1940-05-01 — Page 26

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OSLO WAS BETRAYED BY NAZI PLOTTERS WITHIN HER GATES

First Full Narrative of Germany's Penetration of the Fjord Defences and Seizure of the City

For the first time, in the despatch published below, the full story is revealed in Hongkong of the treachery among Nazi supporters in Norway and highly-placed officials which made possible to the German Navy and Army their unchallenged entry into Oslo.

It reveals that an order, forged in the nume of Dr. Koht, Norway's Foreign Minister, forbade resistance by the warships at the naval base in Oslo Fjord; and that the electrically controlled minefields in the Narrows were rendered harmless as part of the plot.

Our contributor was also an eye-witness of the strange and bewildering events of the hours which followed the occupation and describes the "triumphal march" of the German troops at that time numbering only some 1,500-through the principal boulevard. He tells of the embargo of the German censorship on all messages from Oslo to the outer world; his despatch now brings to light a story which was "crying to be told."

BY AIR MAIL FROM A SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT

STOCKHOLM,

UTI

the

were

24

janee accurred at Oslo, and until now events including the fact that two only through the personal interven- Raymond Cox, First FOR the first time the story has probably never been reported. Gerinan cruisers were sunk. "Later tion of Mr.

The German Legation held a soiree to the Germans got about 100 men Secretary, who remained in charge behind Germany's paralysing which were invited 200 persons repre-ushore. There Was some fighting, of the American Legation, that our twelve-hour invasion of Norway enting Norway's most influential We had four men killed and the first despatches, were, finally accepted

Germans All the members of personalities, on Tuesday, April 9, can be told. pe Government were invited, many nothing we could do.

there two. But

was the only despatches which The officers allowed to puss for more than Between midnight and noon

We hours. that bewildering day Norway's officers of the defence forces, and of our ships ran up white flags.

Norway's capital · In very quarter capital, all her principal seaports and lending bankers, shipping executives did not know why and I still do not

and industrialists, The invitation know why. We thought her most strategically valuable coastal

completely without leadership, Ap- Tol. 27778/9 defences fell into German handa keemphasised the importance of the orders from the Gover they had was a scene of dazes disorganisation,

soiree by stipulating white tics,

parently even the men who had been overripe plums.

vero uniforins "and decorations."

called to the colours did not know The Norwegian people were

"BAPTISM OF FIRE"

where to go or simply forget about stunned, as the selgian people must have been stunned in 1914, and most; Despite the great formality imposed

it. The streets were filled with men of fighting age, all standing watching of them still have not the slightest it was no official dinner. Norway's

the German planes, waiting and

going nowhere,

GARAGE

Stubbs Road

DEATH

CHURN-On May 1, 1940, at 8.20 a.m. at her residence, 53 Conduit Road, Lemo Johnsford Churn, aged 40 years. Funeral will pass the Monument at 5.30 p.m. to- morrow, please copy).

་་

In this fashion Norway's capital was betrayed from within and the German occupation of Oslo assured before its Government knew what hed had happened or Parliament

capitulate.

refused to

conception how this incomprehensible eilte had been invited toʻzce "an un- courageous Germuns had captured speculating but doing nothing and

proved

usually interesting film." It I spent those hours in Oslo, together tre which deplets in most graphic nirendy ordered mobilisation as a pre-

be the cinema Alm "Baptism of Horten, Fire"

(Shanghai papers at the Chrisitan Science Mon/dogulshed Norwegian audience sai in

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wednesday, May 1, 1940. Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20615

to

THE prefix "Rpects to the Telegraph i used by the "longkong Telegraph indicate news which is strictly copyright under the grovisions of the Telecommual cations Ordinance, 1936. Buch news' Ki bears the Indication "UP" is received in Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who res serve all rights and forbid republication, either wholly or in part without previous arrangement.

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ments on ministerial

utterances.

But apart from occasional echoes of old social controversies, party feeling In largely in abeyance. All groups-- or at least all the more important groups are in agreement about the main requirements Ior war, about conscription, and the need of rinking the everything else secondary to

If it is emelent preselillon of war. true that the party system is of the essonce of Parlamentary government, then it might be supposed that had government Parliamentary

ceased.

But, on the contrary, Parliament has by no means ceased to function.

It is extremely active, although the form of its activity is not that to which politicians are accustomed, Criticism is ceaseless, but in the main it is the criticism of Individuals listening to the voice of the man-la-

than that of the street rather political party. It is heard just as often from Conservative members as from the Opposition.

鞍

The House of Commons has become

that it hu

it.

neross the border.

#

NOT SUBDUED BY ARMS

Before the

the Oslo Government had

Accordingly, before day-

MLS,

ELVIRUM HAMAR

n

KORTC

W

It was like this until 2.30. Then as I walked up to the hotel desk the porter asked me "Aren't you going oul to see the Germans come in?".

"What do

the Ger- you mean, Mors?"

"Yes, they're marching up Carl- Johan Boulevard any minute now." I called Irvin and Stevens; we rushed outside Into the strangest #vene imaginable. Oslo's beautiful main boulevard was jammed with people all locking to see the Ger- Inons come in. Strangest of all were the Norwegian policemen calmly forming lines along the pavements clearing the streets for the Germans' triumphal entry. One policeman told the Germans would be there within 10 minutes.

me

tragedy could have happened.

with two other American newspaper- men who were on the spot-Warren details Germany's serial destruction caution. Irvin, of the National Broadcasting in Poland. For over an hour the dis- break on April @ scores of young Corporation, and Edmund

horror of gripped by the icy

silence, we ourselves could scarcely accept it scenes. Afterwards the German the evidence of our eyes. But I had Minister explained that the film was Aim, since it to remain in Osio through four days not a war but a peace of the German occupation to learn showed what nations which chose how this miracle of lightning naval pence would save their people Cer- and military occupation was made man Legation that night filed with possible. Then I could scarcely be-gloomy ominous thoughts. Heve my

my curs.

In Osto I learned that Major After that, with the last train con-Quisling, leader of the pro-Nazi Nor- nections with Sweden severed, Irvin weglan party called the Samling aud and I decided to try somehow to get till to-night Premier of the socalled "National Government" set up after the German occuption, was in Berlin at the time the film was being shown It was the only possible way to give in Oslo and while the expedition was detalled account of the most seing organised. He returned to Oslo

All this and what follows I told astonishing thing that has happened on Saturday, April 6.

in n despatch which I handed in that since the second World War began.

On Sunday night the British sowed

Tho Sea Approach to Oslo afternoon-but the Germans had just Norway's capital and great sea- the minefields below Narvik. On

taken over the telegraph building ports were not captured by armed Atonday Berlin's Press famed against Norwegians reported at Horten Rail- and I learned two days later that forec. They were seized with un-provocation." In the first hours of way Station. They were immediate not a line of the despatch was ever paralleled speed by means of a Tuesday, April 0, Norway's naval de-ly rounded up by German marines sent. gigantic conspiracy which must un- fences were betrayed to the German of the landing party and placed Meanwhile we

supposed that the doubtedly rank among the most feet and the first German troops were aboard the German ships which had world know most of the story. audacious and most perfectly oiled landed at Fornebo, Oslo's airport, a come up.

We waited half, an hour on the pofitical plats of the past century. few hours after daybreak..

Meanwhile we had spent an cerle hotel balcony with an excellent view By bribery and extraordinary In- This brings us to the methoda by night at sio's Grand hotel, with a all the way up the boulevard filtration on the part of Nazl agents, which Oslo Fjord and, Osto itself were succession of air raid alarms, of its beginning at the foot of the hill

by treason on the part of a

Low

captured

the from

scu in the early which the first sounded. 35 minutes on which the Royal Palace stands. placed Norwegian civilian morning hours of

of April 8.

after midnight, about the time the. The Marching Column and defence officials, the German The Germans could not enter with- mobilisation was ordered.

Shortly before three o'clock two dictatorship built its Trojan horse out controlling the vital Norweglun At first I did not understand the lorries lled with a dozen German Inside Norway.

rolled along the street. Then, when the hour struck, the naval base at Horton. At 1.30 that alarm, as the sirens were duerent soldiers

a half hours e morning-three and a

rifics German plotters spiked the guns of fore Berlin's ultimatum was handed from those of Helsinki and sounded Soldiers lolled in them with

uke motor-cars honking in a trafic dangling as if they had been assured. most of the Norwegian navy and to Dr. Koht, the Norwegian Foreign

Later Stevens and I decided that they had not the slightest resist reduced its formidable fortresses to

mes that

the impotence.

worships at Horten rehearsing the air arm as a precau- sesond

two lorry ceived an urgent message Foreign

wason-So-f-refused-to-get-up until poked their noses-out,-straight- ful of key men in administrative to Dr. Koht, die Nowegian

Finnish the boulevard. Their o'clock. Then seven self; diplomat informed me of the ultima

hard

facos, ready prone, with intent, us coming direct

Htun und the Government's decision to fire. This was the only show of and wasnt 2 Koht himself,

Lo leave,

force and all that was needed. At 7.45, while we still had not At 3.3 a murmur ran through the the slightest idea what had happened crowd. We could see two mounted

Absolute control by only a hand-/ Norw" the commander of three 30 the Norwegians were only re- ance to fear. From the rear of

In

positions and the Navy was necessary to turn the trick and supposedly

been faultlessly from the Government via the Minis everything had prepared.

try of Foreign Affairs. It ordered the The conspiracy was about 90 per Norwegian ships not to tight against cent according to schedule. Only in German warships which were about two or three places was 11 marred

upen.

ת

For the success of the German

his

to

machine-guns right down.

crews

lay

in Oslo Fjord and at Harten, five men swinging into the boulevard in by unexpected hitches, but Nor-to come up the fjord, and to put all

over the rooftops so low that they then the head of a marching column way's sen gales were already wide their men ashore Immediately-with-Nazi bombers suddenly came roaring front of the Palace then six more,

out their arms.

The mounted men Without questioning the origin of almost touched them. We watched, in field-gian policemen actually plan the capture of three key eltles the order the commander ordered all them come, expecting every moment were

that bombs would fall. For two and escorting the German troops which ashore except siokers and men was essential. These three were

half hours German 'planes dived

were occupying the capital. We messmen. Oslo, Bergen and Narvik. It is re- Ifere one slight hitch occured which over the city, always only three or looked on uncomprehendingly. Later ported that Narvik was betrayed to. was costly for the Germans. The five in number. They were intend- I was told that the Norwegian pollee the Germans by its commanding Norwegian minelayer Olav Tryggva-ed to terrorise the populace into sur-men never carry any kind of arms;

was why they failed officer. How Bergen's harbour de son had unexpectedly put in for re- render and the authorities into Inac- mystery so far as can learn. But pairs the previous evening. Her pre- tion while the first troops were being fulfil the Government's

The

columa marched most important of all to the Nazi sence was apparently unknown to the landed by air at Fornebo, outside the rest Quis

"Thousands of Osloans gazed at steadily nearer through a lane plot was the Immediate domination leaders of the conspiracy in Oslo. city.

and fearfully. of Oslo Fjord, with its mighty This was the only Norwegian war

but 20,000 or 30,000 Osloans, fully half fortresses, and the forcing of iis vessel which did not receive the order them curiously

was and thus she remained in a conditiondreamed that German warships were A tall, broad-shouldered ouleer, Gen. no panic. None of us of whom were men of military age. virtually impregnable narrows al Drobak, together with the seizure to fight.

fences

were taken remains

this

also

to

order to

ar-

of

Falkenhorst, and two other Afterwards the Norwegian sailor in the inner harbour and that Oslo von of the great Norwegian naval base who verified these developments de-

was already doomed. We still officers marched directly behind the ut Herten.

Then came the Ger mounted police. Only in this manner could the clared: "It was only through treason

come come at any moment. I man regulars in column of threes, as Germans penetrate to Oslo and that the Germans got in."

that the it to Meanwhile, an even greater coup seemed utterly incredible

that British

ships and 'planes

deliver the almost irresparable blow had been scored by the plotters. The Narrows could have been force it to make the line' look ns. long as

ment,

forces

aluminium

....

by possible. One out of nine carried to Norway's Parlamentury Govern-Narrows of Olse Fjord were mined the Germans and the powerful forts light machine-guns; all carried com- kits and bulky and controlled from Drobak. About of the fjord silenced.

e pact ARMY ADVICE AGAINST

1.30 on the morning of April 9 these The same madness of incompre-shoulder-packs. To seize the whole of Oslo-Fiord mines were all rendered harmless by hensible events continued all day They were hard-muscled, slony- and force its narrows would have sing electrically disconnected from long. First there was mystification faced men. They marched with rifles appeared impossible to any forelgul the Drobak control. The mystery of over the city's complete lack of de- on shoulders with beautiful precision. government except the Nazi Dicta- who ordered this to be done remained fence from Ita naval

und Mostly they stared straight ahead, torship; but by methods even more unsolved when I left Olso, but this constal forts. Then it was the im- but some could not restrain trium- astonishingly efficient than those move enabled a German cruiser to

of the low-flying Nazi

phant smiles in the direction of the mmunity which it used against Austria ori penetrate the Narrows before dawn. planes to the thousands of

of machine- onlookers. Czechoslovakia, the inconceivable. "Nothing We Could Do" gun bullets which spattered almost

Greated With Naxi Salute was accomplished. Until now, I At 4.50, still half an hour before incessantly until after 10 o'clock.

Several times Falkenhorst and the believe the outside world has had the German Minister handed the Then it was the further fact that other two eflcers returned the Nazi to guess how it was done:

Nazi ultimatum to Dr. Koht, a Ger only one anti-aircraft battery seme salutes of persons in the crowd, who To understand the scope of the

against the German must have been German advanco a sort of watch-dog for the public, conspiracy one must go back to some man cruiser, belleved to have been to be firing

the Emden, accompanied by two planes, and that even this became agents and had been busy in Oslo weeks before this crowning censeicasly reminding an Executive, where near the climax of the plot. submarines, reached Horten. The silent after fring only a few shells, fot

to reckon with public In Oslo I-learned on most reliable three Norwegion war vessels there all of which were inexplicably wide moment. opinion and must march in step with authority that Germany's tea forces were completely helpless, but the of their mark.

From our hotel balcony two Nazis and troopships sailed from the Ger- little minelayer Olev Tryggvason

Dazed Disorganisation: gave the salute. I noticed. In parti Many members regard it as one of man ports for their Norwegian adven blocked the entrance to the Norrews. Finally, at 10.30 came an equally cular the benming face of a chic their most important functions to ex-ture during the night of Thursday, She *Immediately discharged tor- fantastic Jull, during which the slim, biondo German woman whose tract information from the Govern- April 4-three full days before the pedoes and sank the cruiser and one German planes only circled occasion. husband had been very active in our ment, not for handing it on to the British mined the upper Norwegian submarine.

ally and absolutely nothing seemed hotel since we arrived the previous

Thursday. public, but that their own criticism coast between Bergen and Narvik,

It was reported, though I am un- to happen..

It the de- was also informed with be informed. Hence

Impressive

was a thin, unbelievably short. Tens of thousands of persons able to confirm this, that the cruilaer mund for occasional secret sessions, assurance that the German army Bluecher also was sunk by gunfire clustered in the streets and on the column. It required only six or At a secret session it is expected that chiefs strongly opposed Hitler on the from the Narrows fort called Oskar pavements, waiting, utterly baffled. seven minutes to march past. It was information will be imparted to plan to invade Norway, because they |borg.

We all asked where the British were, composed only of two Incomplete Members for their own use so that Insisted that the communication lines they can more affectively discharge for an array of occupation in Norway other war chips were ashore without Meanwhile, I had a great battle to men in all

In any case the crews of all the but, also, where were the Germans? battalions surely less than 1.500 would be most dangerously limited

Norway's capital of nearly 300.000 arms at Horten; by daybreak the get the Telegraph Ofice to accept Parliament is playing a democratie and exposed.

Tho Nazi party's Radical leaders Germans role effectively, but not in the lenst

had landed marines and despatch without a special Govern. Inhabitants was being occupied by a in the usuni Parliamentary way, or supported the Fuebrer in a decision scized Horten. way through ment Press card. At nine o'clock German force of approximately 1,500 according to the tradition. is it taken avainst the counsel of thetho Narrows was open and Oslo was in the morning Stevens and I could The last of the Germans - troope

defenceless from the sen.

find no responsible chief at his post went hy without a single-deer or possible that a House of Commons regular army chiefs, which enn so change ita procedure in On Friday night, April 5, while the

I talked to another Norwegian who in the telegraph building, only group hiss, without a single tear noticeable German flest and transports were was one of the Horten naval base of perplexed employees standing on any Norwegian thee. En child- - this war may evolve a new technique which in time may fundamentally already steaming towards Norway, an personnel that night. He confirmed about in the corridore-those few

PLEASE Turn To Pago 5. event of enormous historical import=|all the main details of the modify the party system?

may

their critical duties.

મન

Tho

above who had reported for work. It was

'men.