1940-04-03 — Page 16

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THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" fs used by the "Hongkong Telegraph" to indicate hown which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni» rations Ordinance, 1936. Buch news as

April 3, 1940.

The most significant statement in this article last month was made by Signor Muti, new Secretary of the Fascist Party-"Italy may at any moment find herself under the necessity of taking up arms.",

The famous Signor Gayda, who voices the opinion of authoritative Italy, explains where his country stands to-day.

IX months have elapsed since the outbreak of people are asking, "What does Italy think?"

WHAT ITALY

The thought and attitude of Italy are con- sidered important, in fact, decisive, because she is the greatest European nation who to-day is not participating in the war and because her known policy, openly declared by Mussolini, has not put her definitely outside the war.

Italy, first of all, has found that the new war promises to be very long, uncertain, terribly costly and exhausting. It ap

than pears, therefore, to more one Italian to be a useless war. All forecasts regarding the war have been denied by facts.

The explosion of mass im- placable and destructive air ag-- gression which was expected has not materialised. Neither party wish to be the first to begin it -to avoid reprisals. The very dreadfulness of air war has, in fact, prevented its outbreak.

Both sides have hesitated to start a war of movement and resolute assault in the Napole onic and even the Prussian tradition.

It is riot the presence of the two opposing lines of defence,

bears the indication “UI** is received in the Maginot and Siegfried Lines,

Bungkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid repoblication, either wholly or in part without previous arrangement.

125 Days Of War

WE look bace to-day upon 125 days of war. They have given us grin proofs that the Crusade to which the Empire is pledged will be a conillet demanding all is tenacity and energy. But thus fur the war, as the Prime Minister has remarked, has been "of a different kind from what

We expected." Lightning strokes have been for three-quarters of a century the master principle of German strategy. Having launched

formidable as they are, which has discouraged this initiative. It is rather a different calcula- tion as to the method of war to be desired.

Allies' Plan

At the end of the 18-day war on Poland, Germany declared that she did not wish to under- take the responsibility of a war. in the West, of which she did' not feel the necessity,

Great Britain and France, on the other hand, calculate on the necessity of saving men, who are less abundant than money in their countries.

By..

*

The present position (In the Mediterranean ) does not coin- cide with a’just European or. der."

PLANS

Signor Gayda

SPAIN

BERMALTAKUNS

FRANCE

FRENCH

FRICA

Impost

ITALIAN

Secondly, by many commer

UMANIA

LIWYA

TURKEY

*

"If Commun- ism should at-- tempt to advance- towards Zones of vital interest. to Europe and Italy, Fascism will know how to reply."

In the new "Better Europe," FROM ITS FORMATION.

TO

cial credits in dollars made by which is to be one of the bright THIS END ITALY FOLLOWS. the United States.

outcomes of peace, equilibrium

Thirdly, by a favourable must be established. trade balance over a long spell of years; and,

THE NEW EUROPEAN CON-

Another boast of the power of FLICT AND THE COURSE OF the two democracies frequently EVENTS NOT AS A NEUTRAL Fourthly, by the occupation echoes through the British and POWER BUT MERELY AS A of Austria and Czech French Press: that England is

BUT

Slovakia and the consequent in a position to close the Medi- POWER NOT TO-DAY DIR- transfer to the Reichsbank of terranean at her discretion be ECTLY INTERESTED,

READY FOR ANY EVENTU- their abundant bank reserves, cause she has in her hands the control of its entrance and exit.

its lightning on Poland. Hitlerism They therefore, intend to con- Germany to save war material showed no capacity, to find a swift duct the war more on an econo- and to intensify her production decision in the West. Experts had mic, political, and social basis of munitions. anticipated, and Hitler and lieutenants had threatened, great air

than on a military basis.

The two attacks on Britain and France. Not one has

and

his

democracies, in

In addition, this static and By what are these newspaper ALITY OF PEACE OR WAR. blank method of war allows claims prompted?

Italy would like to hope that Do they wish to remind Italy to reach the new European order of her position as a potential the extension of the war would

not be necessary. prisoner in the Mediterranean?

The dissertations of the THERE is no doubt that

Her policy hitherto has been. -in-the-long-run-Gor--French and British Press on the to limit the conflict, and, in fact, aircraft have come rarely, sparsely implacable and static siege of many's powers of resistance may possible closing of the Mediter she has been able to succeed.

been attempted. German substance, expect-victory-by-the- with results discouraging to the whole of Germany, who, by be worn out.

ranean warns us in time that

notwithstanding the threatening the present position does not their comrades. Our machines have internal consumption of

This method of war, however, coincide with that just Euro- clouds which first appeared in been proved the better, our bombers sources not compensated by new frequently driving off and sometimes supplies, would gradually may eventually also cause acri- pean order, which should infer the Balkans and the Mediter- shooting down German fighters, our exhaust her powers of resis- ous, even irreparable, damage to the freedom and parity of posi- ranean. own fighters winning even greater tance without undertaking any the Allies, not only economically tions for all nations. success than was estimated. It is great battles. certain that as the weeks and months go by the Air Forces of the Allies, nlready able to deal deadly blows, will develop a strength much greater than that of Germany. On land niso the course of events has justified the

of all things war goes necording to fixed principles." After Poland had been overrun, the mechanised

that

German

re-

THE

THE Western democra-

cies must calculate

and financially but also in re-

one nation or nations.

But only the course of events. But it is these very prospects gard to their imperial interests. ITALY'S conception of a and the development of political that make the war more than The more scattered and greater

better Europe is very and military plans of the belli- ever uncertain and structive. these interests, the more vulner- simple.

gerents will show whether the. able they are.

Italy does not seek in Europe war can be confined to its pre- In these conditions, the war or the world any particular sent sphere. Greek historian's dictum that "teast actually on Germany's capacity shows itself, from my Italian privilege for herself. She is to resist for a very long time. Point of view, us being both against all systems which give

SOVIET Russia's ad- vance into Danubian Statistics are not sufficient to uncertain in its outcome and obvious or hidden supremacy to

Europe and her pressure on columns and swarms of aircraft explain the phenomena of re- above all anti-European. which effected that brutal rapine sistance in war. They have al- For this latter reason Mus- She has still some vital prob- Balkan Europe bring, in the were sent pcross to confront the ready been found lacking in the solini tried as hard as he could lems to be settled, problems meantime, new problems... Maginot Line. They remain con- fatal war of sanctions against to prevent the war and later to which were aggravated instead Does a Communist menace,. fronting it and impotent.

It was not thus

Italy.

of solved by the Versailles sys- such as many foreign__news- stop it. genernis waged war when they had In the present case, Germany

tem.

papers would like to make out, faith in their power to win. We all

Among their reasons for

really exist - In South-East remember how a successful blow must be considered as supplied

The solution of these prob.

Europe? against Russia in the last war was the not only with a resolute spirit being so certain of victory. prelude to mass offensives on the of resistance, but also with most France and Britain brag about lems, according to evident Itali- Western Front. During the weeks of abundant material means.

the superiority of their economic an needs, cannot be further do- Italy cannot be indifferent to Polund's

resistance the Rollant

During recent years she has and financial means and their layed. It is now necessary that this contingency. In fact, Italy's French completed their great con-

are permanent and centration on the frontier and a accumulated vast stocks of raw maritime and political dominion all the great European Powers interests

understand this clearly.

vital, as she borders on Danu- British Expeditionary Force of 158,- materials, iron, copper, rubber, throughout the world.

bian Europe and has to-day be- 000 Joined them, its journey overseas and cotton. Her economic inde- This is naturally a theme It is necessary that they shall come the greatest Balkan Power unassalled by the German Navy or pendence, on the other hand, which must be linked with the recognise and accept these par- of Europe. Air Force, Since then thousands

British troops have crossed the ensures her new possibilities of problem of that "Better Europe" ticular Italian needs and rights, Channel every week. It is now a autonomous productions and which echoes so frequently in which are summarised in two. Italy is not prompted by any fortress war on the Western Front

supplies.

specches in the belligerent coun- phrases: Free and fertile space aggressive plans against Sovjet WAT of endurance and such wars, as history has recorded again

tries.

for expansion of the Italian Russia, and for this her attitude Plenty Of Cash and again, Britain and her Allies

population, which asks only the is different from that of 'other: win. Into the struggle at sen Ger-

It is evident that, so long. ne right to work and produce in Great Powers. Germany has also at her dis- there exist in the world a few pence on Italian territory; free- many has put her main effort and her

posal abundant cash reserves, countries so powerful as to give dom of life and movement of the . Italy intends only to prevent. consisting of→→

First, considerable gold and assured victory before even to claim the elimination of every civilisation, order, and sanity in them almost automatically an Italian nation, which is entitled the expansion of Communiam

and its consequent threat' to appropriated currencies ac a Wor is fought, there

marc

most ruthless brutality. There is no optimism in the conclusion that the campaign of submarine and mine has been baffled, and air attack on mer. chant shipping has not proved the menace that

game, quarters ticipated.

22113-

cumulated during the mark cannot be in Europe a healthy system of foreign control. Europe.

ed money.

But Italy maintains that her needs can find their solution in

crisis, when, profiting by the balance of power nor, therefore, Sen power has given Britain the

speculation in almost every a real guarantee of peace.

Italy's policy in regard to throttling power of blockade. That has been exerted far more drastically country in the world, Bho

a more balanced, sane and just Communiam is in substance an thun in 1914, "All the essential goods changed her own worthless The Versailles system has in- for which Germany has to rely on ocean-borne supplies are now denied

paper for gold and gold-back- creased instead of diminished Europe than that which camo integral part of her policy of a out of the Versailles workshop. Bane and Civil European order. the disparity of resources be- her. No bullying of neutrals, north

Soviet Russia may remain How will this Europa bo form tranquil inside her own borders, tween European nations, out of or south, no further humiliations

proportion to their quality and ed? With what power of war or and Italy will have no objection. before Itusala, can remedy Our blockade is now rapidly destroy- tion of supply. Though the negative their human and civil rights. pence? It is still difficult to Ing. Germany's power to export power of the blockade is now be-

From the Inovitable crisis of foresco. overseas and so draining her dry of coming effective, we have only be- foreign credit. But. It is clear that

gun positive action. Our blockade this system arose first the wo shall have to put forth still needs a strategy of the offensive, the European political crisis lasting

occupation of markets. held by Ger- 20 years and subsequently the NOT INTEND TO BE ABSENT Europe and Italy, Fascism will many, the sequal tion of suppiles now war. which Germany might obtain.

greater efforts. Our forces by air and sea and land must be developed, and that requires intensive organist

But if Communism should attempt to advance towards CERTAINLY ITALY DOES zones of vital Interests to

know how to reply.