1939-08-25 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, AUGUST 25, 1939.

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BIRTH

SHEPHERD.--On August 25, 1839, t Kowloon Hospital, to Jessic Laura, wife of J. Shepherd, I.K.P, a son. (Gillingham Kent papers please copy).

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 August 25, 1939)

Keep Calm

{THE GOVERNMENT met Parila-

ment yesterday in the midst of an acute European situation. Its gravity has increased in the past few days, and the optimism felt in some quarters yesterday was based on symptoms, rather than on fundamental causes.

His clear that Herr Hitler is The misebief. planning new nature of that mischief is not yet eerlain. Whether these plans are carried out and if they are, be- will what their depends in large measure upon Herr Hitler's assessment of the Britain and of determination

their France to stand fant to pledges against aggression.

nature

This determination has been in- dicated in no unmistakable terms by the Prime Minister, Mr. Neville Chamberlain, and by the unity of the peoples of the two democracies. Destiny once again demands that the people of this Commonwealth of which in Hongkong are members should once again stand to arma in defence of liberty.

Ave

It behoves us, as it behoves the citizens of every village, every city, every county and every country in to the British Commonwealth, give full and unhesitating support to the Government of our land.

We in Hongkong can best serve our Motherland by, remaining firm, calm and orderly. Our women and children cun' best serve the best interests of the Colony by arranging, if possible, for im

If mediate voluntary evacuation. it is not possible to voluntarily evacuate, the suggestion of a Government spokesman should be accepted and a minimum amount of luggage should be packed in readiness for compulsory evacua- tion, which will not be resorted to unless the situation warrants. We can serve the Interests of our Colony and its community by atoring an adequate supply reserve foodstuffs, and defeat, from its inception, any attempts at food profiteering.

of

thus

We can serve the interests of our Colony and ourselves by robuking scare-mongers, by die bolloving the spoken word in club and hotel, and by accepting rumour with scepticism.

We can serve the interest of our Colony and ourselves by offering our services to the Government in whatever form it desires to make use of them,

We can servo the interests of our

THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD. Colony and ourselves by scrupul

ously obeying overy injunction which may, from time to time, be $30! Ingued by nuthority.

A T TH

CAFE DANZIG

Anahitelars worth

U.S.-ARMS NO VALID

AND US

the facts about a question that

is dividing America to-day BY HAROLD LASKI

IERCE debates Con- gress over the proposed rovision of neutrality legislation are smetent evidence that it is a subject upon which convictions strong and deeply divided.

The issue of neutrality is complicated.

are

In part, but only in part, it derives from the natural desire of most Americans not to be involved in a possible European war.

In part. again, it derives from the struggle, dating right back to Washington's time, between the President and Congress for the decisive influence in foreign affairs.

IN part, further, it is the outcome of post-war re- in velations, especially the context of armament manu- facturers, of how easily the sale of armaments during a European war may drive the United States into what are virtually diplomatic com- mitments of which the Senate and, even less, the public, know nothing.

A good deal of the intensity of the present debate is built on the belief, for which no serious evi- dence exists, that in the event of n European war, President Roose- velt would use all his influence towards direct American inter- vention, on the side of the de- mocracies,

The Isolationists hope to prevent this through neutrality legislation that will tie the President's hands.

A good deal, further, is the out- come of the view. widespread among American Liberals, that American support for the present governments of Great Britain and France is support for reactionary Imperthilam and not for democracy.

They would take a very different view it Mr. Chamberlain and, in a less degree, M. Daladier, were to be

replaced by more demoratie

statesmen.

The present neutrality legisljon dates from 1937, and is the third of threo

Intended to experiments koep America free from Europan entanglements.

WHEN a state of wi exists, tho Presiden must apply an embargó, upon the export of "arms, muni- tions and implements or war" to belligerents.

Ile must prohibit the sale in the United States of securities or other financial Instruments by belliger- ents. He must prohibit them from Ho soliciting war contributions. must prohibit the use of American ahips for transporting implements of war. He must prohibit travel by Americans on ships belonging to .He must, belligerent countries. finally, prohibit the arming of the American mercantile marine..

All these are mandatory instruc-

Clearly.

tlons to the President. they go very far; clearly, also, they are born of the experience of the

last war.

But there is also a second cate- gory of prohibitions which are not mandatory, but left to the discre- tion of the President.

He may prohibit the transport of any commodities to a belligerent. He may prohibit the export of any goods to a belligerent until the title in such goods has been transferred to noreign govern- ment. This 18 famous "cásh

and carry" clause, the validity of which was limited no two years and is therefore not expiring.

He may, further, förbid the use of American ports as 'supply bases to belligerent warships; and he may forbid their use to foreign submarines and armed merchant ships.

The present debate seems to be n straight resolving itself into issue between those who want to preserve the 1937 law in its en- tirety, mostly the isolationists; and those who want to repeal the obil- gatory embargo on arms, extend the cash-and-carry provision to munitions, and leave the President discretion to apply the Act against an aggressor in a wor.

THIS Is the position, the supported by Administration. It would Fascist

mean, clearly, that if aggression involved the democra- cles in war, their Governments, as in 1014. would have access to American resources. The Import- ance of this clearly needs no emphasis.

It is difficult to predlet the out- At the come of tho debate. moment, it looks ns though the scheine favoured by the Adminis- tration will win in the House of Representatives fairly quickly.

But the Benato debato upon it will be prolonged, and its outcome is uncertain. Twenty-one senators have already announced strong opposition; and among its critica are the formidablo Senstor Borah, together with such well-known figures as Benators La Follette, Johnson and Nye.

Their view is that a single Agure, even the President, ought not to have the tremendous power involved in the right to name an aggressor; that this power is vir-

Tractor Built From Junk

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tually the power to declare war: that if it is conferred, and there is a European war, the United States, will be dragged in as surely, and with as evil results, as in the last war. They threaten a "Allbuster" against its pro- posed enactment.

A." Allbuster" is a serious matter. The Senate, differently from the House of Representa- tlves, has no rule of closure; and it can only limit debate by a special resolution requiring a its two-thirds

of voting members.

This is very difficult to attain, for obstructionist tactics are the main strength of the against executive control.

majority

Sennte

A "FILIBUSTER" by a ̧ single meinber will rarely do more-except at the close of a session--ttian postpone the measure enactment of a majority is determined to pass.

If the twenty-five Senators who are known to be against the revi- sion of the present Act-in favour, Indeed, of tightening its provi- flibuster" to- slons--decide to

gether, they may make the revision of the present law Impossible in this session of Congress,

A

And since, when Congress ad- Journs, it may not meet (without special session) until next December, in the event of a Euro-

this

summer, peari revision might easily assist the Fascist aggressora in a very con- siderable way.

war

non-

This is an American problem, to be decided by Americans. Upon it. It is, I think, right only to say this: A good deal of the opposition to revision would disappear if Mr. Chamberlain convinced the public opinion of the United States that he was really prepared to resist Fascist aggression.

I READ, for instance, in what is perhaps the most widely circulated Liberal Journal in America, that the Ad- ministration ought "to announce that it will not press Congress to go further in aiding France and Britain until the country shall be satisfied that these nations have given up appeasement and are

for almos standing only America can endorse."

The real problem is whether a Government led by Mr. Chamber- lain, and in which Sir John Blmon and Sir Samuel Hoare are pivotal figures, can persuade Americans of the sincerity of its democratic pro- fessions.

that

Graduating Class

Of 1 Tours

PASSPORT

By N. B. Whitestone

HARRY felt no end of a fool

as he, ashamed and abushed. lounged along the water-front. In his loneliness he eyed the hurrying, self-absorbed througs of well-dressed, confident fellows; envied their air of being at, home: their casual ordinari- ness.

He thought that it would even be better to live the life of the toiling half-naked Chinese who had (he thought) some- where to go, than to be Harry -just Harry-utterly forlorn in this exotic land. He was but a youngster and though this

Was

not his first sen voyage which had turned out so disas- trously, never before had he shipped for the East; and moodily he wished that he never had, ns he lounged des- pondently about, straining his eyes out to sea, where he should at this identical moment have been contentedly -cluttering about the steward's pantry.

When the previous evening, the Marie Lloyd had berthed, Harry had willingly joined his shipmates in a Jaunt shore, where they witiating willingly their turn, rejoiced in

In

150

a green born into the glories of the Erst, In Rosa's Bar they appeared to be firmly rooled, and the rounds of drinks, circled everlastingly, or 11 seemnet to the slightly dis- gusted Ind. Much as ho wished to draw the line, the youngster lacked the courage to resist his seasoned fellows, much less to reason with thom as to the desirability of a re- turn to their ship. But somehow he must get out of the Rosa or he would be tight! So, amid a somewhat lurid discussion as to the respective glories of the Broadway or Fisher's Row, Harry slipped out into the throng- ing, jostling street, still brilliantly would get a sampan and 1. He turn in, he thought. He sauntered along looking idly into the shops, intrigued by the curious assortment of goods, which he had never before seen, displayed in the Chinese shops. Though he liked the looks of the slim and daintily dressed figures of the not as yes Chinese girls, he had acquired the toleration of the old- timer who finds beputy in the Aslatie features. He regarded them without Interest and the occasional smile or low-toned word found him utterly unre«nonsive. Nor did ho need a ricksha, thank you! Harry, like the majority of his kind, was much at- tracted by the brightly lit "studio" exhibiting a selection of smiling beauties, handsome, capped petty

unattractive children

officers,

and

long-gowned patriarchs. That me, you know?" A nudge at his elbow and Harry quickly turned to see in- deed what appeared to be the very counterpart of the toothy photo. Now she smiled up at him in the flesh, and he, half amused, half ari- nayed looked into her rouged and thickly-powdered, pert little face; a sudden gesture revealed the silk- clad, finely-moulded, shapely leg.....

•

HARRY grunted, turned uncom

fortably on the narrow couch, and awakened, rubbing red-rimmed, hls roughened misty eyes; sucked tangue; stared around. He stumbled the boots HANCOCK, Mass. to his feet and donned

called lay alongside. He Keeping to tradition. Miss Augusta which

a tractor using parts of.13 discarded R. Deo tools her entire graduating softly and warily. No answer, Cau- and called. But automobiles. It has

speeds class at the Groton school to Newtiously he entered the little lobby were, the doors ahead and two in reverse. Unem-York as a graduation gift. The class and again stared ployed, he built the tractor to pay a consisted of Isabelle Jones, sole two rooms there

PLEASE Turn To Page 5. grade 8 graduate. debt.

1