1939-11-07 — Page 14

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HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

November 7,

1939.

GRIN AND BEAR IT

By Lichty

76

1940

VAUXHALL

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HONGKONG HOTEL

GARAGE

The Key

To Defeat

German Navy, Von Arnold de In Perriere, did attack a alow.

IN an office high up in a ONE submarine commander, New York skyscraper the most successful in the there sat, towards the end of 1917, un Admiralty of. convoy. He had the advantage ficial who was responsible both of speed and gun range for the American end of the over its obsolete convoy escort convoy system which was to vessel. Ho successfully en- affect so fundamentally the gaged her, killing and wounding safe transport of men and material across the Atlantic to Europe.

The convoy system was also employed on other sens during that last year of the great struggle. But the service from the U.S. was by far the most important.

some of her crew, and sank two

of the convoy.

Then, however, he was forced to submerge,, and was unlucky enough lo came in contact with one of the sinking vessels, whose keel tore his conning-tower right out. Miracul- ously the waterlight, hatch beneath it held. He escaped and imped back! to Germany, the one brilliant excep tion to the rule that it is best to leave convoys alone. There were three types of Admittedly, convoys and trouble convoy-fast, medium and slow, enough of their own without the Stubbs Rd.. Phones: 27778-9. The fast convoys

chief were exclu-submarines. The

handicap was the inadequate staff of signal- sively large ocean liners, a dozen men. A trained naval signalman is or so in a batch, and mainly one of the wonders of creation. At British. They carried Ameri- weather he must be all-seeing and all times and in every kind of can troops, from 20,000 to 30,- able to impart exactly what another 000 men at each crossing, and ship is trying to convey, whether by flag. Dashing or semaphore. He is the cruising speed was 13 knots. the one indispensable in a fleet at sen, which without him is deaf, dumb and short-sighted.

the

Hongkong Telegraph. They also carried cargo.

Wyndham St., Hongkong

'Phone 26615 November 7, 1939

Wellington And

Another Hitler

London Philharmonic Orchestra Conducted By-Antal Dorati A MILITARY man draws at- The Dancing Years-(Ivor Novello's Latest Drury Lane Success! With:-Mary Ellis-Ivor Novella-Olive Gilbert and Roma Beaumont Rondo from "Haffner" Serenade (Mozart) ......Fritz Kreister Ballade No. 3 in A Flat Major (Chopin) Benno Moiseiwitsch

tention to the striking similarity between present war conditions and those which kept the world in a ferment during

were more

The medium and slow con- voys carried cargo exclusively, and their vessels numerous, there being as many as 40 or 50 ships in a slow con- The medium convoy had a speed of 9 to 10 knots, while the slow limped along at from four to seven knots, and had gener- ally a good many neutrals at tached to it.

voy.

From New York, or a corres- ponding Canadian port, convoys sailed every day of the week. At a given moment there were al

the Atlantic from west to east, and a similar number returning Each convoy was timed as ex-

When the convoy systern started there was an insistent call for more signalmen for the merchant ships. The fighting feet had none to spare,. so they had to be created. Callow, seusick youths were rushed through intensive short courses of signalling at the depots and sent to sen. fine weather they were passable, but in storm, darkness and driving rain they were almost useless. Yet on the instant seeing and reading of a signal correctly hundreds of lives might at any moment depend,

*

*

*

"No more sitting by the window for Snodgrass-his doctor ordered a complete rest.”

These

Men

See

Never The Sky

guns,

T HAVE seen the great passageways each with its separate steel gates roll silently ward of lving men und glittering ORTUNATELY, many of the mer- bars and bolts. And now the dynamos, with red lamps Bashing into place: heard the crash of

Here and there are humming chant service ofBeers were good signallers, but it was important that whole of the Maginot Line of Miniature electric trains carry food their minds should not be distracted forts stands ready for the rudest and ammunition from one central duties and thus imperil their ships. from New York was a stirring sight The departure of a fast troop convoy

LIG. the Napoleonic Wars. Substitute ways 100 or more ships crossing from their onerous watchkeeping assaults that modern war can redoubt to the far-fung system of

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Count the "TELEGRAPHS" everywhere

the name Hitler for Napoleon and we have an exact parallel.

After

threaten.

Amaller forts.

In a deep recess, I found the bakeries and cookhouses, where men, stripped to the waist, were preparing

troops.

the final defeat of netly as an express train, each "dazzle" coats of paint, nosed their are great underground fortresses meals for a garrison of some 900

the west of Ireland. There it line ahead on ellher beam.

other ships forming in colution of

At points I have visited, like the as the great liners, gay in their weird Hochwald or the Zimmerhot, there Napoleon, Wellington wrote:-ran on a different route, and the Ambrose lightship. The

way down river and assembled off stretching for many miles and burled

com- 2001. deep.

Next to the command-post la the "The Allies took

up arms each was scheduled to arrive on the armed merchant cruiser which steel chain, are the machine-gun and odd numbers.

modore, Aying his broad pennant in

Elsewhere, torming links in a huge telephone-exchange, with its hundred There is no fear of Bevered communication. Every fort time at a fixed but changeable generally formed the ocean escort, artillery cupolas, "rendezvous" some 200 miles to took his station in the centre, the

In the Alps, 10,000ft. up, forts have has its triple set of armoured tele- been cut deep into the rock beneath phone lines buried so deep and so the white of the eternal mow). protected that not even the biggest was met by a destroyer escort

From there the Line stretches shell of the greatest slege-gun ever which took it through the more and in a short time all were heading incadows bordering the thine where Let me take you into one of the

Course and speed were signalled, northwards past Belfort to the green constructed could reach them. dangerous home waters until, seaward, leaving behind the cloud every slope.conceals a hidden fort machine-gun posts. Wo and it at the- approaching their destination, of patrol-boats, mine-sweepers and ships were dispersed to their them. On deep water being reached,

end of a passage with glistening con- aircraft which had accompanied

crete walls and we pass an immense respective unloading ports. paravanes, a nine-cutting device,

Somewhere the hum of electric- were holsted inboard, and the All this immense detail had to zig-zag signalled. The zig-zag might pushing north past Montmedy and passages and gun positions provided first the tree-topped hills of the Ardennes, ventilators can be head, keeping the be any one of some 20 designs clearly Stenay to the corn and blue-fowered with "conditioned" air at such a set out in a book, some very drastic flax fields of the Belgian frontier.

against Buonaparte because it was certain that the world could not be at peace as long as he should possess supreme power in France.-The-Allied-Powers: have fought, not against France, but against one man and his

adherents."

40

be worked out weeks, generally But Wellington went further. a month, ahend. Yet convoys at sea rarely saw one another, He spoke of the conditions that though one might guess at the should prevail after the war, presence of a slow convoy and of the only way in which miles away by the pall of smoke

accompanying it. peace could be preserved. He said, in effect, that the Allies

must either weaken France and keep her weak, or must make an arrangement which would suit all parties to it. Here, too, we have an opinion which bears weight to-day.

* ★

* ✰ AND so, along the narrow blue-painted steci door.

streams of the Lauter to

pressure that no outside gases can

and some less so, but all entalling a Every fort, every machine-gun leak through, and with such suction loss of from 10 to 20 per cent on the post is so deeply buried, every up draught that the gases from the gun- day's run. Several times in every proach is so skilfully hidden, that I breeches are instantaneously cleared hour the ships allered course 10- have driven for milce along the Lino away. gether by clock, and continued so without seeing anything to reveal that, Twinned OT quadrupled heavy to do while daylight remained.

surface.

In the secret orders supplied be.

within a hundred yards, there exists machine-guns are installed. Only the the most powerful and complicated mechanism of the guns is visible. machinery that has ever beca cot up The muzzles point through the steel to secure a frontier from attack. shields, and all would be dark but I have visited fortress systems all for the clear light of the electric A SLOW convoy, its motley AT dark, zig-zagging ceased by

collection of Jame ducks signal, to be resumed again at anything like this Maginot Line,

over Europe, but never have I seen lamps. wallowing their rusty sides and earliest dawn. It also ceased during which was the idea of Sergeant matically filed and run

The belts cartridges are auto- the gun- straggling over miles of ocean, off the Banks of Newfoundland, es

fon. For was the bane of existence Maginot, who

became Minister of breeches. The gunners have merely. Wor. offered by far the easiest, if not pecially during the early summer.

to keep the machinery set and swing When a staff officer pointed out to the whole gun-block round to the most tempting, bait to a lurking One moment all was fair to look submarine, yet it was strange pen. The next, with the sudden- was a sight curve in the ground, and by telephone.

me a gun position, all I could see angle and elevation indicated to them ncss of a thunder-clap, how seldom such ships were were enshrouded in an impenetrable form of a cupola.

the ships then my eye barely distinguished the In the cupolas sheltering, may, attacked. That submarines did eloud, a cloud whielt hid the grim

couple of 3in. quickfirers the principle The tendency to roam at ran-

Is the same. The breech-mechanism not like convoys was very soon dangers of the bergs floating on its

* *

and the laying of the gun is all that obvious. dom over the field of the future

concerns the gunners. The shells EVE

VERY advantage of slope and to make generalisations on

The reasons were also fairly fore sailing there was a list of "ren Auge had been seized on.

come up in a ceaselem stream by. and ground and camou-hoist from the ammunition store 50ft. obvious. Ships in a convoy dezvous," one for each day of the Maginot Line runs, almost invisible, matically into position; the breech- The or Guft, below. Each shell runs auto- peace should be curbed. This were continuously zig-zagging voyage. In the event of attack, the from sen to. mountain, and thence blocks slide to the guns are fired, war will be won by the surren-in close formation, leaving convoy had orders to scatter in every towards the sea again.

little room. for

direction, renssembling at the next Intrusion.

All along the 500 miles of frontier, and the cartridge-cases afected, der of the common people of Besides their artillery, bomb-aged by the enemy was to be left to and artillerymen have been swallow- day's "rendezvous." A ship dam-tens of thousands of French infantry Germany to the dictates of ren-throwers and depth charges; her fate, and all were strictly for-ed up and have disappeared from

TN front of the forts, extend- they also had a well-armed "na-bidden to succour her. This work sight. There they remain deep down of yards are the great bulks of ing to a depth of hundreds. son. To win this, war, and to val escort.

hnd to be left to the small craft at their alloted posts. which would at ones be rushed to make another war less likely, we

The role the rank-and-file of the barbed wire and the immense bar- the scene.

fortress regiments play is that of riors of fin.-thick steel pickets which, blind automatons.":

with other devices, form the tank- need to say quite simply to the

From the time they reach their traps. German people-Give us a Gov-

positions at machine-gun and art- Picked troops are necessáry to man iery posts, or beside the complicated the underground forts. Despite all ernment which accepts the prin- ciple of negotiation as a sub- stitute for force and which is composed of people whose bond is worth having.

* *

I

*

**

Clearly a submarino could not approach closely on the sur- face, and when she dived her speed was limited. The con- voy's zig-zag pattern was also ONLY saw one enemy submarine machinery which lights and ventintes the lighting, ventilating, and heating. continually changing, so that it while on convoy duty. This the forts and works the lifts and arrangements, life is not too pleasant was almost hopeless to judge was at midnight in foggy weather, ammunition-bolsts, the men nover in these concrete tunnels and steel,

when her

connlag-tower almost see the sky above or the fields around redoubts. where the ships would be when brushed against our side. It was a them.

It is difficult to accustom men to They are a blind army.

live like moles without a sight of the she put up her periscope again. narrow aqueak for the submarine, on the surface quite

sky for days on end. It is hard to They might be heading right for she was

unconscious of our presenco, and was away from her, in which ease out of sight again probably before

conquer the prevailing damp, and even more difficult to overcome the an attack was hopeless,

she had time to realise it. But sub-

It come to an attack they monotony of sitting Idie, waiting for would fire their bullets and the summons which may never come. marines there were in plenty. Equally well, a 'submarine on

afells an unseen army-at an un- The French High Command has Marriage Tests coming to the surface might

Convoys passed elther north or seen enemy.

realised this. find herself right among them. south about Ireland. While still 200 There are no loopholes, no cm- For the officers and N.C.Os pet-÷ Accepted She would be too close to fire a destroyer

miles out at sea they were met by a brasures through which they can manently attached to the Maginot. escort. This skirmished look. Every aperture is shut out by Ling the time spent garrisoning the CAMDEN, N. 3. (UP)-Southern torpede, and would be in the ahead and on the flanks. As the foot and a half of hardened steel, forts counts as if they were engaged New Jerary couples, lavo withdrawn greatest danger of being coast was approached further ante- every gun is aimed and fred outo-in a colonial campaign, opposition to New Jersey's pre- crushed beneath their keels, guards were taken, for the last few maticaily. Only the observation staff marital blood test law, according to even if she escaped the shower miles were the most dangerous.

of officers see what is happening the marriage license bureau. During of bombs and depth-charges If all went well and no fresh mine-

above ground. July, 83 couples, nearly the normal number, applied for licensee here, which would certainly be rained fold Had been laid, a fast troop convey compared with 20 applications made on her as soon as her periscope might hope to reach its home poris on the 13th day after leaving New In July, 1938,

became visible.

York.

The interior of the great fortresses,

COME of the most celebrated! overal of which I have been specially formed the famous Iron Division

regiments, which once privileged to exaruine, some great underground

resembles Nancy, have been specially selected

rallway station, complicated by "staggered",

PLEASE Turn To Page 3.