1939-10-23 — Page 24

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The

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Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 October 23, 1939

The Neutrals

NEUT

EUTRAL countries, especially those bordering Germany, have already experienced enough to con- vince them that they will have many difficulties, which are likely to be intensified as the war goes on,

In its usual hectoring tone Ger- many has commanded those of them with a European seaboard that they must oppose the British Navy's anti- contraband operations. Otherwise Germany will consider, them guilty of unneutral' conduct and take appropriate steps. So far from be- Ing Intimidated by this threat, the Dutch Government has set the pace for those concerned by announcing that it will not be dictated to in its Interpretation of neutrality.

The German Government revents much anxiety and anger about the British""blockade," and this in-spite of the assurances it recently issued that it had Rources of supply that would render the British mensures futile. The Nazis' sensitiveness on this subject must be interpreted as further evidence of Germany's dangerous shortage of commodities essential to the waging of a long War,

She complains of an attempt to starve German women and children, but it is of materials directly necessary in warfare that she is thinking mainly. In Bny case. what la the U-boot campaign but an attempt to starve British women und children?

Some months ago. in estimating this country's prospects in a war that they felt to be inexorably approaching, our more pessimistic prophets took it as a matter of course that France and Britain would be opposed by the full strength of the Rome-Berlin Axis, with Japan in the Far East also dolug her beat to make things awk- ward for us, and Spain, out of gratitude to her Nazi and Fasciat friends for their assistance in the civil war, probably adding to our difliculties in the Mediterrancan.

That would Indeed have been a burdensome aituation for the Western democracies, though, in fulfilment of their engagements to face t without flinching. As it happens, the military position in

October 23, 1939.

The Allies'

Big Three

Here are pen pic- tures of the men who are leading the combin- ed services of France and Britain in the pre- sent war General Gamelin the Armies, Sir Edward Ellington the Air Forces, and Ad- miral Sir Charles Mor- ton Forbes the Navics,

General GAMELIN

ENERAL MARIE GUSTAVE FOAMELIN, who has been in

G

vested with more military power than any Frenchman since Napoléon, has never captured the Imagination of his fellow-country- men. Outside France even less is known of blm.

Yet military experis regard him as the greatest living exponent of the complex art of modern war. They speak of him as the logical choice for supreme command of both French and British forces,

France has even created for hin a new military rank. She has made him General Commander- In-Chief of the French Forces. And that is n rauk that makes even the baton of a Marshal of France for a little of its glamour. What manner of man is he?

He comes of a guished officers.

That

down the Druse rising. meant dimeuit guerilla war and desert technique. He had only a handful of French colonial troops.

Two years later he was in com- mand of the troops in the Lorant. Next he took over the 20 Army Corps. By 1930 he was Chief of Staff, four years later succeeding General Weygand as Vice-Proxi- dent of the Supremo War Council

He speaks little, but succinctly. This has resulted in the legend that he is shy. Nothing could be further from the truth

Ho works long hours, Bat he is nover burried. Daladier la said to hold him in profound respect, and with reason.

When Gamelin leaves the War Ministry

try he does so by an un- ostentatious exit. Across the rond and directly facing him are the windows of a room with an especial afgulácance for him.

For in that room, sixty-seven years ago, he first saw the light of day.

A

Admiral FORBES

DMIRAL

BIR CHARLES

MORTON FORBES has been

Home Fleet for more thari a year.

If war came, he is generally re- garded as the who will be

the man wil supreme commander of the Bri- tish and French Geets. It is just possible that instead he might be given a big job in Whitehall: the Admiralty believes in moving ita leading mon around briskly from command to command.

But on the whole Forbes in the

tho

allied pust of favourite for line of distin-

"Admiralissimo."

No influence or wire-pulling has taken him to his present position. He It not one of, your uncle-in-the-Admir alty successes. There seems to be no reason for having him as Commander of the Home Fleet except that he is just the best man for the job.

*

At SL Cyr Millary Academy he attended

of a lean the lectures instructor who cast the die that put- young amelin at the top of his year, its most brilliant student.

The name of that instructor wis Foch.

At 24 Gamelin was a full Heutenant, already a marked man with a_geo- graphical survey of Algiers and Tunis to his credit.

During the crucial Battle of the Marne, when it seemed as though the Germans would achieve, their military objective, Paris, he was serving under Joffre

He was known at headquarters as an ofcer who set grent store by phile-- sophy, in particular, by Bergson' teaching.

The German right had just been rolled back Nerves, trayed and taunted. relaxed. Even e great Joltre himself reacted. Only one man remained unruled.

Joffre looked at this officer for a while. Then he remarked:." Well, if this is philosophy, It is time all generals were philosophers,"

The officer, of course, was Gamelin, Who was the architect of that great victory? Whose ta the plan that turned the German army?

"They say you were the author of that famous" tuming binnauvre? Students of war sometimes put th(S question to Gamelin,

He has but one answer. A terse: "Nonsense."

Nevertheless, you will find few military experts who believe anything else.

Wir is the sole test of a soldier, Out of it Oamelin came with a repulation Recond to none. He never messed a Job. He never fumbled

When peace cume he was recognised among French military experis is the outstanding figure of the French Army. The war over, other work awalled him. He was chosen to head the, military mission to Brazil, a task cafting for a different set of qualities. In 1025 ho was sent to Syria to put

much more favourable to the Allied Holidays With Pay

He

He is fifty-eight years old and en- tered the service through HMS. Bri lannia when he was a boy.of 14. His tastes are simple enough. has a house near Virginia Waler, and whenever he is there-which is not very often-he spends most of his timo in shabby old clothes, gardening.

*

When he was only 22 he was chosen to speelalije in gunnery--He became celent int be attracted the atten- lion of de Roebeck, who later became notorious as Communiider-in-Chief at the Dardanelles.

Forbes was several times under de Rocbeck's command, and after the war broke out he went to the Dar danelles as second-in-command of the

then Queen Elizabeth,

the DAVEL wonder of the world.

Later he was recalled to the Grand Fleet and made Jellicoe's Dag com- mander on board the Iron Duke.

Sa there he was, on the ata, when Jutland, the only great naval battle In a hundred years, came to be fought. is job during the battle was to plot on man the ever-changing move- ments of the British and German teat. He did it so well that cold. preciso Jelliese praised him in dis- patches: Forbes has always afforded .me great assistance,"

For his services he was given A D.S.O.

1917. In November.

be com- manded a cruiser of the Grand Fleet in the bottle of Helgoland Bight A year later he was present when the German High Bras Firet surrendered unconditionally at Scapa Flow.

Bince the war he has had quite a number of Jobs on dry land, and from 1032 to 1934 he was Third Ben Lord,

He has known a good deal of domalle sorrow, His first wife diett

Siegfried Line Hardships

Paris.

MERMAN prisoners captured by the

cause than many had dared hope In Building Trade French speak freely about bad

liały, so

from proving a

certain starter, has preferred to explolt the benefits of peace. Japan, estranged from the Axls by

SALISBURY, Rhodesin.

The dispute in the building indus-

conditions in the Slezfried Line and they state that the health of the de-i fenders is impaired by Ulis recent cold the Germann-Soviet Pact, has also try as to whether employees should and damp weather, intimated her determination to have annual holidays with pay was referred by the National Joint Coun-

Conditions in the small concrete stand nalde. In terms equally all of the industry, under the Indus-blockhouses, holding the Siegfried emphatle, General Franco has made trial Conciliation Act, to an arbiim-ne defenders, are apparently very it known that his country has had for, Sir Robert Mellwaine, the former hard and there is no adequate pro- vision for ventilation once the heavy enough of war to satisfy its military judge.

doors have been closed.

·

zeal for a long time to come. His &ward is in favour of annual Hungary also holds aloof, although holiday with pay, the cost to be borne

In some cases there is only room until recently she seemed to be by a fund contributed to equally by enough for a fire and when prolonged moving fast towards the totalitarian employees and employera.

attack prevents men going outside, bloc. None of the Balkan countries Blood Transfusion Service-At they have to sleep practically stand- shows the sightest desire to be services of Southern Africa, held at penetrates into the lines, and dripa Irig up. The dump from the outside drawn into Ilitler's adventures.

conference of the blood 'transfusion

In short, Germany stands alone. Johannesburg recently. It was alaled down the walls.

that only two countries in the world)

-

GENERAL GAMELIN

SIR E. ELLINGTON

during the war, leaving him a son and a daughter.

In 1911 he married again. This time is wife was a Bwedish woman, Mario Louisa Berndtson. She has borne bim one daughter.

In 1931, while he was on naval exer- cises in the Adriatic, he learnt by wire- less message that his cider daughter. Audrey, then 21, was ill in Malta.

He made a dash of GOD miles in A destroyer, but was loo late. She had died of pneumonia,

When two months ago units of the French Fleet visited the British Meet in the Firth of For, Forbes and the French Commander-in-Chief got on splendidly together. Which all the more merka him down as the man to command the alled Nects.

He knows now a good deal about war preparations. I was in command during the Fleet's sudden mobilisation in Inst September's Czech crisis. And "from" his flagship." the mighty-Nelson; he has controlled this summer's slower but even fuller mobilisailon,

The real test has to come. Hitherto have this service organised nationally Supplies of that have to be brought; 2; she has had to deal with compara-instend of locally, namely, Russia and from outside, probably under fire, sû lively weak countries. The task in Southern Rhodesin, Sufficient volun- during a prolonged attack with the west awaita her, and under tary blood donors are registered in heavy artillery fire un communica- conditions, much more favourable to Southern Jodenia to ensure that tons, men will be penned in damp the democracies than they were in some are available in every part of and cold blockhouses without food,

the Colony, no matter how remote. aleep, or sufficient bir, 1914.

Sir Edward ELLINGTON

W

THO will be generalisalmo of the Air? The likely cholco is a quiet, hand- some, grey-haired bachelor of 02, whose medium height and short, moustache, trimmed carefully above tight lips give him a remark- able resemblance to Halg.

Inspector-General of the Royal Air Force, Sir Edward Leonard Ellington

· ADMIRAL FORBES

la lttle known outäide the ranks of the army and air force. Ho has kept well out of the limelight and shunned the spectacular.

See him walking briskly in the street in short black "morning" jacket and striped trousers, carrying an umbrella in one hand and a brief cano in the other and you would take him for a fairly prosperous company director or a bank manager.

The face is kindly, but somewhat - grim,, indicating that he keeps his emations well under control. No plate- graph shows him with a smile or with even the suggestion of a laugh.

He walks with a step that suggesta ho is digging his feet into the ground. and there is a peculiar lunge in his gall, suggesting eagerness to get" on with the job.

י

★

Supreme qualification of Marshal of the Air Force Bir Edward Ellington to be Generalissimo of the Air is his re- markable record as soldier-airman.

When he obtained his commission In the Royal Artillery as a young man of 20, the aeroplane was a dream of the scientist.

Military men scoffed at the sugges tion that the air machine could ever be a factor in war, but Captain Edward. Ellington, 12.4. showed his faith in hls convictions by earning to fly in the fragile machines that had then been evolved.

In 1913 he graduated as a pilot, and the following year was appointed to the then Cinderella of the Services," the Royal Flying Corps.

When war broke out in 1014 the Air Force was all scoffed at by the Army as an effective Aghting Instru meat, and Ellington was assigned to- malitiary duties on the ground.

He was on the staff in France until the end of 1017, when he was appointed to the War Office in Losdon ng Deputy-Director-General of Military Aeronautics. In January, 1918, he was Director-General.

In August, 1918, he beenme Can- troller-General of Equipment at the Air Ministry, and when the Ministry was reorganlaed in February, 1919, he was appointed Director-General of Supply and Research.

His organising ability marked bim out as the man to create and elabo- rate the links binding the air defeners.

oversens,

In 1922 he was.in Egypt as Chief of the Royal Air Force in the Middle East The following year he was in India as Air Officer Commanding,

In 1920 he held the Iraq Command. and he remained in the East until he became Chief of Air Defence of Great Britain. Since then he has been ofi-a. Lour of inspection" in Canada, Aus- traila. Palestine and Malta.

In 1039 he was promoted Air Mar shal and, in January of this year. Air Chief Marshai.

as

-

met. Herr von Ribbentrop has him

fellow gucat of Lord It is Londonderry in County Down. sald that Ribbentrop was puzzled by the friendly but rarely-smiling British Air Chief. There was no doubt that the Nazi was impressed as well as puzzled.

GRIN AND BEAR IT

1

By Lichty

having such a wanderful-time—I wonder where they

gat all the ro