1939-08-24 — Page 6

6

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, AUGUST 2.4, 1939.

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Precautions

NEVER, perhaps, has there been

such an accumulation of inter-" national problems as faces the world to-day;"never, certainly, has a "war of nerves" been so steadily maintained throughout a twelve. month. Yet our people remain unperturbed, Every indication paints to their determination to enjoy life to the full. By all the tests. amid alarums and excur-

sions, the British people in Hong- kong and other parts of the Empire remain resolved to Ko

forward with their normal life- conscious of the threats that over- bang the world but undisturbed by

them.

Men cannot in these days entire-

The World's ARMED FORCES

" was a definite, direct fear

war

that spread over Britain six months ago. Now, it is something entirely different. In a matter of weeks the people of this country have come to the knowledge that there is a big difference between the fear of war and prepared- ness for war.

But they have reached that understanding with a slowness that almost confirms the Con- tinental jokes about British wit.

Months ago, the armament fac- tories of Britain began to pro- duce death-dealing machinery al a rate unknown In England since the war.

Although those sometime in- comprehensible "D-notices "—the secrecy regulations which are Britain's nearest approach Lo totalitarian methods-have dis- gulsed our activities, most people realize now that only a step or two will be needed to put this country on to that much-discussed war basis.

That is why, to-day, when a book is published which claims to give the complete facts of the strength of the world's military Powers, care must be taken in assessing the military power in Europe.

It detracts from the value of any bool when the author insists upon remaining anon' mous. The name of the book "The Military Strength of the Powers" (Gollancz, 75, 6d.), and the author is given as "Max Werner," sald to be the prenttonym of a "elour student of international antitary affairs."

*

FROM the name, and the fact that a trans- later's name la given, we can take it that the author is a fureltner. Against his anony- mity, however, one has to appre- eate the mass of apparently re- table farts supporting quotations that he has produced.

* While the diplomata negollate, the machinery of war production 1 working at full blast," is the opening of the bank. That is one of those terribly self-evident facts that most wage earners in this country remembered last

weck when forms were distributed. But from that openlig, he tells the gruesomely

true story of how armaments, in twenty years, have grown from the comparatively simple nature of the last war to terrifying pitch of perfection.

"They farmaments) are alree

Even a leave, obviously, is now, sectional voluntary evacuation at

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exerting a terrible pressure 011 European foreign policy, and fore- Ing it in the direction of war," he saya. "To-day, the power of every European State is determined by their strength; by their political and economic strength, and, above all, by their military strength."

The man-in-the-street to-day is cancerned with the military strength of Russia. Stories of fabulous power have come from the Soviet; stories of thousands upon thousands of acroplanes, troops dropped by parachute; and tales of amazing new weapons.

The strength. of the Soviet mill- Lary machine is, in fact, n matter of Intense interest to the demo- cratle Powers of the world, yet the Russian authorities have so far placed the greatest difficulties in the path of all offeln) and un- official Investigators of that strength.

MR. WERNER has made one of his most interest- ing chapters from the present and potential strength of Russia. He points out that with that country's present production capacities and natural resources she should be in a better position and more resourceful on a

War

basis than the United States. By a series of deductions from Agures that have been published in Russia and outside it, he assumes a mill- tary and aviation strength which

ly rid their minds of anxiety, but this stage would, it is believed, cun- should be a grave discouragement

our

siderably help the authorities

they can rightly feel that such a

I should compulsory evacuation be- been position has

reached 46

come necessary at a Inter stage. enables them to face courageously!

Reduction of population would whatever the future may bring.

facilitate defence operations; it Novertheless, its

contem-

would also reduce the problem of porary so admirably pointed out

feeding in the event of a blockade-" this morning. compensense dic.

a contingency that must be faced taten that the general public

even in times of peace. Most im- should adopt such precautions as portant for fathers, husbands and are consistent with the interna- tional situation. It would be

foolish to stake the lives of our

families, our children, upon optimism. No person can but fallagong of mind and improve

sons--we again quote our morning contemporary-evacuation of WO- men and children would relieve the the

to any ideas of war now held by the opposite ends of the totall- tarian axis.

Here are some figures, which 50em so well authenticated by quotations from German, French and British experts, apart from Russian official documents, that they cannot be denied:

Expenditure on * Russian armament has Increased 20 times in Ave years;

The standing army last year numbered 1,300,000 men. and there are over 10,000,000 trained reserves;

Three years ago, 150,000 war plots were being trained; and

000,000 drivers were under training for military vehicles at the same time.

to realise the significance of the morale and efficiency of those who importance when it la realised that

must stay.

appeal issued this week by the

In addition to the question of Postmaster General, Mr. E. I. Wynne-Jones, for women and evacuation, housewives who must children to register their numes remain should, as we pointed out and address at the General Post two months ago, face the question Office, and the number of persons of food storage. This problem was who have already complied with tackled in England almost six months the-request indicates a gratifying ago, and we have been surprised Bense of responsibility amongst at the hesitation of Government in members of the British community. Hongkong at announcing, unti!

the yesterday,

advisability of It should be emphasised that

housewives adopting this the precautions adopted in this all direction by Government do not olementary precaution against food definitely envisage evacuation of shortage. An article published

elseivhere in our columns to women and children. Neverthe less, should the occasion Indeed day covers this question of food, The ideal is that every arise, it will be a period of anxiety reserves. and worry not only for the women home should have some reserve of and children themselves, but for non-perishable foodstuffe and, most important in hores containing babies the menfolk they will leave behind,

and children, adequate reserves of and for the authorities who must the type of food necessary for their cope with the situation.

sustenance. Although that ideal is

Ir

For those women and children probably unattainable, a step in the who can afford to leave the Colony

right direction would be made if

and who intended, in any event, to housewives would, bit by bit, com-

These figures are of tremendous

for five years now modern mill- tary experts have accepted the

ITALY

1780000 POLAND

LUQ,000

SOVIET RUSSIA

* 3050 - 8,50 %

HUNGARY}

F1,800,000 7 RUMANIA

306,000 TONS

110,000 Hubouuuu

YUGOSLAVIA ESZÁGO

BULGARIA

100

This map-diagram, reproduerd from the "New York Times." gives an idea of the difference between Europe's peace and war-time strength, but it should bc noted that the figures are in some cases outy rough estimates. Two things are, how- ever, beyond all doubt-the naval superiority of Britain and the numerical military pre-

dominance of itula,

fact that the tank and the nero- plane will be the main instru- ments of modern warfare. They are the weapons in the forefront of the revolution in military technique.

During the last war, they were comparatively new instruments, and have not yet-despite Spain. China and Abyssinia-been called upon to prove their worth under modern combat conditions.

"On

August 8, 1918, neveral hundred tanks-115 to be precise -broke through the German 1nes near Amiens in a battle which was the prelude to Germany's defeat. To-day, that number would repre- sent about the strength of one Tank Division, and hardly one- tenth of the total tank army of any of the big Powers." declares Mr. Werner.

The modernisation and the mechanisation of the Soviet Army, he adds, is likely to surprise many people who from prejudice have looked upon Russia as an unlikely Power in modern politics,

While many people have been. forced to accept the immense figures quoted for Russian tanks and aircraft, the importance of those figures have been lowered by stories of unreliability.

THREE years ago-be- fore Russian factorica had reached their pre- sent productive capacities-Colonel Martel, a member of the British Military Mission, watched the Ret Army maneuvres and reported: "The fact that very few tanks were compelled to fall out on account of mechanical defects, and that there -were no air accidents or forced- landings, inspired us with a respect for your tanks and aeroplanes."

In those manœuvres, 1,000 tanks and 1,000 aeroplanes took part.

Considering a mass of inter- national "testimonials" which he

GRIN AND BEAR IT

By Lichty

mește to hoard their requirements "Nopo, I'm not taking a vacation—the doc said the added strain proceed on vacation, the time to now.

would bring on a collapso,”

Includes in his book, the author says: "When military experts and politicians underestimate the strength of the Red Army. they are merely demonstrating their Own backwardness in modern military matters."

Whatever the truth of the author's various and often con- fusing estimates of the Powers' military strength, he points out the dreadful moral of a war that could happen to-day.

Modern warfare would be a terribly methodical, almost mathe- matical system of destruction, based on a time programme. A country determined on war would spend years of time and millions of money in planning the attack. The war that would ensue would be something more devastating than anything that has even been imagined. There will be riothing of the static killing of the Western front of a quarter-of-a-century ago-how old that makes one feell but something more scientiae and ruthless,

can

"THE history of war," SNYA our pseudonymic Max Werner, "offers us no historical basis on which we judge present-day arma- ments... To-day, European armies possess between Afteen and twenty times as many machine guns as they did in 1914, three times as much artillery, and a number of weapons which were entirely un- known then.

"Artillery range - has almost doubled.

The tank of 1918 had a speed of three or four miles an hour and a radius of 18 to 25 miles. In 1918 the acroplane had a speed of between 75 and 100 miles an hour and a radius of action of be- tween 150 and 180 miles.

The tank of 1930 has a speed of between 30 and 35 miles an hour and a radius of action up to 180 inlles. The aeroplane has a speed of between 250 and 300 miles an hour and a radius of action be- tween 700 and 2,000 miles."

And, he says, the big European armies of to-day have something like 25,000 neroplanes, 30,000 tanks. 50,000 guns and 200,000 machine guns,

Which should be-but is unlikely to be one of the most potent arguments for peace.

Ventriloquist- Pulpit Teacher

New York.

A VENTRILOQUIST'S dummy js helping to convert unbellevers of a Ichurch in Middleboro, Massachusetts. He is named Jerry and he sits on the knee of a ventriloquist clergyman, the Rov. Gerald Bonney, asking pertinent questions about religion.

Bonney answers Jerry's questions while Jerry. Very much like Holly- wood's Charlie McCarthy, wags his head understandingly.

These ventriloquist services were founded for children, but now hundreds of adults are crowding to them.

CONJURING, TOO

"Who led the Jews into the pro- mised land?" asks Dummy Jerry In Charlle McCarthy tones.

"Why, Jerry, it was Moses," replica Bonney.

"Who killed Gollath?"

**"Twas David, Jerry, my boy," Bonney also uses conjuring tricks to illustrate miracle stories from the Biblo.

When telling the story of the loaves and fishes miracle he asks a small' bay to help him, bringing his bat. Bonney drops five coins into the hat, which by his magic mysteriously in- 'ercuss to BEVERL