1940-04-26 — Page 23

Friday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

April 26, 1940.

MAGAZINE PAGE

GRIN AND BEAR IT

By Lichty

JURY FROOM

"Everybody laid their bets? The jury's ready to come out!"

This Man

SINCE that last Mon-

day in September when he signalled his resumption of Front Bonch position by announcing the Athonia sinking, Mr. Winston Chur- chill has been one of the three busiest men in the land.

His shortest working day has been of 14 hours. The majority have been of 17 hours' duration,

Sundays are spent in his Elizabe than home at Chartwell, Kent, 40 minutes from his Whitehall desk. Sunday Is a day of continued work, only the denkt being different,

Monday morning's newspapers are brought to him in bed with a cup of tea at am. Two hours later he passes under the famous partico into the entrance hall of the Admiralty.

Once the week has begun, Mr. and Mrs. Churchill never leaves Whitehall, A house is provided for every First Lord, at the south- east corner of the Admiralty Build-

FAMOUS BRITISH REGIMENTS

The

GRENADIER GUARDS

THE British Army, has a record

and traditions equal to any in the world.

Those traditions have been founded and made permanent by the various regiments of the British Army, and of all those regiments none is better known than the Grenadier Guards.

Later, in 1805, this regiment was amalgamated with the 1st. Foot Guards, which had been raised abroad, in 1850. by Lord Went- worth, from loyalists who had accompanied Charles into exile.

The use of the word Grenadiers „did not, however, come into use. until some years later when, in 1077, the first hand Introduced. One

grenadiers or bomb

were of

was attached to each regiment, and every man in the company was specially chosen for his fine stature, sense of discipline and steadiness in action,

These men, wearing tall pointed hats, were always to be found where the fighting was fiercest, and they established that tradition whereby, the Grenadiers, and the other four regiments of Guards, must always be ready to go into action wherever dunger is greatest.

*

Title Established YET these original grenadiers were not known na Grenadier Guards. The hand grenades which had been introduced in 1677 went out of favour by 1768 and the tall pointed hals

aly had been

een replaced by

all fur cops the forerunners the now-famous bearskin. In the

ה

same year, the grenade was award- ed as badge

to the regiment, but was not until after Waterloo that the title of Grenadier Guards was permanently established.

At that historic battle, in 1810, Napoleon Jaunched his Imperial Guard in a desperate attempt to break the British Hines. Much of the attack fell on the Foot Guards who, far from yicking, inflicted heavy losses on their gallant op- ponents. It was as a reward for this that the regiment was given the title of Grenodler Guards, and was granted permission to wear the bearskin cap in commemoration of the victory.

THE way in which the truditions of those carly grenndiers have been maintained in moxtern times muy be gauged from the records of the battle of Ypres, in October, 1914, The Grenadier Guards went into that action with 01 officers and 450 other ranks. They emerged with

officers and 150 men.

4

Bome

The regiment, In fact, has been in the thick of overy war since its foundation, and has taken part in ol the most famous butlles in history. Among the battle honours which appear on the Regimental Colours are Tangler, 1880 Nomur, 1895 Blenheim-Corunna Khar- toum and, in the Great War, Marne, 1914Ypres, 1914 and 1017-Loos and the Somme, 1910 and 1918.

By

D. J.

MURPHY

V

The regiment also played a not- able, part in the capture, in 1704, of Gibraltar, and they did valient service in defending the fortress when it was later besieged.

Men of the regiment have even fought at sea aboard British naval vessels, and they took part in the desperate, yard-arm to yard-orm struggle with the Dutch at Sole- bay.

Regimental March

some

of

The Grenadier Guards have, aptly enough, adopted as their regimental march that famous old Grenadiers", lune "The British which begins with the words "Some tall of Alexander and Hercules."

The regimental uniform consista of scarlet tunics and blue trousers

·with broad red stripe. The Grenadiers are, of course, world- famous for their black bearskin caps, and they can be distinguished from the other Guards' regiments by the fact that they wear nine buttons, all equally spaced, on the front of thele tunics,

Yet there is

something typically British about the fact that this proud regiment should have nickname of "The Coalhenvers". Not that the Grenadiers object. On contrary, during many of their famous actions in the Great War they used, as a battle-cry, the slogan "On, the from

the

This nickname

the

other

the days when men of the regiment were regularly hired out to coal merchants, and often to traders, for the heavy work in- volved, the money earned on such work going to the regimental fundal Visitors to Londors will frequent- ly see men of the Grenadiers on guard at Buckingham Palace when The King is in residence, or 2 small company of them

marching, with traditional right, through the City of London, on their way to the night guard of the Bank of Eng- land.

it

The Grenadier Guards have magnificent history, To-day they are as steadfast and reliable 08 were their forerunners of nearly three centuries ago.

Is News

ing, and this is linked to the Ad- miralty by a connecting door ao that Mr. Churchill only has to take a few paces from his bedroom to his desk.

In the Admiralty building, Mr. Churchill spends almost as much time in the library as in his office. The library contains 100,000 books covering every phase of Britain's naval efforts, past and present-in- valuable source of information that is consulted hourly by the First Lord or the chiefs of his 4,000 staff.

Also the library houses thousands of offelal documents, giving full de- falls of every great naval engage- ment ever fought.

Where History Was Made

MUCH of Mr. Churchill's day is spent in the Admiralty Board loom, the nerve centre of Britain's naval operations ever since, in" that same room, orders were handed fo courier to take to Nelson which resulted in the Trafalgar eple. was at the long lable that runs the whole length of the Board Room that Churchill met his Board six days before the last war broke out and ordered the despatch of coded messages which called the entire British Navy to the "ready."

Mr. Churchill's day at the Ad- miralty desk usually commences with reading the special reports

that his chief ofcers have sub- mitted. He rapidly makes penelll- ed notes for his own guidance and future action. Later in the day he will refer to them when he prc- sides over the Board of the Ad- mirally at their daily session.

From those reports he makes careful deductions which enable him to move the vari-coloured flags on the huge wall maps Indicating the hour-to-hour position of every ship in the British Navy.

As early as necessary, the First Lord communicates with his Com- anders-in-Chief. He never al- tempts to interfere with or in- struct them in matters of naval procedure, but he keeps them con- stantly Informed of general policy principles and gives them advice or information whenever they request It. Apart from that he trusts the men on the spot to exercise their own sound judgment.

Keeping in Touch

CONSULTATIONS with members of the Admiralty are constant, We speak allbly of "the Admiralty" without knowing of whom or what it is that Mr. Churchill is First Lord. There are ten members of the Board of the Admiralty; their offelal title is "Commissioners for Executing the Office of Lord High Admiral,"

so designated by Charles 1 after his Lord High Admiral, the Mated" Duke of Buckingham, had been more iterally executed.

Mr Churchill is never out of touch with some or all of the members of

A Thought for To-day

AND the stars of Heaven shall fall, and the powers that are in

Heaven shall be shaken.

And then they shall see the Son of Man coming in the clouda with great power and glory.

I

-St, Mark 13. Verses 25, 26.

told you

N the west of Europe there is a

glow of light. In Berlin stands Hitler. Far to the East the light casts in shadow of Hitler-u · big, gloomy nebulous Hitler. That is Stalin.

Hiller raises his fist to strike. The great shadow flst strikes, too. The Relchsing fire, the Nazi Party and German Arnis purges, Austria, Czecho-Slovalda, Poland.

The murder of Kirov, the killing of the Bolshevik Old Guard and Red Generals, Finland

This shadowgraph Impression is heightened by a book published to- day, "I Was Stalin's Agent,” by W. G. Krivitsky (Hamish Hamilton,

10s. ed.).

П

yenra Krivlisky, for many member of the Soviet Military In- telligence Department, and finally chief of Military Intelligence In -Western Europe, broke with the Soviet two years ago and. Bed to Amerien. Here are some of the stories he has to tell and opinions he expresses:

The alleged conspiracy of Tuk- hachavaky and the Red Army Generals with the German Gestapo was actually a conspiracy of Sta- Iin's ogainst tho Red Army Generals. To "frame" them he used faked evidence manufactured by the Gestapo. and fed to the Russian Ogpu

To remove the only man outside Tussia or Germany who knew of this, Stalin, ordered the kidnapping

By General Krivitsky The Man Who Was Stalin's Agent

In Paris of General Eugene Miller, chief of the Federation of Tsarist Army veterank..

At the time he executed Tuk- hachevsky and his associates, Stalin was conducting secret negotiations with litter through a personal emissary in Berlin. He believed himself on the verge of closing a deal with Hitler. But that was not to came until later,

In the spring of 1931 Sergel Kirov, hend of the Leningrad So- vict, successfully opposed an nt- tempt by Stalin to reverse Lenin's policy of exempting Bolshevik from the death penalty. In 1934 Kirov was assassinated,

The Kirov ense proved as useful to Stalin as the Helchstag fre to Her. Both marked the onset of tidal waves of terror.

Why did Stalin remove all the old lenders and his Army Generals? Old differences of opinion with the High Command of the Red Army remained in his "Opposition." This "opposition," when dragged into the meshes of his Okou machine, be- como a "conspiracy."

On the corpses of his formor comrades and fellow revolutionists, creators and builders of the Soviet State, Stalin has mounted step by step to solitary control over the

the Board. He may send for the Civil Lord and discuss with him the domestic affairs of the Civil Staff. Or he may confer with the Parlin- mentary and Financial Secretary who is the other political

repre sentative on the Board. Each of those high officials must keep the First Lord fully informed of im- portant happenings in their exten- slye departments.

It is a daily duty of the First Lord to receive reports relating to the six Divisions of Naval Staff, each of which hos a Sea Lord on the Board. The First Sea Lord is also Chief of the Naval Staff and reports to Mr. Churchill on impor- ́tant quarter-deck affairs.

An Every Day Job

THE Second Sea Lord is In con- stant touch with Mr. Churchill on all matters of naval personnel; while the Third Sea Lord le Con- troller and Mr. Churchill's expert in the business side..

Not a day is allowed to pass without a consultation with the Fourth Sen Lord, because that officer is responsible to Mr. Chur- chill for all naval supplies and transport. Another omelst with whom Mr. Churchill is in almost unbroken contact is the Fifth Sea Lord, who is chief of the naval air services. The ninth member of the Board in the Deputy Chief of Naval Staff whom Mr. Churchill sum- mona from the famous Room 40 to report on naval intelligence.

*

*

Controls Six Divisions

CHURCHILLIAN wisdom is re- quired when the tenth member of the Board in considered. He is the Permanent Secretary, л position which Samuel Pepys, the diarist, was the first to hold.

The strange thing about that post- tion is that it is held by a Civil Servant, ond the Secretariat of the Admiralty is staffed entirely by civilians. It deals with nothing but naval matters, yet the oficial title of the Permanent Secretory la "Chief of the Military Division."

It is to these nine men that Mr. Churchill turns, almost hourly, for information and expert advice. They are the collecting-points of the work of 25 separute Admiralty departments, each of which deals with specialised maiters.

WINSTON CHURCHILL as the car- toonists saw him in 1914.

SO

peoples of Russia.

Krivitsky reminds his readers of what he wrote several months be- fore the Nazi-Soviet pact of August this year which gave Hitler the signal to start the war. It bears repeating. The theme is this:—

Stalin favoured co-operation with Germany from the moment of Len- in's death.

The idea of Hitler and Stalin as mortal enemies was a myth-o camouflage created by propuganda. The true picture of their relations was that of persistent suller who would not be discouraged by re- buffs. Stalin was the sullor.

His whole international policy of the past six years has been a series of manoeuvres designed to place him in a favourable position for a deal with Hiller.

*

When he joined the League of Nations, when he proposed the

'of Bystem

collective security sought the hand of France, Birted with Poland, courted Great Bri- tain, intervened in Spain, he was calculating every move with an eye on Berlin. His hope was to get into such a posillon that Hitler would find it advantageous to meet his advances.

In the end ho succeeded. The pact of August 23 was the result. The Agure in Berlin stretched out Its hand and met the hand of the great shadow, chuckling to itself in the East.

W, M. T

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