, Gayda
1020, censorship, for he is sincere to a revolution. Between the time he fault. What he says you may con- left Russia and became, in alder wrong, according to your lights, editor of Giornale d'Italia, he enrried, but you may be certain that what out a few minor diplomatic tasks in
Sweden and England. Guyda says Gayda firmly believes.
number of If you asked Gayde, "Why do you
a
He is the author of a
do it?" he would turn his cold eyes books in Italian, all dealing with look of mingled politics, most important of which upon you with surprise and
reproach. He would is "The Collapse of Russia," published: probably merely smile and give you in 1919.
Hls early metamorphosis into to understand by a shrug of his slight Fascist of the front ranit remains vrifed. Chyda has never been ono
A
the
but expressive shoulders that the question is a stupid one indeed.
use political influence to obtain GAYDA was born August 12, 1885, personal favour, so he makes light in Rome, of Piedmontese stock, which of whatever role he played in
revelation, although it is accounts for us seemingly ascetic Fascist aspect and outlook, his calm reserve, known that as editor of the Rome newspaper 11 Messagero a post filled e shrewdness in business affairs. He lives in Piazza Cavour, one of at the outset of the March on Rome, give he was among the first to A the better quarters of Rome, in
e celling Mussolini's movement his complete everywhere with books, In case you'd support.
to call him up some time. Exis He is easily, Italy's most prolife telephone number is We found Gayda in a spacious office, journalist. His weekly output I He will undoubtedly answer himself, furnished in massive eighteenth cen- would estimate conservatively at fifty for like all newspapermen he lives with a telephone constantly at his tury walnut, seated behind a type- or sixty thousand words.
elbow.
A captain who admitted that he wriler which he works with his two
For all his work, it is to be doubted One of the best informed men in bad talcem ten whiskies and sodas Index fingers at amazing speed. His whether Dr. Gayda carns as much as Italy through his personal contacts during several hours and that they calm, inquisitive face, with a hint of pouchiness beneath the eyes, was out Hned under the light from A huge green-shaded desk lamp.
facles. A wispy, brownish moustache. writes books and special articles and modest villa, paelted to stalned by ceaseless cigarette smok- broadcasts twice a week. ing, concealed a thin upper lip.
books
旮
tary
Rome 34-773. Captain Admits He
Had Ten Drinks
top-flight English editor, or even as with Mussolini and Clano, he will did not make him incapable of driv- much as a good sub-editor.
never give you even a glimmer of ing. was oned £25 at Manchester
Government Yet he has probably one of the what he knows his
15 recently, biggest render audiences in the world, going to do next, su won't be any He was Captain Philip Havard He often dictates his articles, but for he is quoted from Halifax to use asking him it Italy means to go Johnson, aged thirty-two, of the more frequently pounds then out at Tierra del Fuego, from London to to war!
Woodcourt
rt Hotel, Brooklands, furious speed as the first edition is Timbuctoo.
Judging from what the Italian Cheshire, formerly with Imperial Air- going to press, his large flat-topped desk littered with reference
CONTRARY to popular belief "Who's Who" says about the Doctor,ways, and now occupied with Im- and newspaper files in orderly dis- abroad too, Gayda seldom If ever Gayda was originally cut out to be portant Air Ministry duties.
But after politica-economist,
He was fined £20 for being order..
submits his copy for approval by
fron the School graduating
under the influence of drink when A generous-sized elgarette tray Mussolini or Count Cluno or even to
driving a car, and 25 for driving iles next to his typewriter and the dashing, handsome Minister Political Economy of the University
when disqualified, før a forgotten cigarette sends
up a Alfieri, of the Ministry for Popular of Turin, he plunged Into
offence. Hla lleence was column of blue smoke,
Culture, nce Ministry for Press and and in 1900 became a reporter on the Turin newspaper La Stampa, stili
for three years. He has a slightly high-pitched but Propaganda.
considered one of the best journals in Captain Johnson explained that - not unpleasant volce, and is notorious- What is true in that Mussolini _ or Italy, where alas, there is little to when a constable found him, he was ly poor as a conversationalist. He has never, as far as I know, bees Clano, or perhaps more rarely Alfieri, differentiate one newspaper from an- confused by the black-out and had!
strikes a note on the Fascist polluent other,
run on to the pavement. interviewed. His tongue loosens oc. casionally over the bridge table if the company is congenial, and on such i Occasions he is said to be witty and capable of biting satire.
His appearance on the whole is that of an Episcopalian minister, except that long years of association in the newspaper-making profession have left upon him that indefinable some- thing that stamps a journalist.
He would pass unnoticed in Fleet- street. The way he wears his hat, hls soft shirts, give away his calling. I saw him once in a greyish green striped suft, a battered felt hat, and a blue tie with wide silver stripes.
GAYDA'S most famous journalistic coup was his editorial "Sanctions Mean War," published soon after the League of Nations machinery to apply economic and military sanctions against Italy, in an effort to stop what 3ome of the Press picturesquely called the Rape of Ethiopia, was set in mollan.
Gayda reached heights of Invective in that piece he has seldom equalled since, but it served its purpose, for it told the chancelleries of, Europe that Benito Mussolini was very much in earnest about earying laly a slice of colonial cake, and that any one who sought to stop him with guns would have a fight on his hands.
1 REFERRED to Gayda as Fascist No. 3-after Mussolini and Count Ciano, That is definitely the place he fills in foreign eyes.
In Italy, however, Gayda has little, if any, political importance, ranking high only as a journalist, a fact of which he is proud and modestly con- acious.
He is editor in chief of Il Giornate d'Italia, a Rome afternoon dally with
eirculation of from 300,000 to 350,- 000, and of Voce d'Italia, a Sunday newspaper which is neither morning nor afternoon sheet, but somehow both,
Voce d'Italia has circulation of approximately 150,000. Gayda also edits the afternoon newspaper El Piccolo, another Rome daily, with a circulation of about 100,000.
more
In addition, he writes for serious reviews, such as Affari Inter- nozionali, a literary weekly dealing with International affairs; and he also
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