1939-12-28 — Page 4

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Thursday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

December 28, 1939.

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Thursday, December 28, 1939.

Wyndham St., Hongkong •

Telephone: 26010

THE prenx "special to the Telegraph In used by the "longkong Telegraph" to indicate news which is Kületly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni- cations Ordinance, 1938. Such news 2 bears the indicatión "UP" in perelyed in Mongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re- serve all rights and forbid rejubileation, either wholly or in part withoul previous arrangement.

Someone Blundered

How long Germany ea

wage war, and with what prospect of success, is a question exercising the talents of government experts in several countries. In all their estimates, speculation in some measure is necessarily present. The

SONNET

ON

PRAYER

Be at afraid to pray-to pray is

right.

Pray, thou canst, with hope;

but ever pray,

Though hope be weak, or sick

with long delay;

Pray in the darkness, if there be

no light..

Fare time, remote from lu-

man right,

When war and discord on the

earth shall ceare;

Yet every prayer for universal

peace

Avalls the blessed time to ex-

pedite.

What'er is good, to wish, ask that

of Heaven,

Though it be what thou canst

not hope to see: Pray to be perfect, though ma-

terial leavCR

Forbid the spirit so on earth to

bex

But if for any wish thot darest

not pray,

Then pray to God to cast that

wish awa

-Hartley Coleridge.

How

We

Knocked 1/5th Off Hitler's Battle Fleet

by H. C. FERRABY,

TEN FACTS ABOUT FINLAND W

during the eighteenth century,

Daily Express

Naval Reporter

1.

Tactics

At the beginning of the war Germany's battle fleet cun sisted of thic three pocket battleships Graf Spec, Admirał Scheer, and Deutschland, and the battleships Scharnhorst and

Gueiserant.

any of our cruisers. The crushing, battleship named after that effect of one 6701b. shell is 30 admiral were not worthy of their much greater than that of one

forerunners.. HEN the first whis- 1001b, shell, and the amount of per reached me that damage done by one greater than

But the battle was a remark- the Achilles was in that by six of the British shells able triumph for the gunnery Admiral because of its concentration in men of the British cruisers. For such comparatively light craft

-

1. A Bwedish colony for 500 years. action with the Finland was ceded to the expand-Scheer (as we believed the one spot.

Moreover, the British crui- to knock a ship of the size of in Russian Empire in luce stage ship to be at that time) and sers' gun range is some 18,000 the Graf Spee about so badly 2. Backed by German troops, she then later that she had been yards, which is well inside the without being smashed up them- finally won her independence by

sunk, 1 saw nothing im- 30,000 yards of the German selves is a feat that takes some crushing A Communist revolt

ship. The cruisers could not believing, even though there 1018.

probable in the report

Germany since. Coloured shiris

3. Finland. has been, friendly with Ever since the start of the hope, as it seemed, to be within were three of them on the spot. range where they could damage Why were our gunnery men so and swallkas are much in evidence, hunt for the German pocket the German without being them successful, the Germans so sur- although the Government is a Social battleships, those of us who re-selves under such weight of fire prisingly bad? The answer is in

member the battle of Coronel

Democratie-Agrarian coalition.

few salvoes.

4. The country is governed by a have feared that the Germans as must annihilate them in a the tactles which the British

cruisers adopted,

The British tacties seem to

President (elected for six years), a Council of State, and a Dict of 200.might have the luck to catch 5.. Finland was the first country to some of our searching light

still have them.

0. Flans

D

It didn't work out that way. The gunnery

of the Germans

eve veics to women under a short-cruisers out of reach of pro- was by no means up to their have been modelled on those of lived sif-government constitution granted by the Czars in 1807. They tection of the bigger ships, and

usual standard--which was de- Sturdee at the battle of the long, running that another easy triumph for

monstrated when the Deutsch- Falklands a are mainly

Lutheran the German Navy might precede land sunk the Rawalpindi.. We fight; excess of speed ensuring Protestants Their other religion is the extinction of the raiders.

are told that at the start of the that touch could always be kept; physical fitness, Remember Paavo

The fear Was Nurmi

reasonable battle the only ship engaging steady hammering at the enemy the runner? 2. They are also one of the best Consider the gun power of the the Graf Spee was the Exeter. for hours on end with slow, con- educated and most cultured races in respective ships: Europe.

8. Asiatic In orig. they moved from the Volga in the eighth cen- tury. They are related to the Estoni- ans and Hungarians.

to the coast on the country's many

Single B'side Shell B'side per min.

lbs. lbs. lbs. [Graf Spee class 670 4,020 12,000

The German gunners had at centrated fire at intervals so as that time only the one target; not to waste a salve by hitting they had also only the fire of at the empty air; skilful dodg- ing of his salvoes by manoeuv-

one ship to unsettle them.

At that stage gunners of the ring, and, of course, simultane- 9. Malu product is timber carrieu Archilles class 100 800 8,000 skill of those who fought under ous concentration of fire from lakes and rivers, Minerals are Exeter class. 250 1,500 7,500 Admiral von ipce at the battle three directions to worry both control in the LTD..knowledge whether Hitler deliber-stares. there is no cual.

Not only was the pocket of Coronel would have reduced the gunnery ately chose war with Britain and square miles (size of England, Scot-battleship's total weight of fire the target to splinters in a few enemy ship and the attempts of 150 per cent, greater than that of rounds. The gunners of the the bridge to dodge the fall of

BEHIND THE WAR NEWS

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TAY GARNETT SUCTION

· Odkud nemočne by Dans Combo and Crabyć Slat Chuenda RAT Călda 17 + Balvosné les valet ketta

France or whether he blundered

into it on the assumption at these Tations"Would not fight=tkls"would- help toward an estimate of Ger- many's real strength.

on his own cleverness that he may have relied.

10. Pop., 3.611.791; ares, 132.000

lod and Wales).

GAS

AS

A

URING the last few years

WEAPON

D. there has been more public by Peter Evans

discussion 011 the subject of

shot.

Observers outside the ship have already told us of damage to the superstructure-and-the- bridge of the Graf Spec. But that is superficial damage, and would not of itself explain her decision to seek shelter in the

If Hitler deliberately chose war

of the time. In the same way men neutral harbour. Yet her arm- against two powerful nations in ad-

can crawl forward to cut it.

oured sides should have been dition to Poland, one might assume

Shell fire can fatten wire, and that sufficient to resist shelli of the weakly held is the main purpose of it barrage calibre that were fired at her. he counted on the material equip-gas in warfare than on most lay gas in front of

before an advance against a de- ment of the Third Reich to carry it other aspects of the science of sector so that troups may be confended position. Tanks largely came She is reputed to have had arm- centrated in front of another sector- into existence to overcome wire. oured decks as a defence against mitual destruction.

Then again, in withstanding un through. But if he blundered into

But gas is subject to none of these plunging fire (that is, shells For some renson It has always offensive, gas is an effective barrier. been represented as a particularly It can be so effective a barrier that disadvantages. It is thus in defence a dropping from a great height), it, relying on bluff to win the day horrible weapon, and there have believe the Brst army to be really much more valuable ald than ever]

(and ner gun turrets had seven- it was not on German strength but burn more efforts to make rules for hard pressed will use it; it will be wire wit

But if its chief use is defensive, 11 inch armour. Either British fts use thun there have been to unable to overcome the templation. abolish the circumstances in which it

To a large extent it will take the can also play a part in an offensive. shells today, even of medium place that barbed wire held in the particularly in open warfare, Troops calibre, are a vast deal more could be used.

advancing on a sector can protect The improbability of its use against last war.

contaminating the powerful than we have ever Thus the recent disclosure by the celllan population, and the rea- In laying wire, men have to expose their flanks by

suspected, or the construction of sons why it should inspire little fear themselves, and as night a front can country on each side of them.

PLEASE Turn To Pago 3. Reikichi Kita,

the pocket battleships is nothing member of the If it is, were very clearly shown by be, and probably will be, ill up most

like as formidable in defence as Japanese House of Representatives, Prof. J. B. S. Haldane yesterday.

we have been led to believe. indieating Hitler did not believe Britain and France would fight, ki extremely interesting. Mr. Kita says that a Japanese Industrialist and blistering guses for evermore. who was invited to the Nazi rally at Nuremberg, but who decided be- cause of the crisis to go immediately to Stockholm, was urged in a note from Hitler to stay in Germany be- cause there would not be war.

But the professor said nothing as

to its use on the field of battle.

In 1925 the principal Governments GRIN AND BEAR IT of the world, gathered at Geneva. forswore the use of all asphyxisting

The Governments of the world have forsworn many things that they have subsequently done. think it will.

Will this prove to be another?

}

Already one nation-Itnly-bas used gas in war during the last few compaign In Ethiopia years The seemed to be at a standstill. Gas made it fuld again, und the Italians

won.

Many hard things were said of Mussullat for his action, but from n military point of view, he was only doing what any nation might do with its back to the wall-inke the best means to get away from 1.

GBB war is a very valuable weapon; and no more Inhuman than anything else that is designed by

It does not do the former and it

It was not possible for the Allled diplomats, in direct negotiation with Hitler, to know certainly whether he was really ready to face a major war.. Many assessed his boldness an bluff. Some appear to have felt that at the last moment, Hitler began to realize what he was up against but decided to go ahead

man for the mutilation or destruction even into general war. Mr. Kita's ¦ of his fellow man, report, supporting the views of comparatively rarely does the latter. those who believe Hitler blundered, ¦ But it may put qulie a lot of men helps also to explain why ho risked out of action for quite a long time. the Ituasian partnership. Had that Inst gigantic bluff worked, Hitler

prepared to meet them, nsphyxlating might have had Poland and peace gases have little military value to-

doy. his kind of peace, a spectacular They are

volatile and a slight victory over the western demo- breeze quickly blown them away. Since modern armies are provided cracies and somo-gains at the ex-with gas-mask, it means that s8- penso of the: Soviet, granted un-phyxlating gases only add another to

the mat ) discomforis of war. wittingly by Stalin's own harid:☺ ́·· But if somebody__blundered, "it wasn't Stalit

The Important gases are, of course, the blistering gases. Except for the element of surprise among troops un-

***Go," therefore, oppeors as a ̈valus- able aid to defence. It is possibla to.

By Lichty

“Hmmm-aho looks too young to be his daughter-sho must ba

his wife!"

2. Strategy

The strategical disposition of the British forces in the South.. Atlantic to deal with the prob- lem of tho raiders has been justi- fied by the event.

It has always been obvious to the student of naval warfare that if the raiders were to do any damage it could be done only at the focal points, those areas of the sea into which merchant ships must

ng they approach or leave the harbours. They might roam the open space for weeks on end, as they have done, without catching more. than an occasional freighter.

come

Our covering forces did not need to roam the scas wildly looking for them, Sooner or later they must venture into the areas where shipping was to be found. The mouth of the River Plate and a hundred miles to- seaward of it is a vital focal: point There are several others. in the South Atlantic. Thore aro several in the Indian Ocean..

There and thereabouts was the place in which our patroļs were most needed. And precise- ly off the River Plate die Graf Spee runs straight into some of theforme