1939-08-24 — Page 18

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THE HONGKONg Telegraph, Thursday, August 2 4, 1939.

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Precautions

NEVER, perhaps, has there been

such an accumulation of inter- national problems as faces the world to-day; never, certainly, bas a "war of nerves" been sù steadily maintained throughout twélve.

month. Yet our people remain unperturbed. Every indication roints to their determination to enjoy life to the full. By all the texts, amid alarums and excur-

sions, the British people in Hong- kong and other parts of the Empire remain resolved to go forward with their normal life-

conscious of the threats that over- hung the world but undisturbed by

them.

Men cannot in these days entire-

ly rid their minda.of anxiety, but they can rightly feel that such a position has been reached na

enables them to face courageously whatever the future may bring.

--

The World's ARMED FORCES

was a definite, direct fear war that spread over Britain

ax months ago. Now, it is something entirely different. In a matter of weeks the people of this country have come to the knowledge that there in a big difference between the fear of war and prepared: hess for war.'

But they have reached that understanding with a slowness that almost confirms the Con- tinental jokes about British wit

Months ago, the armament fac- tories of Britain began to pro- duce death-dealing machinery at a rate unknown in England since the war.

Although those sometime in- comprehensible "D-notices "-the secrecy regulations which arc Britain's nearest approach to totalitarian methods-have dia- guised our activities, most people realle now that only a step or two will be needed to put this country on to that much-discussed war basis..

'That is why, to-day, when a book is published which elating to give the complete facts of the strength of the world's military Powers, care must be taken in assessing the military power in Europe,

It detracts from the value of any book when the author insists upon remaining, anonymous. The name af the book is "The Military Strength of the Powers" tollanez, 7s. 6d.), and the author is given as "Max Werner.", sald to be th pseudonym of a "close student of international mbitury affairs."

FROM the name, and the fact that a trans- lator's name is given,

we can take It that the author is a foreigner. Against his anony- mity, however, one has to appre- clate the mass of apparently re- Hable facts supporting quotations that he has produced.

While the diplomats negotiate. the machinery of war production is working at full blast," is the opening of the book. That is one of those terribly self-evident facts that most wage, earners in this country remembered Jast week when forms were distributed. But from that opening, he tells the truesomely true story of how armaments, in twenty years, have grown freni the comparatively simple nature of the last war to r terrifying pitch of perfection.

"They farmasients) are alres

leave, obviously, in now. Even a sectional voluntary evacuation at this stage would, it is believed, con- siderably help the authorities should compulsory evacuation be-

Jaler come necessary at a

stage. Reduction of population would facilitate defence operations; it would also reduce the problem of feeding in the event of a blockude--. a contingency that muat be faced even in times of peace. Most Im- portant for fathers, husbands and Bons--we again quote our morning

· contemporary—exacuation of wo. foolish to stake the lives of our men and children would relieve the families, our children. upon

Nevertheless, as our contem- porary so admirably pointed out this morning, commensense, dic- tates that the general public should adopt such precautions an are consistent with the interna- tional situation. It would

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exerting a terrible pressure on European foreign policy, and forc- ing it in the direction of war," he says. "To-day, the power of every European State is determined by their strength; by their politieal and economic strength, and, above all, by their military strength."

The man-in-the-street to-day is concerned with the military strength of Russia. Stories of

fabulous power have come from the Soviet; stories of thousands upon thousands of aeroplanes, troops dropped by parachute; and tales of amazing.new weapons.

The strength of the Soviet mill- tary machine is, in fact, a matter of intense interest to the demo- cratic Powers of the world, yet the Russian authorities have so far placed the greatest difficulties in the path of all official and un- official Investigators strength,

of that

MR. WERNER has made one of his most interest- ing chapters from the present and potential strength of Russla. He points out that with that country's present production capacities and natural resources she should be in a better position and moro resourceful on a wur asis than the United States. By a series of deductions from Agures that have been published in Russin and outside it, he Assumes a mill- tary and aviation strength which should be a graye dicouragement to any Ideus of war now held by the opposite ends of the totall- tartan axis.

Here are some figures, which seem so well authenticated by quotations from German, French and British experts, apart from Russian official documents, that they cannot be denied:

Expenditure on Russiau armament has Increased 20. times in five years;

The standing army last year numbered 1,300,000 men, and there are over 10,000,000 trained reserves;

Three years ago. 160,000 war pilots were being trained; and

900,000 drivers were

under training for military vehicles at the same time.

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This map-diagram, reproduced from the New York-Times." gives an idea of the difference between Europe's peace and war-ilme sirength, but It should be noted that the Agures are in some cases only raugh estimates. Two things are, bow. ever, beyond all doubl—the naval superiority of Britain and the numericnt military pres

dominance of Russia,

fact that the tank and the acro- plane will be the main instru- ments of modern warfare. They are the weapons in the forefront of the revolution in military technique.

During the last war, they were comparatively new instruments, and have not yet-despite Spain, China and Abyssinia-been called upon to prove their worth under modern combat conditions,

"On August 8, 1018, several hundred tanks-115 to be precise -broke through the German lines near Amiens in a Vallie which was the prelude to Germany's defeat. To-day, that number would repre- sent about the strength of one Tank Division, and hardly one- tenth of the total tank army of any of the big Powers." declares Mr. Werner.

The modernisation and the mechanisation of the Soviet Army, he adds, is likely to surprise many people who from prejudice have looked upon Russia as an unlikely Power in modern polities.

While many people have been forced to accept the immense figures quoted for Russian tanks and aircraft, the importance of those figures have been lowered by stories, of, unreliablity.

THREE years ago-be- + fore Russian factories had reached their pre- sent productive capacities-Colonel Martel. member of the British Military Mission, watched the Red Army manoeuvres and reported: "The fact that very low tanks were compelled to fall out on account of mechanical defects, and that there were no air accidents or forced- landings, inspired us with a respect for your lanks and aeroplanes,”

In those manœuvres, 1,000 tanks

to realise the significance of the morale and efficiency of those who importance when it la realised that and 1,000 acroplanes took part.

for

women

must stay.

appeal issued this week by the Postmaster General, Mr. E., I. In addition to the queation of Wynne-Jones,

and cracuation, housewives who must) children to register their names remain should, as we pointed out) and address at the General Post two months ago, face the question Omer, and the number of persons of food storage. This problem was who have already complied with tackled in England almost six months the request indicates a gratifying ago, and we have been surprised sense of responsibility amongst at the hesitation of Government in members of the British community. Hongkong at announcing, until the rivisability of It should be emphasised that yesterday,

housewives the precautions adopted in this all

adopting this

shortage.

An article published columns to-

our

direction by Government do not elementary precaution against food definitoly envisago evacuation of women and children. Neverthe-Bewhere in less, should the oceaalon Indeed day covers this question of food arise, it will be a period of anxiety reserves. The ideal is that every and worry not only for the women home should have some reserve of and children themselves, but for non-perishable foodstuffs and, most important in homes containing babies the menfolk they will leave behind, and children, adequate reserves of and for the authorities who must the type of food necessary for their copa with the altilation.

sustenance. Although that ideal in

These figures are of tremendous

for Ave years now modern mill- tary experts have accepted the

Considering a mass of inter- national" testimonials" which he

GRIN AND BEAR IT

By Lichty

includes in his book, the author says: "When military experts and politicians underestimate the strength of the Red Army, they are merely demonstrating their Own backwardness

modern military matters."

Whatever the truth of the author's various and often con- fusing estimates of the Powers' military strength, he points out the dreadful moral of a war that could happen to-day,

Modern warfare would be a terribly methodical, almost mache- matical system of destruction; based

A a time programme. country determined on war would spend years of time and millions. of money in planning the attack. The war that would ensue would bo something more devastating than anything that has even been imagined. There will be nothing of Lhe static killing of the Western front of a quarter-of-a-century ago-how old that makes one feel! but something more scientinc and ruthless.

*

"THE history of war,”- says our pseudonymic Max-Werner, "offers us no historical basis on which we

can

judge present-day Arena- ments. To-day, European armies possess between äfteen and twenty ilmes us many, machine guns as they did in 1914, three times as much artillery, and a number of weapons which were entirely un- known then.

Artillery doubled.

range has almost

The tank of 1018 had a speed.

of three or four miles an hour and a radius of 18 to 25 miles. In 1918 the aeroplane had a speed of between 75 and 100 miles an hour and a radius of action of be tween 150 and 180 mués.

"The tank of 1039 has a speed of between 30 and 35 miles an hour and a fadius of action up to 180 miles. The aeroplane has a speed' of between 250 and 300 miles an hour Anda, radius of action be- tween 700 and 2.000 miles."

And, he says, the big European afmles of to-day have something like 25,000 aeroplanes, 30.000 tanks, 50.000 guns and 200,000 machine guns,

Which should be-but is unlikely to be one of the most potent arguments for peace.

Ventriloquist- Pulpit Teacher

New York,

A VENTRILOQUIST'S dummy is helping to convert unbelievers of a Ichurch in Middleboro, Massachusetts. He is named Jerry and he sits on the knce of a ventriloquist clergyman, the Rev. Gerald Bonney, asking pertinent questions about religion.

Bonney answers Jerry's questions while Jerry, very much like Holly- wood's Charllo McCarthy, Ly wags his head understandingly.

These ventriloquist services were founded for children, but now hundreds of adults are crowding to them

CONJURING, TOO

"Who led the Jews into the pro- mised land?" asks Dummy Jerry In Charlie McCarthy tones,

"Why, Jerry, it was Moses," replies Bonney.

"Who killed Goliath?”

""Twas David, Jerry, my boy." Bonney also uses conjuring tricks- to illustrate miracle stories from the Bibla,

For those women and children probably unattainable, a step in the who can afford to leave the Colony right direction would be mudo if and who intended, in any event, to housewives would, bit by bit, com-

mence to hoard their requirements "Nope, I'm not taking a vacation—the doc said the added strain Bonney drops five coins into the bat, proceed on vacation, the time to now.

would bring on a collapse."

When telling the story of the loaves and Ashes mirnele he asks a small' bay to help him, bringing his bat which by his magic mysteriously, in-- crease ti, seven.

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