1940-05-10 — Page 16

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May 10, 1940,

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Hongkong Telegraph.

Friday, May 10, 1940.

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THE proiz “Special to the Telegraph” is used by the "Hongkong Telegraph' to Indicate news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the TelecomunM TAJ!- callons Ordinance, 1936. Buch newS JE bears the indication “UP" is received in #tangkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re #olve all rights and forbid republication, either wholly or in part without previous

arrangeme

Near East Enigma

WHAT

ARE

FIGHTING

HAD a letter the other day

which said: "We don't seem to be fighting for anything; only against it."

The next morning I read an article which said that we were not fighting for democracy or for liberty or for any nonsense of that sort. "We are fighting for England."

England, however, was not being attacked. Why, then, were we fighting? Because, in a year or so, when Germany had, made all the conquests which she wanted in the East, then she would have attacked France.

A. A. Milne

by A. A.

You know Milno as a brilliant writer of essays, plays, light vorto.

His Here he writes in a different mood. subject is the one that matters more to you all than any other.

And the "Telegraph" believes that what he has to say will interest you.

WE FOR?

Totalitarian State: In which each in- dividual is told:

"Nothing which happens to you matters; the only thing which matters is the welfare of the Island.”

We see at once that the only "wel- fare of the island" conceivable jy the

• welfare of each individual, irlander. And we see that a totalitarion Is- land can only justify its existence by competing with, and obtaining vic- torles over, neighbouring islands,

Inevitably a successful war la the completo victory, the ultimate form of the laland-State's self-expression.

One may note, too, in passing that the only time when the individual in a democratic country is asked to subordinate himself to the State in when his country is at` war,

war. Very well; we lost that war. But in a Totalitorlan State the gang- It is clear, therefore, that whether Now we are fighting again. We ster may easily be the autocrat. Hitlerism, Mussolinism. Stalinism and And when, In this next war, she

This is one reason why the people any similar form government are had defeated France, then In another may lose again; but we cannot enter year or so she would uttack England. upon a war with the fear that we are (democracy) offer a safeguard for to be regarded as the expression of peace which cannot be offered by the a genuine political doctrine or merely going to lose.

as an excuse for autocracy, they are, individual (autocracy).

danger to the pence

So we were fighting a war to

We must believe in ourselves. It prevent a war which would lend to

is no good fighting any sort of battle war against England..

It sounds like something from unless one is determined to win and

believes that one is going to win. Gertrude Sleln.

Our war-aim therefore (yours and mine, since we are intelligent men) to end war. Where we may difer

NOW it seems to me that no man from other people (Including, unfor- of intelligence can take part in a war tunately, members of the Govern at this point in history without the ment) is that our aim is, possibly, fixed determination in his mind that, only their hope.

The other reason is this: a Totali- they must be, tarian State by definition exists for of the world. the benefit of the State, not for the benefit of its members.

But if the State claims to have a

If this war ensures the triumph of democracy, and only if so, then it ends war.

life of its own to which the life of its life can only be a life in competi- every individual is subordinate, then

What is our Pence Alm? The im- tion with other States; its only mediate object of the war is to de- stroy Hitlerism. The immediate ob- as for as he can ensure it by his own In a democratic country the people, victories over its competitors."

One can see that this must be so ject of the Inst war was to destroy actions, it shall be the last European the main body of troops, maric the

singe of civilisation which that if one imagines a group of islanders Prussian militarism.

We should know by now that de- singe of in the Pacific, cut off from the rest of I know that many of us said in 1914 country bins reached; a that we were fighting a war to end civilisation which is now beyond war. mankind, forming themselves into a struction is not an end in itself, but

only a means to an end.

War.

Foolish stories DONT throw persions on

the bravery of the enemy. That kind of talk is facile. Thaye la tog'rouch of le about

We

We of the 1914-18 war called the Germans all sorts of things. But never did we call them cowards.

We

knew them too well for that. People at home (who had the time to learn to hate) called them Huns, and Boches, and things like that.

We out in the mud

against them કાચા ચા called them Jerry, or Fritz.

We never liked the Germans. We hated the Germans-except we of a bombing raid on

never

e never called Fritz a Coward

nasturtium in a frost," showed us how mistaken it was to look on Jerry as having no guls (which is the soldier word for courage).

Jerry stood up to it.

And I saw then an

example of

chest smashed by shrapnel.

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possible developments of the war is intensified. It is not thought likely that the present state of inactivity will continue for long.

We destroyed the Kaiser, and Hitler followed; we destroy Hitler- and then what?

Unless we decide rightly we shall have lost another war. It destroying Hitlerism is our war-alm, what is our peace-nim?

There are many who think that It should be a revived League of Na- tions; a League which shall do all the things which the last

Lengue failed to do; à League which shall really unite against an aggressor: a League, some say, with an interna- tional standing army to enforce its authority.

Then this happens: British N.C.O. (who has observed It is difficult to imagine such an the scene: "Why did you do that? army mobilising against (say) Rus- sia; perhaps.still more dimcult to Can't you see the man's hurt?"

German officer: "Do not dare to imagine it mobilising against (say) speak to me so. Do you not see I am Germany. a German officer and he is one of my It is casler to imagine an Interna-

tional Air Force.

But an air force is at its most effec- when used as threat. The threat, if defined, can only be carried out by dropping bombs upon "mill- tary objects," which would inevitably include women and children.

Law does not easily compete with lawlessness in threats, and actions, of frightfulness.

menght US, instead of the people bure. Thought of, and pondered over,

to. I am a British N.C.O. And if I see tive ever since. Let me present it We'll show them.

you do anything like that again I'll and did, show them. Usually two to And the hate lasted until we could, you

The time: Dawn.

bring down the butt of my rifle on The place: A mine-crater in No- your head, officer or no officer." three days. Then we just went on

That British NC.O, was me. with our job of war, and our normal. Mau's-Land.

We have been over the top; taken way

as I think of war. I think And

still, as of regarding the war-and

and that German officer had terride a bunch of prisoners officers JERRY.

(about) nineteen. men. We have courage - 19 Germans know and And that was. .?

mustered them in this crater until we, understand courage to try to keep But though if is diMcult to imagine the iron face that is the German idea such a League in action, and difficult can get them down the line.

One

to understand why its pledges should Jerry starts whining, rubbing of courage. There will doubtless be renew- We distrusted every thing about his hand up and down his chest. At Thirly men (English) were left to be more sacred to its members now ed reports of German intentions him, except his courage. We knew we last the officer takes notice, goes to hold a trench. Twenty-eight were than before, it is stupid to say that therefore such a League could not be could distrust him in everything but him, and says something (in German) killed. The two others held on.

We to break through Holland or stay-and-take-it power. be- which sounds like, "What are you They talked of England, and prim-brought into being, could not be made

littled him in every way but one: we making all this fuss about?"

roses, and held on. And still "live to workable. Belgium, or both.

What I think we can say is that no For the said he kepi his trenches dirty (foul

The private says something (in tell the 'story."' slur og

soldier). on any

German) which sounds like: "I've

State which submitted to the authority moment, however, attention is

such The first bit of hand-to-hand fight-got it here, sir."

League could possibly be a ing, when our barrack-square in- rather directed to the Near East.tructor's spirit still hoarse-whispered of the private's tunic at the bottom,

Totalitarian-State ruled by Whereupon the officer grabs hold

autocrat.

One cannot glorify the State and The Allies have a large army to us: "Show a Germen a bit of cold rips it upwards, tears off three but- I steel and he'll wilt before you like a fons in the process, and exposes a in that quarter. Italy is also

State is independent. very much on the alert. She has made it known that she could not be indifferent to any- thing affecting the Near East and the Balkans.

But, strangely enough, Hitler's two friends, Stalin and Mussolini, aro far from being. friends with each other. The

.

Duce has lost none of his detestation of Bolshevist in- fluences in Europe. He main- tains

that consistency in matter which Hitler has com- pletely abandoned.

a

The Turkish Prime Minister, in some discreet but significant references to the situation, said the crisis had now come to his country's door. Officially, rela- tions with Russia are changed. Actually, Turkey can JESEC have no illusions about Moscow's

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lack of goodwill towards her.

Sho refused to be Russia's tool, and is therefore in Stalin's black books.

Turkey, however, is prepared for whatever may befall. She has a clear sense of where her duty lies. If war should be forced upon her she will make common causo with the Allies. The Near East situation is un- còrtain, but Franco, Britain, and Turkey have made the fullest preparations to check-mata Gor- man, Russian or even Italian aggression in this vital region.

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BOMBS. BLITZKRIEGS

I thank England for our English

conrage,

"Don't belittle the Germans" courage.

But trust ours to win.

of

an

W. T. Knott oneself through the State unless the

NAZI HIGH SCHOOL FOR GAULEITERS.

THE NAZI ATLAS.

Copyright in all countries

Even an "axis" détracts a little from one's glory-unless one is con- vinced that one is the dominating partner in the exis.

WTC

So that, if such a League effective in maintaining peace, the effective part of it would be composed of democratic countries, willing to submit to the decision of the majority, willing to subordinate their own in- terents to the general good.

it

I think that we should make clear, as soon as possible, that in our view demoerney Is the only safeguard of peace, and that we are prepared "after the war" to co-operate is the fullest and most generous way with all other democracies.

Our first peace-uim should be a Lengue of Democracies, which shall utterly renounce ali war as between themselves, and which shall, as soon las practicable, remove all friter-tacl

barriers.

The idea behind the League should' not be mutual assistance in" "wer-time, but mutual assistance in peace-time; und democracies only should eligible for inclusion.

be

It is time that we cleared our minds [of a' good deal of cant about rulcern-

cles.

We pleud in their excuse "the right Inf countries to choose their own form: of government." No country ever "chose" nutocracy.

·Russia didn't; Italy didn't; Germany- didn't; Spain didn't.

Autoerney 10-day begins as a revolt against sume other form of govern. - ment; a revolt which may or may not be supported by the majority of the people, but is supported by a fighting- mujority; that is, by those with the greater military resources.

The leader's Arst autocratic and entirely unjustifiable action on ng- quiring power is to deny not only those who opposed the revolt, but whose who supported it, any further- part in the new government of their country.

After which It is nasumed that the people chose autocracy; and that,. being foreigners, they must be ex- pected to have thele funny little ways, on which It would be bad form for an English gentleman to comment.

-F

This is nonsensɑ. Wo cat com- ment on cannibalism, we can com ment (and have commented · before: PLEASE Turn To Pago 24