1939-12-19 — Page 6

Tuesday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

December 19, 1939.

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The

Thongkong Telegraph.

Tuesday, December 19, 1939. Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephono: 26615

THE predx "Epecial to the Telegraph Organ Reginald Foort. is used by the Hongkong Telegraph to indicate hows which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni cations urainenco, 1936. Buch nows a bears the indication “Uhr la received 11 Hongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associations, who re serve all rights and forbid ropublication either wholly or in part without previou arrangement.

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unrest and appented, and it became more stringent as the war went on.

This time the German Government has started from the other end. Food rationing was brought in from the start of the war and it has been extended since. It is now on an extremely elaborite scale. At the same time there is an equally com- pleated rationing of clothing. In 'Brißäin"the"/"overnment" "fakes" iliis virtue that English people do not have to put themselves to much In- convenience to meet the needs of the war and avdds rationing like the plague. The Germans take the op- posite standpoint. Their Govern- ment bunsts that it puts the screw on hard at the beginning. Now, it claims with pride, it is possible to relax a little. This no doubt is the consequence of the unexpected course of the war; the Germans counted no more than we did on such a relatively inactive war, and it is characteristic that they should at~] tribute the relaxations (such as they) are) to the superior courage of the Fuhrer's administrative measures

THE

Hitler has lost, in the Admiral Graf Spee, one of the most valuable warships in his fleet.

What of the remainder? Will they be as easy to trap as the Admiral Graf Spee? Has Hitler many such ships? These topical questions are answered below.

H

ITLER is trying to con- vince the world that Germany is a great 'naval Power. His propa- gandists have claimed that Ger- many now commands the North Sea

More likely than not Hitler's beast is a hope for the future. Just as he described the Siegfried Line as invincible long bofors there were more than half-a-dozen machine- gun nests ready, so he relies on four or Avo 35.000-ton battleships which were laid down in Hamburg, Kiel and Wilhelmshaven in 1937 and 1938. They were scheduled to be completed in 1941-42. They may be ready the being Germany's biggest battleship is the Scharn- horst, of 20,000 tons with nine 11in. and twelve 8.9in, guns, thirty A.A. guns, four aircraft and two cala- pults,

For the time

RETREAT то AND FROM MOSCOW

What is

Hitler's Navy?

by Willi FRISCHAUER

Graf Spee-was one of the lost German warships to visit a British Naval Review in 1837.

port. She attended the Coronation

The rest of Hitler's fleet cannot compare with the British Navy. The Nuernberg and the Leipzig. both of 6,000 tons, aro his two out- standing cruisers.

The Scharnhorst is certainly a With the Koenigsberg, model formidable vessel. But so was her for another class of German war- -vister-ship, the Gneisenau, which-ships, she visited Portsmouth a few was certainly seriously damaged, years ago. The Koenigsberg, how- and may have been sunk outright, ever, does not always wait for an in the British air raid on Wilhelms Invtiation.

She gate-crashed the haven.

British naval and air manoeuvres off the East Coast in 1938.

There are, of course, better and more carefully bullt German war- ships. With the construction of these ships Hitler and his Nazis had little to do. They were planned and laid, down before he came to power. They are known as Ger- many's pocket battleships, the Deutschland, the Admiral Scheer. and the Admiral Graf Spee.

Only two of these remarkably efficient ships of 10,000 tons now remain. One the Deutschland, is known to be at sca The Admiral Graf Spre Is destroyed, No one knows where the Ad- miral Selcer is at present.

Their captains and cre's can rather than to the unpredicted way which Hitler put them in the past. hardly be proud of the tasks to

the war has developed.

IE ig important in estimating German strength and wenkness to keep in mind the thoroughness of this organisation on

home the

front. Rutioning is only one aspect of it. The German worker has been com- pelled to give up his eight-hour day) and is working a normal ten-hour duy at the same time rates. But he is now to receive the concession that his extra earnings are not to be taken away from him by taxation) and that I, exceptionally, he does) work an eleven or twelve-hour day) he will get his old overtime. Holl- days were stopped, but are now to be reintroduced. The ten-hour day is to be sweetened by the general establishment of worka canteens and

to

The Deutschland was sent Spain during the Civil War. She

had no business there and Hitler is the only one to blame because a Spanish plane bombed her by mis- take, killing twenty of the crew and wounding seventy.

Hitler's revenge for this mishap was a typical example of frightful- nos. He sent the Admiral Scheer lo oombard the defenceless Span- lah town Almeria. Almeria was destroyed, innocent women and children were killed. The world was shocked,

The Deutschland encountered the British Navy before this war began. During the crisis in May she made suspicious moves in the Mediterranean. The British battle- ship Blood never loft her until she reached German waters.

The third of the group-Admiral

A little smaller, but highly em- cient too, is the Emden, 6,400 tons with eight 5.0in. guns and four tor- pedo

do tubes, namesake of the Ger-

inan raider which made her name

during the Great War.

could tell you about many other Nazi ships: about the Koeln, which was on a world-cruise when Hitler came to power and was the first German ship to be greeted by

S

the Fuchrer; about the Schleswig. which is only a training ship, bulit in 1906, but is put to sen as a war- ship like her sister-ship Schleswig. Holstein.

Soon there may be a number of new German warships ready, big- ger than all those mentioned. The Bluecher and the Admiral Hipper were on the Nazis' 1938 programme. The Prinz Eugen was launched only recently.

There are also destroyers of a smaller size the D. von Rocder class and the Maass class-tor- pedo boats, most of them bulit_in 1928, depot-ships, mine-sweepers. ---escort-

-and- -patrol- vessels and ten- ders. Two aircraft-carriers, cach for 40 aircraft, are

are being built.

The most difficult craft in the Nazi Navy to assess are the sub- marines. There were 15 ocean going submarines when the war started; The total number of German sub- marines was roughly 40.

More than 20 of them were sunk by the British and French Nuyles within seven weeks. Twenty had to return to their home bases for re- pairs. The rest are still at large.

But there will not be many Nazi submarines to bring Hitler any good news for Christmas.

...and who

are his soldiers?

OME Tories in this country- even perhaps some of those who rule us--would like to seo the old "milltary masters" of Ger- many return to their full power.

Certainly, any sane man could well prefer the narrow and brutal, but honourable and dutiful, tradi- tions of the Prussian officer class.

But a book published to-day, The German Army, by Herbert Rosinski (Hogarth Press, 12s. 6d,). reveals, with terrible precision, the decay and death of that old tradi- tion, and the mergence of men in the leadership of the German army whose fute it is to be domin- ated and destroyed by the criminal tyranny they helped to fasten on their country.

*

Dr. Herbert Rosinski was until re- rently on instructor in the theory of warfare at a German Blas College; he is an admirer of " the real aristocratic that used to rule the

by the giving of extra food allow-] dangerous' to assume that these mea- tradition ances through the factories, allow-sures of control on the home front German meer cinse. It lo because he onces which will be used in the are so sti that the German workers refugee. main for the canteen meals. Extra

must be driven Inevitably towards wiser judg-

holds to this tradition that, he is n

From the inside, as the personal WING ON CO., LTD.pay for night work was stopped but revolt. It would be a

acquaintance of generals, and a trusted ometni of the War Ministry not only le now to be given again. Women ment to note them as examples of the before filter's access to power, but for three years after it, he tells a story of are only exceptionally to work at

with which energy

Germany is intrigue. reaction, selfishness and nights. Christmas-boxes are to re-throwing her organised strength into t nunrar. Compulsion to work is only the war. And although her methods the Parliamentary system and their Fighting against each other, against to be applied "after the most careful examination and in cases of ab-

may not be ours her energy and fore-own Governments, the leaders of the German army, tried, to use, Illior:os a Bolute

necessity." It would be sight are something we should be toc

They had, long before, paid him to foolish to despise.

..

R

be their agent in the peily politics of Munich beer-halla. Now they tried to make him, in Dr. Rosinski's words. political cover to camouflage both the rearmament and the military dictator- ship" that they desired.

These officers thought of themselves as the "real dictators" behind the Nazi dictatorship. Whenever'n Oly- pute arose between themselves, and Hitler, they referred the question to old Von Hindenburg, the President,

By that means, for example, they ao General von Fritsch appointed Chief of the Army Command against Hiller's wishen Fritsch blocked Rochm's plans for· amalgamating the army and the Storm Troops.

Then Hindenburg was known to be dying. Who would now arbitraic? They planned to get Hitler completely in their power by forcing him to murder his own friends, the so-called revolutionary wing of his party.

For weeks they haggled in secret aver the lists of those to be azaa5- sinated. Hitler accepted their terms. He murdered Rochm, his personal friend; had thousanda of others shot.

But Hitler, by taking old Von Hinden- burg's pince, and by using the Gestapo į niki the B.S. to control the army, be- came the Generals' maater, not their 1001.

A Look Through

The Telegraph”

50 YEARS AGO

Dec. 19, 1880. The prisoner who escaped from the chain-gung at Kennedytown in June last year pleaded guilty. He was sory- ing Len Year Imprisonment, coat. mencing in 1883, at the time, and was ordered to complete his sentence and afterwards undergo two years' further imprisonment.

25 YEARS AGO

Dec. 19, 1914. ~ Et-Is-ofcially announced that, in view of the state of war arising from the action of Turkey, Egypt wil henceforth constitute a British Protectorate. The suzerainty of Turkey is, thus terminated. The British Government will adopt all measures necessary for the defence of Egypt and the protection of the in- habitants.

Although it is not to be expected that motion pictures can be secured which show neones of actual Oghting... În Eurape. It is satisfactory to know that the kinematograph is placing on record incidents in the great crisis which will not only prove of much interest in years to come but which have. of Couric, creat attraction at the present time, Ktaemintography has reached n wonderful scientific pitch and its po siblities appear to be unlimited. It is fonn of entertainment which requiren no nid to ensure its general apprecia- tlen, whether to Interest, instruct or amuse; animated photography is over obliging.

10 YEARS AGO ·

Dec. 19, 1929. Saying that all who had given earnest consideration to British naval needn ylowed the

of proposed reduction cruiser tonnage with apprehension, Ear! Deaity, one of Britain's foremost nava! commanders in the Great War, Issued a warning against precipitato naval dis- armament, in the House of Lords yes- terday. He declared that Britain was approaching the London Naval Confer- ence with figures representing a danger ous minimum in erufiore. The advent of a German 10,000-ton warship, so fast and powerfully armed that a battle cruiser was the only effective counter, was mentioned during the discussion.

February, 1930, will age a complete change in the telephone oxchango nya- tent of flangkong. Then the automatics will supersede the present syslom.

There BIO mally blocka of new Chinese houses being built on the new Prays reclamation, and also in other parts of tho Colony. It is a diagrace to allow some of thera houses to bo built in the way they are.

·

In vlow of the widespread disappoint- ment folt that Hongkong did not this year compete in the Interport Rifle Shoot, Mr. G. 1. Bummers, the Inte Becretary of tho Ilongkung Rißo Longue, and others approached Mr. B. Wylle with a view to calling a meeting of those previously connected with the Longue at which the question of ro- anacitating the League and making ar- rangements for future Intarpart evente could be discussed.

5 YEARS AGO.

Dec. 19, 1034. In the presence of the Emperor, the Japanese Privy Council plenary session. to-day unanimously approved Japan's decision to abrogate the Washington: Trenly.

The men who had haggled with hon over names for denti in 1934 wore Von Blomberg and Fritsch, then alt- powerful in the Army To-day Von Blomberg is in prison. Frisch wasFurther restrictions on the supply of killed, in mysterious circumstances..

The other Icaders of the German Army have step by step surrendered to Nasidom. They cannot now escape. T. W.

water on the island are to come into force as from Friday. The revised hours of supply will be from: 0.a.m. to 11 m. and from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m. Kow Joon is not affected by the curtailment..