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The
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Hongkong Telegraph.
Wednesday, April 24, 1940.
Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20015
THE predx "special to the Telegraph"
PANDIT NEHRU
"A man who has been bruised and battered."
PANDIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU Fifty years old, educated at Har row' and Oxford, a former Presi- dent of All-India Congress Party,
April 24, 1940.
Last month the 600 delegates of the All-India. Congress Committee met to consider the British Govern- ment's attitude to a recent declaration by Congress,. which said:
"The Congress Working Committee invites the British Government to declare unequivocally their war aims regarding democracy and imperialism and the es- tablishment of a new world order, and how these aims will be applied to India now, and whether they include the elimination of imperialism and the treatment of India as a free nation whose policy is guided by her own people."
The Committee meets near Gandhi's homo so that he may be consulted.
In this cable to the London News Chroniclo, PAN- DIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU, former President of the All-India Congress Party, explains India's attitude to the war and her desire for a clear statomont of our war and peace aims.
India, he says, will join in the fight to end Hitler- ism, but before that
INDIA MUST BE
FREE
now Chairman of the Congress Imperialist order, and to India. War Emergency Committee and India can take no part in defend- President of the State People's ing Imperialism, but she will He has been in join in the struggle for freedom. Conference. prison seven times. In 1936 he India's resources was released to visit his wife on but even of greater value is her present Constitution itself has
prosecution of war on India's be-- half.
'Then only is it possible to create the psychological condi- are vast, must be borne in mind. Our tions which can lead to popular:
support. Autocratic and ordin
measures which
India wants to forget the past
her death-bed. She too and good will and her moral sup- been imposed upon us and has ance rule will alienate pubile his father and mother, had been port for a worthy cause. This kept alive hostility. This cannot sympathy and lead to conflic in prison for their fight for Indian is no small offer that India ge by vague assurances and
independence.
makes, for it means the ending half-hearted
of conflict, and stretch out her of a hundred years of hostility will fail of their purpose.
hand in comradeship. But she HE spell of violence between
This historic opportunity must can do so only as a free nation India and England, a
be seized by recognising India on terms of equality. She must and inhuman war- great turning point in world fare holds Europe history and a real beginning of as a free nation with rights to be convinced that the past
draw up her Constitution and over and that we are all striv her Charter of Independence. ing for a new order not only in Anything short of that will mean Europe but in Asia and the
TH
Indicato news which is strictly copyright
eatlons Ordinance, 106, Buch newÈ NA
is used by the *ifiongkong Telegraph" to
under the provisions of the Telecommuni-and threatens the fabric of the new order we fight for.
hears the indication is recelyed in civilisation all
Jongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Assoctations. who re-
over the
serve all rights and forbid republican, world. Behind the clash of either wholly or in part without previous arrangements.
Germany and Hor Youth
The Germans are always on the look out for spicy hits about the failures of the British educational
arms there is a deeper clash
ONLY a free and equal losing this opportunity and keep- world.
India can co-operate of ing alive the spirit of friction of ideas and aims, and the her free will in this task. Till and hostility between India and future of the world hangs in that vital change is made none England. It will mean that not
HER invitation
to the of us have the power to make only we in India but others will
British Government is the balance.
the people of India enthusiastic doubt the sincerity of the war on behalf of all those in the History is being made not for a war which is not theira. A and peace aims and there will world who believe in Peace, Free- system and the troubles. into which only on the battlefields but in popular war must have popular be a divergence between what is dom and Democracy. It will be evacuation landed the Home country. the minds of men, and the vital
a tragedy for all of us if the deep Their papers and wireless make great question for all of us is whether support, and the people must professed and what is done.
realise what it means to them. The first step must therefore significance of this gesture is play with the small regard that our that history is going to be An imposed war will inevitably be a declaration of Indin's full not appreciated and a full re- "plutocracy" is supposed to give to different from that of past ages be resented and will rouse public freedom. This has to be follow- sponse not made to it. Such its future citizens. That is certainly not one of the Nazi defects, and the and whether this terrible war feeling against it.
ed by its application now, in so response will hearten people all last few weeks have seen much will make an essential difference
The whole background of far as possible, in order to give over the world, and will be a publicity given to the new develop- to human freedom and end the
generations of conflict and the people effective control of greater blow to Nazism ments in the Hitler Youth and its
struggle for freedom in India the governance of India and the victory on the battlefield.
allied organisations. The regiment very causes of war and human
degradation.
ing of the children is now extra- ordinarily thorough; "from now on,"
admitted at a great festival evening this week, a sort of initiation cere-
TO India with her thirst for freedom and horror
than
OUTPOSTS OF EMPIRE
strategical point has been countered Britain's determination
to
10
bases scattered in the Mediterruncan
a
ByCaptain P.K. Howard
movements from the East.
and the town was at one time the headquarters of the Admiral Com- manding on the East Indian Station, and had a military garrison, Britain's decision to make it a great fort which will guard the route to the Far East will
undoubtedly help. bring pros. • perity to the port,
Further east still we come to those
and the Pacific.
it is declared, "no German bay or girl will stand aside, the while of youth will be in the service of the Fuhrer," All over Germany there is of war and violence this ques- going on the enrolment-of-the-ten---tion is of paramount importance.play-at tie present game-of
MORE than one-or even two-can) year-olds. The new entrants were She has reacted strongly against Power politics, and the anxiety of the the philosophy and methods of Axis partners to size every available mony like that of primitive society. Fascism and Nazi aggression and by In the last few weeks the brightest brutality, and has seen in them strengthen its many islands and naval of lille boys of ten to fourteen have the negation of all she stands and the Far East. There would play Dodecanese, these having the object fortresses, already in existence and. been sitting for exuminations for the world peace for her means vital part in the defence of the of smashing the Suez route and troop some being built, which bar the way Adolf Hitler Schools, a preliminary for. sifting of chosen leaders. And all Freedom and Democracy and the Empire.
That the British defence appro- children of fourteen, including those ending of the domination of one priations in these spheres have im- to the
The next important stopping place at Government has come who have not hitherto joined, are to
pressed Italy, in particular since she Aden, which is sometimes known as hostile Power must set foot be comprised in the active ranks of
would be more likely to find herself the "Gibraltar of the East." Perhaps PHILIP CHAN
on New the Hitler Youth and assume
P. C. So India condemned aggres-
heir offensive strength, is the most remarkable thing about this Guinea, and so Port Moresby is being up against their
in Press comment. Pro- great fort is that it is built inside the defended and cruisers and destroyers duties. The number of fit children sion in Manchuria, Abyssinia, evident
has been
to the decl- crater of a volcano, and every India- will use it as a base, while the Aus- given to excluded has been small-t is Czecho-Slovakia, and was deeply the naval bases of bound vessel, King's ship, or cargo tralian Royal Air Force will claimed that last year 98 per cent distressed at the events in Spain Singapore, Trincomalee, and Aden, boat, tanker, tramp, or stately liner, the surrounding seas. The most vital becomes in effect compulsory. The and the brutal Nazi invasion of which is represented as being tanta- must pass ite red-brown rocks on the port for the protection of the Com-
mount to
to the creation of "three new way to Karachi, Colombo, or Bombay, monwealth will be Port Darwin, India will therefore Gibraltars" in the Indian Ocean. and our possession of
of Aden, together which is being fortifled, and this too Because of the paramount strotert with the
of the ownership of i
Suez
jez Canal Youth lender in a recent interview. gladly throw in her resources is that "it is the will of the Fuhrer for a new order of peace and cal importance of the Mediterranean gives of the short-will be a naval and Air Force base. route to the Empire much is being est sen-route to the For East. This An Impregnable Outpost that the whole of youth shall pass freedom.
done to make our position secure. also means, and the Italians are fully through the training school of the
the tremendous aware of it, that in case of war they Party, since to-day in war it is the
Everybody knows
# fortress guarding the Imperial the very first day of hostilitles.
its
were enrolled,but Kervice now
nation over another.
reason, as explained by the Hitler Poland.
If this kind of peace is the
minence
patrol
obvious national duty to call up all objective, then the Allies War Value of Malla to the British Empire. would be cut off from Abyssinia from to Singapore, the "crossroads of the
enter the conscription classes. Even
route to the East, although Italy claims it as its "natural"
al' possession, a A Natural Stronghold
the Duce.
The other day the
of
somewhat
the
Whe
more
Port Darwin will be closely linked
East," and the Empire's impregnable outpost protecting the sea route from the forces of the people, and to leave and Peace Aims must be clearly
the Indian Ocean into the Pacific. nothing undane for the future,"
Military
authorities are convinced. There is something extremely ter-defined, and action to-day must not uncommon habit with regard to
Aden is the only fortified point be- that Singapore could never be cap- midable in this regular progression conform to them. Not to do so other people's things on the part
He would find it som
really an outpost of the Indian from corps to corps, it means that or to hesitate is to demonstrate dimcult to appropriate, for since last ren Egypt and Bombay, and is tured by assault from the sea
Where, than twelve years back, the Nazi State has in its hands the that there are no clear aims, and September its defences have been Empire, of which it formed part until was a huge area of unreclaimed. tremendously increased; its air pro-a couple of years back. It is a great swamp and jungle, is now a great boys and girls of the nation from what is said vaguely is not tection has been doubled; and the in-naval coaling port, and one of the naval base, among its assete being a their middle school years until they meant seriously. It is to justify fantry defences are almost completed strategical establishments of the Royal 50,000-ton floating dock and a graving
Air Force. As mentioned although I dock capable of handling
the largest the youngest of them receive some the apprehensions of all who can say with complete confidence has been already heavily fortified, battleship afloat. Not fer off is "the sort of war duties, if it be only in have learnt from bitter experi- tnt Malta is safe, and equally con- and is practically impregnable,
Air Force base, which was fidently that in a very short time she Government are taking no chances,
PROYA
than
the insignificant ARP, work or in the collection of ence that wars overwhelm ideals will be en strong that attacking her and it is being even more formidably fishing village of Seletar a few years waste materials. In their early
and result in imperialism, fight- would be an undertaking of the ul-defended.
ago. Something like £12,000,000 has. teens they give valuable practical
most danger."
Nature has done much for Aden, been spent en making this enormous service in agriculture. Through all ing for mastery and entrench-
Cyprus Comes Into Its Own for it la surrounded by precipitous naval and Air Force base, really an there runs the spirit of discipline and ing themselves.
rocks forming an admirable natural island
island covering about 200 square- "leadership." Thus the Hitler Youth
Lying in the eastern half of the defence, and it is extremely dimeult miles. Mediterranean is an island which has to attack from the desert side. Ene- Finally one comes to the most re- IF this war is for De-Frown vastly in ime some years manage pomemote outpost of the Far East, Hong- This is Cyprus, which for some years Arabs and Turks did manage to pene kong, one of the most important self-
was disparagingly dubbed the Cin-trate the city, and they occupied ustations for the defence of the Pacific. derella of British colonies. With vilinge close by. They were driven Practically, the whole of the navig Alexandria It forms an
after a few Indispensable out again aft
lew days.
Britain, Japan, and the
United way, are fold, fulfilling the
In our chain of bases to India One blatoric town about which we States could 1awing in its capacious Fuhrer's "revolutionary principio"
are likely to hear more, for it is to be harbour, really a series of sheltered that youth must be ind youth annexations, indemnities, or re- very far distant from it is the restored to something of Its former havens covering ten square miles. The Immediate end of all this is the parations, for keeping Colonial
on the the Axis olr-naval strategy, Importance, is Trincomnice,
Plons announced two years bac Army and there have been many peoples in subjection and for the group of islands known as the north-cost const of Ceylon,
Its his involved the sun
spending of £8,000,000 comments in the German papers on how valuable the pre-military train-maintaining the Imperialist Dodecanese, which the Ilallans are tory goes back into the mists of anti-on the defences of the island. These ing in the Hitler Youth has been to system.
one of the first are being kept secret, but they in- strongly fortifying, although up till a quity, for it was
of Tamli settlements on the island; clude the building they the new soldiers. It la claimed that
ew.fond-air- few years back It saves four to six months in the For this urgent reason Con-Turkish hands for centuries, and the Trincomalee has one of the most a very large increase in the training of an Infantryman. These gress has invited the British population is almost entirely Greek. magnificent harbours In the world, in craft defences. From the summit of things cannot be over-estimated Government to state its war and Cyprus la being fortified, and it would which can swing the largest vessels the island a splendid military high- It is acknowledged to be way, 22 miles fong, encircling Hong- be the base from which the Mediter- afloat peace aims clearly, and parti-ranean Fleet and the Air Force would among the half-dozen finest natural kong, can be traced. Along the cliffs: cularly how these apply to the Intercept fullan sailles from the harbours on the face of the globe, are batteries of frowning guns.
is now suffering from the departure
of most of its leaders to the Army but their places, are taken from be low. In the ten to fourteen class the
leaders are to be drawn from older
boys of Alleen to seventeen, in this
wn
when we attempt to assess the Ger
TEL. NO. 22157.
the war.
man tamper and the will to continue
mocracy and
determination and against Nazi aggression it cannot be for
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