1939-10-23 — Page 4

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October 23, 1939.

The Allies'

Big Three

Here are per pic- tures of the men who are leading the combin- ed services of France and Britain in the pre-

Bent

General Gamelin the

war -

Armies,

Sir Edward Ellington the Air Forces, and Ad- miral Sir Charles Mor- ton Forbes the Navies.

General GAMELIN

Hongkong Telegraph. G

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 October 23, 1939

The Neutrals

NEUTRAL countries, especially

those bordering Germany, have already experienced enough to con- vince them that they will have many dificulties, which are likely to be intensifiest as the war goes on.

la its usual hectoring tone, Ger. many has commanded those of them with a European seaboard that they must oppose the British Navy's anti- contraband operations. Otherwise Germany will consider them guilty of unneutral conduct and takt appropriate steps. So far from be ing intimidated by this threat, the Dutch Government has set the pace for those concerned by announcing that it will not be dictated to in lis Interpretation of neutrality.

The German Government reveals much anxiety and anger about the British "blockade," and this in apite of the assurances it recently issued that it had sources of supply that would render the British measures futile. The Nazis' sensitiveness on this subject must be interpreted as further evidence of Germany's dangerous shortage of commoditles essential to the waging of a long

war.

She complains of an attempt to starve German women and children, but It is of materials directly necessary in warfare that she is thinking mainly. In

any caac, what is the U-bont campaign but an attempt to starve British women and children?

Some months ago, in estimating this country's prospects in a war that they felt to be inexorably i approaching, our more pessimistic prophets took it as a matter of: course that France and Britain would be opposed by the full strength of the Rome-Berlin Axis, with Japan In the Far East also doing her best to make things awk- ward for us, and Spain, out of gratitude to her Nazi and Fascist friends for their assistance in the civil war, probably adding to our difficulties in the Moditerranean.

for

That would Indeed have been a burdensome situation

the Western democracies, though, In fulfilment of their engagements to face it without flinching. As-It

ENERAL MARIE GUSTAVE 【GAMELIN, who has been in- vested with more military power than any Frenchman since Napolcon. has never captured the imagination of his fellow-country- men. Outside France even less is known of lik

war.

Yet milltary experts regard him as the greatest living exponent of the complex art of modern They speak of him as the logical choice for supreme command of both French and British forces.

France has even errated for him a new military rank. She has made him General Commander- in-Chief of the French Forces. And that is a rank that makes even. the baton of n Marshal of France lose a little of its glamour. What manner of man is he? He comes of a line of distin- guished officers.

*

At B. Cyr Military Academy he Icar attended the lectures instructor who cast the die that put young Gamelin at the top of his' year, its most brilliant student

The nome of that instructor was FoclL

At 24 Gamelin was a full Boutenant. already a marked man with a geo- graphical aurvey of Algiers and Tunis to his credit

During the crucial Battle of the Marne, when it seemed as though the Germans would achieve their military objective, Paris, he was serving under

Jostre.

He was known at headquarters as an emcer who set great store by phila sophy, in particular, by Bergson's Leaching.

The German right had just been. roiled buck. Nerves, frayed and taunted, relaxed. Even the great Joffre himself reacted. Only one man remained unruffed.

Jaffre looked at this affcer for a while. Then he remarked: "Weil, it this is philosophy, it is time all generala were philosophers."

The officer, of course, was Gamelin. Who was the architect of that great victory? Whose was the plan that Lurned the German army?

They say you were the author of that famous turning mancurre? * Students of war sometimes put this question to Gamelin,

He has but one answer. "Nonsense."

Nevertheless, you will And few military experts who believe anything elso.

A terse:

War is the sole test of a soldier. Out of it Gamella came with a reputatlon second to none. He never messed a job. He never fumbled

When peace came he was recognised among French military experts in the outstanding figure of the French Army. The war over, other work awaited him. He was chosen to head the military mission to Brazil. a task calling for a different set of qualities. In 1925 he was sent to Syria to put

happens, the military position is Holidays With Pay

much more favourable to the Allied

That

down the Druse rising. meant difficult guerlila war and desert technique. He had only a handful of French colonial troops.

Two years later he was in com- mand of the troops in the Levant. Next he took over the 20 Army Corps. By 1938 he was Chief of Staff, four years later succeeding General Weygand as Vice-Presi- dent of the Supreme War Council.

He speaks little, but auccinctly. This has resulted in the legend that he is shy. Nothing could be further from the truth.

Ho works long hours. But he is never hurried. Daladier is said to hold him in profound respect. and with reason.

121-

When Gamelin leaves the Wor Ministry he does so by an ostentatious exit. Across the road and directly facing him are the windows of a room with an especial significance for him.

For in that room, sixty-seven years ago, he first saw the light of day.

A

Admiral FORBES

18

DMIRAL am CHARLES MORTON FORBES has been Commander-in-Chief of the Home Fleet for more than a year.

If war came, he is generally re- garded as the man who will be supreme commander of the Bri- tish and French feets. It is just possible that instead be might be given big job in Whitehall: the Admiralty believes in moving its leading men around briskly from command to command.

But on the whole Forbes is the

for tho favourite

pest of allied "Admiralissimo."

No influence or wire-pulling has taken him to his present position. He is not one of your uncle-in-the-Admir alty successes. There seems to be na reason for having him as Commander of the Home Fleet coept that he is jus the best man for the job.

He is fifty-eight years old and en- tered the service through H.MS, Bri- tannia when he was a boy of 14.

Ho His tastes are simple enough. has a house near Virginia Water, and whenever he is there which is not very often he spends most of his time in shabby old clothes, gardening.

*

when he was only 22 he was chosen-

He became so to specialise in gunnery. efficient that he attracted the atten- tion of de torbeck, who later became notorious na Commander-in-Chief at the Dardanelles.

Forben was several times under de Rocbeck's command, and after the war broke out he went to the Dar- ingelics as second-in-command of the Queen Elizabeth, then the naval wonder of the world,

Later he was recalled to the Grand Pleet and made Jellicoe's flag com mander en board the Eron Duke.

Bo there he was, on the staff, when Jutland, the only great naval battle in a hundred years, came to be fought. His job during the battle was to piot on a map the ever-changing move ments of the British and German flects. He did it so well that cold. precise Jellicoe praised blm in die- patches: "Forbes has always afforded me great assistance."

For his services he was given a D.8.0.

Irt November.

1017. he com- manded a cruiser of the Grand Ficet in the battle of Heligoland Bight. A year inter he was present when the German High Beas Fleet surrendered unconditionally at Scapa Flow.

Since the war he has had quite a number of Jobs an dry land, and from 1032 to 1934 he was Third Ben Lord.

He has known a good deal of domestic sorrow, His first wife died

Siegfried Line Hardships

Paris.

ERMAN Prisoners captured by the

Cause the many het daredore. In Building Trade French speak freely about bad

Intimated

her

SALISBURY, Rhodesia.

conditions in the Siegfried Line they state that the health of the de-

The dispute in the building indus- fenders is impaired by the recent cold

Italy, so far from preving a certain starter, has preferred to exploit the benefits of peace. Japan, estranged from the Axis by the German-Soviet Pact, has also ty as to whether employees should and damp weather.

have annual holidays with pay was determination to

Conditions in the small concrete referred by the National Joint Coun-. stand aside. In terms equally cil of the Industry, under the Indus-blockhouses, holding the Siegfried emphatic, General Franco has mudo trial Conciliation Act, to an arbitra-fine defenders, are apparently very It known that his country has had tor, Sir Robert Meilwaine, the former hard and there la no adegnate pro- vision for ventilation once the heavy enough of war to satisfy its military judge, zcal for a long time to come.

is award is in favour of annual doors have been closed, Hungary also holds aloof, although holiday with pay, the cost to be borne until recently she seemed to bo by a fund contributed to equally by moving fast towards the totalitarian employees and employers.

In some cases there is only room enough for a fire and when prolonged attack prevents men going outside,

bloc.

None of the Balkan cou

countries Blood Transfusion Service-At a they have to sleep practically stand- shows the sightest desire to be conference of the blood transfusion ng up. The damp from the outside drawn into Hitler's adventures. nervices of Southern Africa, held at penetrates Into the lines and drips

In short, Germany stands alone. Johannesburg recently, it was stated down the walls. The real test has to come. Hitherto that only two countries in the world

have this service organised nailonally Supplies of food have to be brought she has had to deal with compara-instead of locally, namely, Russia and from outside, probably under fire, so tively weak countries. The task in Southern Rhodesia, Sufficient volun- during a prolonged attack with the west awaits her, and under tory blood donors are registered in heavy artillery fre communica- conditions much more favourable to Southern Rhodesia to ensure that tons, men will be penned in damp the democracies than they were in Boine ore available in every part of and cold blockbousta without food, 1914.

the Colony, no matter how remote. sleep, or sufficient uir.

GENERAL CAMELIN

SIR E. ELLINGTON

during the war, leaving him a son and a daughter..

In 1921 he married again. This time his wife was a Swedish woman, Mario Louiso Berndtson. She has borne him one daughter.

In 1931, while he was on naval ezer- cises in the Adriatic, he learnt by wire- less message that his elder daughter. Audrey, then 21, was ill in Malta.

He inado a dash of 800 miles in a destroyer, but was too late. She had died of pneumonia.

When two months ago units of the French Fleet vialled the British Fleet in the Firth of Forth, Forbes and the French Commander-in-Chief got an Which All the splendidly together.

more marks him dawn as the man to command the allied fire."

He knows now a good deal about war ife was in command preparations. during the Fleet's sudden mobilisation In last September'a Czech crisis.--And- from his Bagship, the mighty Nelson. he has controlled this summer's slower but even fuller mobilisation,

Sir Edward ELLINGTON

W

YHO will be generalissimo of the Air? The likely cholco is a quiet, hand- sume, grey-haired bachelor of 03, whose medium height and short,

trimmed carefully

moustache, above tight lips give him a remark- able resemblance to Halg.

Inspector-General of the Royal Air Force, Bir Edward Leonard Ellington

ADMIRAL 'FORBES

is little known outside the ranks of the army and air-force. He has kept well out of the limelight and shunned the spectacular.

See him walking briskly in the street In short black morning jacket and

triped trousers, carrying an umbrella In one hand and a brief ense in the other and you would take him for a fairly prosperous company director or u bank manager.

The face is kindly, but somewhat grim, indicating that he keeps hiz emotions well under control. No photo- graph shows him with a amila or with. even the suggestion of a laugh.

He walks with a slep that suggests he is digging his feet into the ground. and there is a peculiar lungo in his gall, suggesting eagerness to get on with the job.

Supremo qualification of Marshal ot the Air Force Sir Edward Ellington to be Generalissimo of the Air is his re- markable record as soldier-airman.

When he obtained his commission in the Royal Artillery as a young man of 20, the aeroplane was a dream of the scientist.

Military men scoffed at the sugges- tion that the air machine could ever be a factor in war, but Captain Edward Ellington. RA.. showed his faith in hla convictions by learning to fly in the fragile machines that bind then been evolved.

In 2012 he graduated as a pilot. and the following year was appointed to the then "Cinderella of the Bervices," the Royal Flying Corps.

When war broke out in 1914 the Air Force was still scoffed at by the Army as an effective Oghting instru ment, and Ellington was assigned to

military duties on the ground.

He was on the staff in France unti the end of 2017, when he was appointed to the War Office in London as Deputy-Director-General of Military Acronautics. In January, 1918, he was Director-General

In August. 1918. he became Con- rolier-General of Equipment at the Air Ministry, and when the Ministry was reorganised in February, 1919, he Director-General of appointed

STAS

Supply and Research.

His organising ability marked him out as the man to create and elabō- rate the links binding the air defences overseas.

In 1923 he was in Egypt as Chief of the Royal Air Force in the Middle East. The following year he was in . India as Air Officer Commanding.

In 1970 he held the Iraq Command. and be remained in the East until h became Chler of Air Defence of Great Britain. Since then he has been on a tour of "inspection" in Canada, Aus tralia. Palestine and Malta.

Herr

In, 1020, he was promoted Air Mar shal and. in January of this year, Air Chief Marahini.

anet. von Ribbentrop has him as a fellow guest of Lord It is Londonderry in County Down. said that Ribbentrop was puzzled by the friendly but rarely-ming Brita Air Chlet. There was no doubt that the Nazi was impressed as well as puzzled.

GRIN AND BEAR IT

By Lichty

"They're having such a wonderful time--I wonder where they

get all the gossip?""