1940-01-03 — Page 23

Wednesday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

DONALD DUCK

EAT MY PLANTS, WILL YA? OUTSIDE, AND STAY OUT!

FLOWER

SHOP

Cpc 1954, Wak Dürgy Productions!

NAZIS' BIG FOOD PROBLEMS Shortage Of Fat

Becomes Acute

January, 3, 1940.

By Walt Disney

WALT DISNEY-

USE ONLY!!

"ANCHOR BRAND"

NEW ZEALAND'S FINEST

BUTTER

The World's Best

SOLE AGENTS-LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD., and from ALL LEADING STORES & COMPRADORES

Convoy Strategists Try

Try To Elude Raiders And

And Submarines DICTATORS

HOW THE CONVOYS BEAT THE

This war opened with a feld day They for the Germun submarines. were ut sen prepared for netion upon

AMSTERDAM, Jan. 2 (Reu.the declaration of war and by the middle of this week had sunk about ter). A comprehensive review 10,0000 tons of Allied and neutral of Germany's food probleme is shipping. But even this consider- given in the "Nieuw Roller-able amount of tonnage was well damache" from Berlin in which below, the average weekly harvest reaped by the U-boats in the early the writer assesses the German part of 1917 when unrestricted sink- self-sufficiency of foodstuffs sings of ships was being carried on.

began between 70 and 88 per cept, ex-

The British immediately cept fats which is 50 per cent.

placing the convoy ayaten in opera. Ther defelmy a norinally made on and this precation, together with other anti-gubimurine measures up by impris

Sumleient slots were acmimulated in the last 12 months. Never theless the fat problem criticat point.

ut #

اره

ecins to be obtaining the desired result, if reports concerning the de-

Himber

mbinarine creared (sareesses can be relied on.

Convoyin relined ships is not u modern concept. The Hoint Lon- voyed their gram ships; Venice, In the heyday of its mercantile powers conveyed its slups; Spain's ronvoys with the view to relewing from America are historicul

Desperate Efforts Desperate efforts are ning made ta prities to from empi and beet There are only unables for technical

paspor.

ed ble fat for human consumption. use! British rafeguarded its merchant The poliitles of grapestones, stips by this monus In the time of berebuts and horse ch. Amity arNapolesh and during is troubles with being exploresh

the United States,

The meal situation appears very However, convoying in other days cult. timing is most severe was an entirely different propesition and the effects of foot and mouth fron to-day's method of handling the disease are bring fell,

problem. Before the danger of

By the importation, of fodder from den attack, by submarines com- Run, it hoped to terrase the plicated matters, a convoy was a loose number of pain Germany.

Sca nahu I:. reduced

minimum.

Grain Situation Good

aggregation of ships that was necom- apanle by one or more men-of-war to rd it against raiders, and usually it was only necessary for a

Same-

The situation regarding leguminous rhip to remain in sight of an escorting plants, like pens, very unsatis-vessel in order to be safe. factory. The total crop In Germany tirner, however, a daring privateer, proper last year produced only 625-favoured

000 tons.

by weather conditions, would be able to cut out a prize from

In addition, the canning industry under the very nuse of an encert,

I suttering from a shortage of lin for cans.

To-clay's convey must proceed in

a close and regular formation so that'

it can manoeuvre and be screened by

The closer the forma the escorts.

The Polish territories were ex- pected to help to make up the gian the lees the target presented for deftelt, particularly grain, meat and eggs, but little butter can be hoped submarine attnek, and the fewer the from I'oland,

potatoes is also not unsatisfactory as

number escorts required.'

Course

30°

The purpose of the zigzng is to confuse larking submarine and pre- Vent reaching n Aring. position. that one of the changes of the ship's will throw a walling sub- course marine into the desired position, but the advantages of the zigzag far_outl weigh this possibility.

The grain altuation is generally Broad Front for Convoys There is. course, the possibility! good and the position regarding The quintessence of convoying is only 25 per cent. of the total crop to prevent n submarine from attain nteded for human consumption. in a position from which it can though this percutage is expected successfully launch its torpedoes to increase considerably on accommt against selected targets. The most of the shortage of other commodities. advantageous position for such an Therefore, a special reserve of 2,000-attack is somewhere fairly close on 000 tons is being laid aride.

the bow of an oncoming slip, and the chances of making a bit rapidly de- draws the submarine creases as farther aft of his formation has a broad front and a position.

Lie Given To Nazi Gibes

Now Demonstration Of British War Effort

a column,

If they

30".

30°

30*

30°

150*

30*

180*

150'

2

150

9

8

120

5

150'

120

Look Through insight an "The Telegraph

NAZI

30*

EXCHANGE GREETINGS Kindred Aspirations Emphasised

BERLIN, Jan. 2 (Reuter). Hitler and Mussolini exchanged New Year greetings, according to the official German Nows Agency.

+

Hiler telegraphed: "On the Decasion of the New Year, 1 express my heartiest congratulations to you, #Duce, in sincere friendship, Under your strong and tried leadership, may Fascist Italy, allied to National- Socialist Germany, succeed in full- Ing Hs national tasks."

Mussolini's Reply

Mussolini replied: "I reciprocate in- fle some brotherly cordiality the congratulations you have expressed to ine at the turn of the year.

1 cx- press the same wishes for Nationalist- Socialist Germany as you have ex- pressed to mne

Italy, for Fnacist hamely, that our united peoples may cceed in gaining their aims and Įsecuring their future,"

and

Hitler also exchanged greetings with the King and Crown Prince of Italy, the Kings of Bulgaria, Rumania, Belgium, Denmark, Norway Sweden. the Regents of Yugo-Stavia and Hungary. General Franco, the Shah of Iran, the King of Afghanistan, Ruler of the Yemen, Boy King of Slam. Slovakia, the Czech state and ex-King Fredinand of Bulgaria,

ANGLO-DANISH TRADE TALKS

LONDON, Jan. 2 (Brillek Wire- less).-Prince Axel of Denmark and M Mohr, lenders of the Danish de-

Above: A standard "close convoy" is shown in perspective.legation, returned to London to-day Destroyers do not necessarily maintain a straight course but zigzag to resume the Anglo-Danish trade and cover considerable area to keep the water clear of submarines. negotiations which were adjourned

Contra: A typical zigzag course which, for simplicity, is over the Christmas holidaya shown with equal shifts of course, each of which is followed for The rest of the Danish delegation an equal period of time.

is expected to arrive in London at the

COMING SHORTLY

Below: During the World War a favourite davica for follow-end of the week, ̈ing zigzag course was to mark "the" various courses on a cardboard disk fitted to the face of a clock, so they coincide with the times when they were to be made. When the minute, hand reached the new course, the wheel went over to put the changa into effect, All changes are made on time alone and no signals are required other than the initial order placing a zigzag in affect. The "clock" shows the variations for the zigzag shown in the confro, assuming that the initial course is 150 degrees.

Colony

Perhaps all the ships draw awny There may be an oppor- rapidly. Lunity for a shut on the fly, but usually the chance has gone and there is nothing the submarinen an

do except to submarine and try to get For Uils reason, the convoy shallow away, because if it has been seen, depth. For instance, all the ships in arrage of depth bombs will surely a convey of up to seven vessels would follow. probably steam in a line abreast of

Zigzags are only used when in dangerous waters O" when the each other. Larger convoys would be in a line of eclumns of ships, with presence of a submarine is suspected, rarely more than four or five ships in and they are not used at night unless handy, well-there Is sufficient minonlight to make LONDON, Jan. 2 (Reuter).-drilled ships, accustomed to steaming ships visible at a distance.

A submarine wash can sight an The Royal Proclamation moti- in convoy, the assigned distance be- fying another 2,000,000 men of tween ships in a column. might be

as little as 500 yards, with 800 yards approaching ship many miles away,

With large orut can itself be seen from a dis

four miles:

LAST MONTH was the brightest December in the poorly drilled ships, there distances ence of only three

ap- would have to un increased to 1,000 Once a ship is righted and its"

proximate course is determined, the submarine proceeds toward the post-shoukiwan villago; what

Nobody would think to go through history of the Colony.

nest of and 1,200 yårds remenlively.

tton where it can use a weapons.

pirates it is..

The remains of the late Robert Speed Must Be Gauged Browning are being brought to England

for internment in Westminster Abbey,

25 YEARS AGO

Jan. 3, 1913.

their liability to military service between columns, is generally welcomed.

The greatness of Britain's war effort disposes of the German glbes that Britain is willing to die to the last Frenchman.

when ac-

MATRICULATION EXAMINATION

The positions taken by the escort- ng shins depends entirely upon the number made available for city and any special conditions that may exist,

If the ship maintains a steady In general, they operate ahead of the! convoy and on the bow and beam of course, further observations by the

tion.

possible

for

submarine

which

50 YEARS AGO

Jan. 3, 180D,

Has Month of Sunshine and Drought

hours

November

According to official Royal Observatory figures,

Old Mistakes Avoided

Hongkong enjoyed no less than 269.2 hours of sunshine during the 31 days of December, which is 20 hours better Also the methodical calling-up over a considerable period indicates the British ability to utilise the outboard columns. When possible, submarine permit it accurately to de- Ki Holiness the Pope has telegraphed than the previous maximum pared with a normal of 58.8, and a

Frecord mean high of 02,4 degrees.

However, it was three degrees bet- power to maximum advantage, both in industry and service, thus avoid- of them trails the convoy to pretermine what its course and speed

A thirty-year-old record was ter than the low record of 54. ing the waste and ecntusion so convent a submarine following it and to should be to attain the desired post-o the Rnleer, appealing to his feelings of 249 hours.

antrous year and begin the new year asrist any vessel that may straggle.

But, if the ship suddenly of Christian charity to terminate a dis- apicuous in the last war,

Year Of Unusual Weather Merchant captains unacquainted changes its course, all the submarine's with an act of Imperial generally by thus smashed.

98 Hours Above Normal ceptance of compulsory service was with convoy duty, do not talee kindly calculations are nilified, and usually accepting the proposal for an exchange

The astonishing sunshine figures The year was noted ita vagaries qualified by strong opposition and to it. They have always been accus-t is unable to begin a new upproach of prisoners, who are unfit for miltary widespread misgivings even after 17 tomed to steering steady courses without coming to the surface and rice, Letween the belligerents. The months of disperate campaigning.

the prepesal finds his full sympathy, stated that the normal sunshine for some extremely heavy rainfall which figures to However, this time the schicine is along the routes to their destinations, using full speed. With arined escorts ser, replying, neured the rope that can be better appreciated when it is of weather, drught gave way to

and their natural inclination is to present, this procedure is impossible anys:"The feelings of Christian December is 171 hours. Last month allowed the aggregate approved in all sections

less than 08 to move from well below average at Dritish give all other vessels wide berths at and the convoy goen on its way in charity which inspired this progomi cor exceeded this by 110

respond thoroughly with my own con

1o well above it. Despite December's opinion.

sea. Nor is the merchant ship fely. furnished with equipment such as The escorting vessel er vessels Inviction and desires."

AGO 10 YEARS

The low record for December is dryness, the aggregate rainfall for the Jan. 3, 1030. 71.0 hours, which were recorded 37year managed to exceed the average. the man-of-war has for simulling the van of a convoy malen' it im-

The freak typhoon in small changes of speed to the engine

M. Bari, a French aviator experiment-years ago. room, facilities for quickly determin-happens to be in a favourable posing with, speed machines, to-day covered The aggregate hours of sunshine helped to complete a year of unusual

are not yet weather conditions. ing the revolutions of the engines, on, to get more than occasional the 235 inilen from Croydon Aerodrome for the whole of 1939

id means for measuring distances. glimpses of its targets through the to Lo Dourgot Field in 88 minutes. He available.

was flying A Golden Ray plane, and

Rainless Month The next Matriculation Examina- However, it does not take merchant periscope. tion of the University of Hongkong captains long to learn the ropes and An accurate shot with a torpedo, averaged approximately 360

However, another Interesting net will commence on Monday, June 3, it convoys soon manage to manoeuvre, unless fired within 300 yarria, requires hour. This is a record.

5. YEARS AGO

about longkong's weather during was announced this morning.

zigzag, and get along at night with that the course and speed of the target

Jan. 8, 1035. last month was that it ranks with the Entries, together with the on-out lights.

and the angle between the courses of The trial of Bruno. Hauptmann, Decembers of 1084 and 1999 as being france fee, must be delivered before The zirzng is not a wild, rambling the Bring ship and the target, to be

charged with the kidnapping and mur- the enly ones in which no rainfall February 1.

lash at will over the ocean, but on closely approximated. Even should der of the infant son of Colonel anf, was recorded. The following scholarships, for the contrary, is a carefully worked a submarine have been so fortunate Mrs. Charles Lindbergh, opened today. ther particulars of which may be out, orderly method of altering the as to have obtained these data, it A defalte by cbtained from the Registrar, will be course

nt usually tries for a final check, and it awarded on the results of the Matris specified times. It is not nameult is very disquieting to come up and nocedure for a single ship, but with find the entire convoy is off on an- culation Examination.

40 Scholarships. A 20th

ships of indifferent other course, Government

For the same reason, a radical limited number of Hongkong Govern- misnoeuvring qualities and varying ment

Scholarships tenable in the turning circles, steaming in close change of course is made just be-

OPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH? | Faculties of Arts and Science, are formation, the proposition la an en- fore dark, and the base course is

not resumed until it will pass a con- NEW YORK, Jan. 2. (UP)~The open to candidates from Hongkong tirely different one.

siderable distance to one side of the trial of Earl Browder, head of the Schools.

América, (QFT prolongation of the original course. Communist Party In The some kind of change is made in-fraudulent passport charges has been mediately preceding daylight, to elude postponed until January 15 at the a submarine which may have passed request of the defence attorneys.

Browder continues at, Ziborty on! head during the night to assume a favourable position ni dawn,

$7,000. ball.

nmount

Zigzagging Carefully Planned

Three King Edward VII Scholar-

A bad feature of even the bent de ships of the value of £40 per nn- nitrn, open to British Subjects only, signed zigzag, is that the distance In all cates the award will be sub-made good along the base course. Is jret to the proviso that a suffelently never more than 70 per cent of the

distance steamed. high standard is renched.

miles 111

America's No. 1 Red On Trial

Ice-Floes Choke The Danube

SPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH" Temporaturos Normal

PARIS, Jan. 2 (Reuter)-Owing Curiously enough, although we to ice-flocs blocking the Danube, the had no rain and registered a record Rumanion authorities have suspended number of sunshine hours, the De-all navigation permits, cember temperature remained at nor- mal levels.

The monthly mean was 63, which Is preclicly the mean temperature for December. The normal maxi- mum reached ob degrees, which

the was slightly above

average normal, namely 07.9, but was not, # record. The record normal maximum is 71.2 degrees.

the Tho normal minimum for. month registered 57 degrees com*

METROPOLE

ROOM BATH

CENTRAL

$6

CLEAN

COMFORTABLE

TO THE

KING S

Lusty Life and Sudden Death... in the Wildest Town of the West!

ERROL

FLYNN

1

DODGE CITY

IN TECHNICOLOR

With OLIVIA

De HAVILLAND

ANN SHERIDAN

· Bruce Cabot - Frank

MoHugh Alan Hate

Drosted by BELCHAEL GURTIZ

AWARNER BROS.-PWARE

JOHN EXTEL, HEREN TRAVERS • VIÇEEN JOZY UMOR, SANDIGANS Original Pay by Setar Dekor a Pets by then freiner

WATCH FOR THE·

OPENING

DATE.