1939-11-23 — Page 30

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THE GHOST OF VON TIRPITZ: "History repeats itself. I, too, made the same mistake."

Hongkong Delegraph U-BOATS AGAINST

Thursday, November 23, 1939 Wyndham St., Hongkong Telephone: 20015

THE pre "pecial to the Telegraph" is used by the "Hongkong Telegraph to indicate news which is striclly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommual-

MERCHANT SHIPS

bears the indication PU Sucli new contrast to the list war, the therefore

"UP" is received in

Hongkong on the date of publication by

servo rights and forbid arrangement,

Lights

war of

many 18

# brench

of inter- about 400,000 tons a month, in the next six months to 250,000

submarine national inw. the

the United Press Autociations, who regainat merchant shipping start- The German Government long tons, in the following months either wholly or in part without provinsed from the first moment at fuil hesitated as they have not to less than 200,000 tons.

intensity. A the Ministry of done this time-and in February,

These reductions, striking as Information has stated: "It is 1917, the unrestricted campaign now palpably evident that Ger- began.

they are, do not do justice to the prosecuting an un- The results were at once ex- success of the convoy system, "Lamps are going out all over restricted submarine campaign tremely serious. In the last five for most of the ships loat were Europe; we shall not see them against merchant shipping as months of 1914 only about 300,- among those which were not

violent as that on which Ger- 000 tons of shipping of all convoyed. Before convoys were shirts they slept in. All with- Hghted again in our time." With

many embarked in 1917.

nationalities had been lost, near-started ships had been lost, over out a single exception, and in- strangely compelling wistfulness

It may be interesting, with ly all by raiders and mines. a long period, at a rate of one cluding the cabin boy, went these words have returned and this difference in mind, to re- In 1916 1,300,000 tons were lost, in ten voyages. In the black straight to the owner's office call the experience of 1914-1918, mainly by submarines; in 1916 fortnight of April 1917, the rate returned again throughout the last In the first year of that war the 2,300,000 tons, almost all by rose to one in four. But be- and asked to be put on the next

tween July and October, out of ship. quarter of a century. When look-submarine was small, fragile and submarine. Then came to

un 140 wheat and sugar ships sail- Ing out of a window on the gray timid. It had a short range of restricted campaign. The ing in convoy from Newport crew of a neutral ship, who had In another instance a neutral action, and could only operate in month, April, nearly 900,000 ton News only two were sunk. By less inducement to face the risks half-light over London, Britain's shallow waters, where it could were lost, and in the full year the end of October over 100 of a war which was not their Foreign Secretary in 1914 spoke rest on a sandy bottom. Under no less than 6,000,000 tons. them, they were figurative. They these conditions it was very For a time the whole Allied convoys had come in with a own, were disinclined to put to

vulnerable and not very danger war effort Was gravely im total loss of 1.66 per cent,

perilled. We and our allies From August to December, would starve unless we could 1914, only three merchant ships import food from overseas; and LET us glance for a moment home dejected and told his wire were sunk by submarine, as com- we could-not-supply our armed at the human side of these his men would not sail. She pared with 42 by mines and 55 forces with adequate munitions dry statistics. For a long period asked him to let her come and unless we could import raw expectation of life of only ten knowing what she intended to a merchant ship had an average talk to them. He consented not materials.

The danger was countered by voyages, for a time only of four say. She saw the crew and said or live. The men were killed simply: "I am coming with my by the explosion, or thrown into husband on this voyage." She wintry seas, at the best left to went to sea--and so did they? ***

Let us

remember, in these weeks to come what these sea-

meant that all that was best and brightest in human achievement

was going into an eclipse from which "In our timo" it would never witolly emerge.

Once again lights are going out! over Europe. But this time thei statement is literal. And one may note with more than ordinary interest that they have not yet be- gun to go out all over Europe. In London, Berlin and Paris, yes; but not in Rome. That city is bright.

In London, newspaper offices hid thelr windows under heavy curtains. In Purls the boulovadiera sat in the sidewalk cafes, their facos blue and blotchy in the eerie rays of lighting that is not to bu

seen from the sky. Berlin, like London and Paris, is prepared ngainst nie raids.

The responsiblilty for

bo

ous.

quickly forced to transfer its by raiders. The submarine was

activities from the Channel to two forms of action. We intro- more distant waters, especially duced a convoy system for mer.

the Mediterranean, and a much chant ships. And we instituted the hazards of open boats usual- these larger type of craft developed,

sea, The master, who had married an English wife and had his home in England, went

conditions must shared by as big and strong as a small a complete National and Allied by some hundreds of miles from men are doing for us,

millima upon millions of human) beings in that measure which their own melfahnesa dotormines.

Bolflearners or

aguin and try to find a botter way, If all their lenders can

And let

merchant ship, with stores which control of ships and of supplies land, 15,000 lost their lives. But gave it a range of action of some so as to secure the utmost pos- their courage never failed.

us at icast do what we can to thousand of miles.

sible economy.

help. The situation was saved In arranging our shipping wo before, not only by convoy pro- We aro

now organising the had to reckon with every kind tection but by a strict economy convoy system at once, and it Peoples must turn on the lights WE attempted for a time to may be hoped that, with an im- of uncertainty (sudden losses, in all imported goods.

establish protected ap-provement in our 'anti-submarine new demands for the armed

We controlled ships and sup>-- now Join proach areas through the dan-devices, this will prove success. forces, the capture of areas of gerous waters near the United ful. It must, however, be re- home production by the enemy

plies. We are, of course, con- in this search for the better way in-Kingdom, over which there were membered that at the moment and many others)-except one, trolling ships at once

but it stead of insisting only on thone patrols of trawlers, sloops and of the declaration of war hun the courage and morale of the takes some time to build up a ways whleit satisfy selfishness, the destroyers.

dreds of vessels were at sea and

I do not remember a complete system allied as well. lights all over Europe can be lighted

they can only be shepherded into This system was never very convoy, later when they return, single instance of a British crew as national, to control supplica. again in our time.

effective, and soon proved a That is why the early period of refusing, or hesitating, to sail death-trap, for the enemy learn the war must be one of special because of submarine risk. ed where the merchant ships

Death Of Lt-Gen. Abe Confirmed

genmen.

Mr. W. S. Morrison-unwise. ly, I think, and with a misjudg.... ment of the public psychology- ☆

has been indulging in optimistic forceasts of our future supply ET me

cite two incidenta situation. He may prove to be

right-we all hope he will, from hundrods. In 1917 a

But in the meantime the Gov... large cargo liner was torpedoed some hundreds of miles off the ernment would I suggest, do Irish const on a bitter winter better to encourage the public

wore likely to be found and the anxiety. And we must not for- areas were at the same time too get that ships may be attacked not only by submarine but by large for successful protection. commerce raiders or powerful

For a time a series of devices, units of the German fleet, and L PEIPING, Nov. 32 (Router).—The Japanese spokesman have to-day con-decoy vessels and gun-fire from that some will strike mines. firmed Chungking's claim to have merchant ships were effective, killed the Japanese general, Lleut and it becamo Increasingly dan Gen. 1. N. Abe, a Divisional Comgerous for the submarine to at- mander.

Lack from the surface. To firos encouraging, however, to night in high sons. Of the crew to save the stores which may Lieut. Gederal Abe was ambushed

success of the of 60, 26 were killed by the be greatly needed lator and, in with ten men near Paolingfu some vation, however, involved sink- convoy system in our last ex- explosion, or drowned, or died any case would enable ships to

torpedoos from periscope obzor recall the ¡ days ago. All were killed,

General Abo is the drst Lieuting without warning, and usually perience. In the last half of of exposure. The rest got be diverted from civilian neces- General to be killed in the Sino-o discrimination between ven- 1917. the total, losses of world away, some of them, including sitics to increasing the re- Japanese hostilities.

sels of different nationalities, and tonnage fell to an average of a cabin boy of 17, with only the sources of our armed forces, la

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